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Cambridge English: CAE (C1 Advanced) - Kognitivní Procesy a Paměť

Naučte se pokročilou slovní zásobu CAE pro kognitivní procesy a paměť, včetně myšlení, vybavování, vnímání, pozornosti, učení, rozpoznávání a mentálního zpracování.

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Cambridge English: CAE (C1 Advanced)
semantic memory
semantic memory
[Podstatné jméno]

the part of memory that stores knowledge of meanings, concepts, and general facts, independent of personal experience

sémantická paměť, konceptuální paměť

sémantická paměť, konceptuální paměť

Ex: Semantic memory stores facts, not personal experiences. 

Sémantická paměť ukládá fakta, nikoli osobní zkušenosti.

to [take] (a|) note

to listen or pay attention carefully to something and remember it for later use

Ex: Take a note of the professor's advice; it could be valuable for your research project. 
drift
drift
[Podstatné jméno]

the general meaning, intention, or main idea of what someone says or writes

smysl,  podstata

smysl, podstata

Ex: The drift of her message was that we needed to act quickly. 
to perceive
to perceive
[sloveso]

to understand, regard, or think about someone or something in a particular way

vnímat,  považovat

vnímat, považovat

Ex: People may perceive the same situation in very different ways. 
notion
notion
[Podstatné jméno]

a general concept or belief

představa, pojem

představa, pojem

Ex: She had a notion that he was hiding something from her. 
to stem from
to stem from
[sloveso]

to originate from a particular source or factor

pocházet z, vycházet z

pocházet z, vycházet z

Ex: The anxiety stems from unresolved emotional trauma and stress. 

Úzkost pramení z nevyřešeného emočního traumatu a stresu.

to [tell] the difference

to recognize the dissimilarities between two or more things

Ex: When comparing the paintings side by side, you can easily tell the difference in style and technique. 
evaluation
evaluation
[Podstatné jméno]

a judgment on the quantity and quality of something after careful consideration

hodnocení

hodnocení

Ex: The evaluation of the project's success will be based on the achievement of key performance indicators. 
to [keep] an eye open

to remain alert and watchful for something or someone, especially to notice when it appears or happens

Ex: Tourists should keep an eye open for pickpockets in that area. 
to speculate
to speculate
[sloveso]

to form a theory or opinion about a subject without knowing all the facts

spekulovat, formulovat teorie

spekulovat, formulovat teorie

Ex: Neighbors started speculating about the reasons for the sudden increase in security measures. 

Sousedé začali spekulovat o důvodech náhlého zvýšení bezpečnostních opatření.

to look back
to look back
[sloveso]

to think about or consider past events, experiences, or decisions

ohlédnout se, vzpomínat

ohlédnout se, vzpomínat

Ex: The team looked back at their performance to identify areas for improvement. 

Tým se ohlédl za svým výkonem, aby identifikoval oblasti pro zlepšení.

to prompt
to prompt
[sloveso]

to cause an event, reaction, or situation to occur

vyvolat,  podnítit

vyvolat, podnítit

Ex: Rising costs prompted changes in the company's strategy. 
to associate
to associate
[sloveso]

to make a connection between someone or something and another in the mind

spojovat, asociovat

spojovat, asociovat

Ex: Many people associate the smell of freshly baked cookies with warmth and home. 
self-perceived
self-perceived
[Přídavné jméno]

identified by oneself in a particular way, regardless of how others may see it

sebevnímaný, vnímaný sebou samým

sebevnímaný, vnímaný sebou samým

Ex: The survey measured self-perceived levels of competence. 

Průzkum měřil úrovně sebevnímané kompetence.

synonymous
synonymous
[Přídavné jméno]

having a similar or identical meaning to another word or phrase in the same language or context

synonymní

synonymní

Ex: In scientific writing, 'hypothesis' and 'theory' are not synonymous terms. 

Ve vědeckém psaní nejsou 'hypotéza' a 'teorie' synonymní termíny.

subtlety
subtlety
[Podstatné jméno]

a fine distinction in meaning, opinion, or attitude

jemnost, nuance

jemnost, nuance

Ex: The debate was full of subtlety and nuance. 

Debata byla plná jemnosti a nuancí.

to tell apart
to tell apart
[sloveso]

to distinguish the differences between things or people

rozlišovat, odlišit

rozlišovat, odlišit

Ex: Some people struggle to tell apart certain colors due to color blindness. 

Někteří lidé mají kvůli barvosleposti potíže rozlišovat určité barvy.

to trigger
to trigger
[sloveso]

to cause an event, process, or reaction to begin

vyvolat,  spustit

vyvolat, spustit

Ex: The news triggered a sharp fall in share prices. 
to [fall] into place

to start to have a clear meaning

začít dávat smysl, zapadnout do sebe

začít dávat smysl, zapadnout do sebe

Ex: At first I was confused, but after the second example, it all fell into place. 

Nejdřív jsem byl zmatený, ale po druhém příkladu mi to celé začalo dávat smysl.

to formulate
to formulate
[sloveso]

to express an idea, opinion, or statement clearly and systematically

formulovat,  vyjádřit

formulovat, vyjádřit

Ex: It took him several minutes to formulate exactly what he wanted to say. 
makeup
makeup
[Podstatné jméno]

the combination and arrangement of parts or qualities that form someone or something

složení,  skladba

složení, skladba

Ex: The genetic makeup of each individual is unique. 
to follow
to follow
[sloveso]

to understand something such as an explanation, story, or the meaning of something

rozumět, následovat

rozumět, následovat

Ex: I couldn't follow the professor's complex explanation of quantum physics. 
to [be] in the know

to have access to special information that most people do not have

Ex: I wasn't in the know, so I missed the meeting. 
in two minds
in two minds
[fráze]

in a state of uncertainty in which it is difficult for one to choose between two courses of action

Ex: She found herself in two minds when it came to deciding between two potential romantic partners, torn between the excitement of new possibilities and the comfort of a familiar connection. 
to retain
to retain
[sloveso]

to keep something in one's thoughts or mental awareness

uchovat, udržet v paměti

uchovat, udržet v paměti

Ex: She retained vivid memories of her childhood home. 
thought-provoking
thought-provoking
[Přídavné jméno]

causing one to seriously think about a certain subject or to consider it

podněcující k zamyšlení, intelektuálně stimulující

podněcující k zamyšlení, intelektuálně stimulující

Ex: The thought-provoking documentary shed light on pressing social issues and prompted viewers to reevaluate their perspectives. 

Podnětný dokument osvětlil naléhavé společenské problémy a přiměl diváky, aby přehodnotili své pohledy.

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