托福高级词汇 - 物理和化学

在这里,你将学习一些关于物理和化学的英语单词,如“真空”、“碱”、“离子”等,这些都是托福考试所需要的。

review-disable

审查

flashcard-disable

闪卡

spelling-disable

拼写

quiz-disable

测验

开始学习
托福高级词汇
vacuum [名词]
اجرا کردن

真空

Ex: The concept of a perfect vacuum , where no particles or energy exist , is theoretical and is used in thought experiments and theoretical physics .

完美真空的概念,即没有任何粒子或能量存在,是理论性的,用于思想实验和理论物理。

to bond [动词]
اجرا کردن

结合

Ex:

金属离子与周围的配体结合形成配位配合物。

composition [名词]
اجرا کردن

组成

Ex: The composition of a mineral can be determined by analyzing its elemental makeup using techniques such as X-ray spectroscopy .

矿物的成分可以通过使用X射线光谱等技术分析其元素组成来确定。

to distill [动词]
اجرا کردن

蒸馏

Ex:

精油是从各种芳香植物中蒸馏出来的。

to compress [动词]
اجرا کردن

压缩

Ex: The worker compressed the metal plates together using clamps .

工人用夹具将金属板压缩在一起。

dark matter [名词]
اجرا کردن

暗物质

Ex: Astronomers believe that dark matter makes up approximately 27 % of the universe 's total mass and energy content .

天文学家认为暗物质约占宇宙总质量和能量的27%。

antimatter [名词]
اجرا کردن

反物质

Ex: When matter and antimatter particles collide , they annihilate each other , releasing energy in the form of gamma rays .

当物质和反物质粒子碰撞时,它们会相互湮灭,以伽马射线的形式释放能量。

catalyst [名词]
اجرا کردن

催化剂

Ex: Platinum nanoparticles acted as an effective catalyst for the reaction , significantly lowering the activation energy needed .

铂纳米颗粒作为反应的催化剂,显著降低了所需的活化能。

اجرا کردن

加速

Ex: The physicist designed an experiment to study how magnetic fields can accelerate charged particles to high velocities .

物理学家设计了一个实验来研究磁场如何能够将带电粒子加速到高速度。

alkali [名词]
اجرا کردن

any water-soluble compound that can turn litmus blue and reacts with an acid to form a salt and water

Ex: Alkalis like potassium carbonate are used to neutralize acids in chemistry labs .
solvent [名词]
اجرا کردن

溶剂

Ex: Chloroform acts as an effective solvent for lipids , fats and waxes due to its non-polar nature .

氯仿由于其非极性性质,可作为脂类、脂肪和蜡的有效溶剂

ammonia [名词]
اجرا کردن

a sharp-smelling gas made of nitrogen and hydrogen

Ex: Industrial plants produce ammonia on a large scale for fertilizers .
charged [形容词]
اجرا کردن

带电的

Ex:

闪电是一种自然现象,云层带电并放电。

conductor [名词]
اجرا کردن

导体

Ex: Aluminum is also a good conductor and is often used in power transmission lines .

铝也是一种良好的导体,常用于输电线路。

crystal [名词]
اجرا کردن

a solid substance formed when a chemical compound solidifies, with atoms arranged in a highly regular, repeating pattern

Ex: The chemist examined the crystal under a microscope .
ion [名词]
اجرا کردن

离子

Ex: The battery generates power by moving ions between its electrodes .

电池通过在电极之间移动离子来产生电力。

electromagnetic [形容词]
اجرا کردن

电磁的

Ex:

电磁辐射包括无线电波、微波、红外线、可见光、紫外线、X射线和伽马射线。

اجرا کردن

核裂变

Ex: The discovery of nuclear fission in the 1930s paved the way for the development of nuclear weapons and nuclear power reactors .

1930年代核裂变的发现为核武器和核动力反应堆的发展铺平了道路。

اجرا کردن

核聚变

Ex:

太阳的能量是通过其核心中的核聚变反应产生的,主要涉及氢核聚变成氦核的过程。

اجرا کردن

蒸发

Ex: The puddles are slowly evaporating under the hot sun .

水坑在炎热的阳光下慢慢蒸发

aluminum [名词]
اجرا کردن

Ex: Engineers prefer aluminum for aircraft construction due to its excellent strength-to-weight ratio .

工程师们因其优异的强度重量比而更喜欢用来制造飞机。

alloy [名词]
اجرا کردن

合金

Ex: Brass , which is an alloy of copper and zinc , is commonly used in plumbing fixtures and musical instruments .

黄铜是铜和锌的合金,常用于管道装置和乐器中。

copper [名词]
اجرا کردن

Ex: The Statue of Liberty is famous for its green color , which is due to the natural patina formed on its copper surface over time .

自由女神像因其绿色而闻名,这是由于随着时间的推移,其表面形成了自然的铜锈。

magnetic [形容词]
اجرا کردن

磁性的

Ex:

地球的磁场影响指南针的方向。

friction [名词]
اجرا کردن

摩擦

Ex: The rope experienced friction as it slid through the metal loop .

绳子在滑过金属环时经历了摩擦

corrosion [名词]
اجرا کردن

腐蚀

Ex: Regular maintenance is necessary to prevent corrosion and extend the lifespan of metal structures .

定期维护对于防止腐蚀和延长金属结构的使用寿命是必要的。

mass [名词]
اجرا کردن

质量

Ex: The mass of an object is typically measured in kilograms ( kg ) or grams ( g ) .

物体的质量通常以千克(kg)或克(g)为单位测量。

density [名词]
اجرا کردن

密度

Ex: Air has a much lower density compared to water , which is why objects float in water but fall through air .

与水相比,空气的密度要低得多,这就是为什么物体在水中漂浮但在空气中下落。

velocity [名词]
اجرا کردن

速度

Ex: The velocity of a car can be calculated by dividing the distance traveled by the time taken .

汽车的速度可以通过行驶距离除以所用时间来计算。

lead [名词]
اجرا کردن

Ex:

旧建筑的屋顶是由板制成的,这种耐用材料提供了极好的防风雨保护。

mercury [名词]
اجرا کردن

a dense, silvery, toxic metal that is liquid at room temperature and can form different chemical compounds

Ex: The lab technician handled mercury with extreme care .
nickel [名词]
اجرا کردن

a hard, silvery, malleable, and corrosion-resistant metallic element used in alloys and plating

Ex: Nickel is commonly used in stainless steel production .
radioactive [形容词]
اجرا کردن

放射性的

Ex:

暴露于放射性材料可能会带来严重的健康风险,包括辐射病和癌症。

thermal [形容词]
اجرا کردن

热的

Ex: The thermal conductivity of copper makes it an excellent material for heat sinks and electrical wiring .

铜的导率使其成为散热器和电线的绝佳材料。

static [形容词]
اجرا کردن

静态的

Ex:

在拥挤的高速公路上,静止的汽车队伍延伸了数英里。

synthetic [形容词]
اجرا کردن

合成的

Ex: Synthetic fabrics like polyester are created through chemical processes rather than being directly sourced from plants or animals .

像聚酯这样的合成纤维是通过化学过程而不是直接从植物或动物中获取的。