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Pokročilá Slovní Zásoba pro TOEFL - Zemědělství a Vegetace

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova o zemědělství a vegetaci, jako je "arable", "croft", "silage" atd., která jsou potřebná pro zkoušku TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
arable
arable
[Přídavné jméno]

having the capacity to be used to grow crops

orný, vhodný k obdělávání

orný, vhodný k obdělávání

Ex: The farm has large arable fields perfect for wheat. 
fallow
fallow
[Přídavné jméno]

(of farmland) not used for growing crops for a period of time, especially for the quality of the soil to improve

úhor, neobdělávaný

úhor, neobdělávaný

Ex: After years of continuous wheat planting, the farmer kept one field fallow to let the earth regain fertility. 
coniferous
coniferous
[Přídavné jméno]

relating to trees with hard and dry fruits called cones and needle-shaped leaves

jehličnatý, šiškatý

jehličnatý, šiškatý

deciduous
deciduous
[Přídavné jméno]

(of plants) annually losing leaves

opadavý

opadavý

Ex: The deciduous trees turned orange in autumn. 
to fodder
to fodder
[sloveso]

to feed farm animals with any agricultural foodstuff that is specifically for domesticated livestock

krmit, živit

krmit, živit

to irrigate
to irrigate
[sloveso]

to supply crops, land, etc. with water, typically by artificial means

zavlažovat, irigovat

zavlažovat, irigovat

Ex: They irrigate the fields using a network of sprinklers to ensure even water distribution. 
to sprout
to sprout
[sloveso]

(of a seed or plant) to begin growing

klíčit, rašit

klíčit, rašit

Ex: She plants seeds in the garden and watches them sprout after a few days. 
blight
blight
[Podstatné jméno]

a plant disease that causes withering, discoloration, or death without immediate rotting

uvadání, spála

uvadání, spála

Ex: The tomato plants showed signs of blight, with curled leaves and brown spots. 
croft
croft
[Podstatné jméno]

a small rented farm around a house or the house itself, especially in Scotland

malá pronajatá farma kolem domu nebo samotný dům,  zejména ve Skotsku

malá pronajatá farma kolem domu nebo samotný dům, zejména ve Skotsku

cultivator
cultivator
[Podstatné jméno]

a piece of mechanical equipment used to break up the soil and remove weeds from the ground

kultivátor, rotavátor

kultivátor, rotavátor

hedgerow
hedgerow
[Podstatné jméno]

a line of shrubs, bushes, or small trees that are planted along the edge of a field or road, especially in the UK

živý plot, řada keřů

živý plot, řada keřů

homestead
homestead
[Podstatné jméno]

a dwelling, usually a farmhouse, together with its adjoining land

statek, hospodářství

statek, hospodářství

Ex: The family returned to their homestead after the harvest. 
husbandry
husbandry
[Podstatné jméno]

the practice of cultivating and breeding crops and animals and taking care of them

zemědělství, chov zvířat

zemědělství, chov zvířat

manure
manure
[Podstatné jméno]

solid waste from animals spread on a piece of land to help plants and crops grow healthier and stronger

hnůj, statkové hnojivo

hnůj, statkové hnojivo

pasture
pasture
[Podstatné jméno]

a field where animals eat grass

pastvina, louka

pastvina, louka

Ex: The cows are grazing in the green pasture. 
reaper
reaper
[Podstatné jméno]

a person who cuts and collects crops when they are ready

žnec, sekač

žnec, sekač

Ex: The reaper worked in the wheat field all day. 
rustler
rustler
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who steals farm animals

zlodaj dobytka, krádež dobytka

zlodaj dobytka, krádež dobytka

Ex: The rancher reported a rustler to the authorities. 
silage
silage
[Podstatné jméno]

grass or other green crops that are harvested and stored without being dried to be fed to animals in winter

siláž, krmná siláž

siláž, krmná siláž

sprinkler
sprinkler
[Podstatné jméno]

a small device with holes that is put on the end of a hose, used for watering soil or lawns; a piece of equipment that is utilized in case a building is on fire

rozstřikovač, sprinkler

rozstřikovač, sprinkler

Ex: I turned on the sprinkler to water the garden while I was inside. 
vintage
vintage
[Podstatné jméno]

the grapes harvested or wine produced in a specific year or season

sklizeň, ročník

sklizeň, ročník

Ex: The restaurant offers a selection of wines from the 2015 vintage, known for its rich flavor. 
botany
botany
[Podstatné jméno]

the scientific study of plants, their structure, genetics, classification, etc.

botanika

botanika

Ex: She majored in botany to learn about plant genetics and classification. 
biennial
biennial
[Podstatné jméno]

a plant that lives for two years and in its second year produces seeds and flowers

dvouletka, dvouletá rostlina

dvouletka, dvouletá rostlina

bough
bough
[Podstatné jméno]

a major branch of a tree

větev, haluz

větev, haluz

Ex: The bird perched on the thickest bough of the tree. 
bramble
bramble
[Podstatné jméno]

a thorny shrub of the rose family on which blackberries grow

ostružiník, trnitý keř

ostružiník, trnitý keř

Ex: I love picking fresh blackberries from the bramble near my house. 
foliage
foliage
[Podstatné jméno]

a plant or tree's branches and leaves collectively

listí, vegetace

listí, vegetace

Ex: The dense foliage provided a cool shade on a hot day. 
sapling
sapling
[Podstatné jméno]

a small and young tree

mladý strom, sazenice

mladý strom, sazenice

Ex: The forest was filled with many new saplings. 
chlorophyll
chlorophyll
[Podstatné jméno]

a green pigment found in all green plants and cyanobacteria that is responsible for the absorption of the sunlight needed for the photosynthesis process

chlorofyl, zelený pigment

chlorofyl, zelený pigment

Ex: Chlorophyll is responsible for the green color of plants, reflecting its role in photosynthesis. 
aspen
aspen
[Podstatné jméno]

a tree of the poplar family, with leaves that move even in the breeze

osika, topol osika

osika, topol osika

banyan
banyan
[Podstatné jméno]

a South Asian fig tree that can grow new trunks and roots from its branch

banián, fíkovník bengálský

banián, fíkovník bengálský

beech
beech
[Podstatné jméno]

a large forest tree with a smooth grey trunk, shiny leaves, and small nuts

buk, buk lesní

buk, buk lesní

buttercup
buttercup
[Podstatné jméno]

a wild plant with cup-shaped flowers that are small, bright, and yellow

pryskyřník, zlaté knoflík

pryskyřník, zlaté knoflík

carnation
carnation
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of Dianthus often bright-colored and used for formal occasions

karafiát, květ karafiátu

karafiát, květ karafiátu

cedar
cedar
[Podstatné jméno]

a tall evergreen tree from the conifer family that has wide spreading branches

cedr, cedrový strom

cedr, cedrový strom

clover
clover
[Podstatné jméno]

a small wild plant of the pea family usually with three round leaves, often pink, purple, or white

jetel, jetel luční

jetel, jetel luční

Ex: The field was full of green clover. 
cypress
cypress
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of evergreen conifer tree with small rounded woody cones

cypřiš, cypřiš stálezelený

cypřiš, cypřiš stálezelený

Ex: The cypress trees lined the pathway. 
dandelion
dandelion
[Podstatné jméno]

a small plant with yellow flowers that turn into round, fluffy seed heads

pampeliška, smetánka

pampeliška, smetánka

Ex: Children blew the seeds off a dandelion. 
elm
elm
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of tall deciduous tree with rough serrated leaves

jilm, ulmus

jilm, ulmus

hibiscus
hibiscus
[Podstatné jméno]

a tropical plant of the mallow family that has large and brightly colored flowers

ibišek, květ ibišku

ibišek, květ ibišku

iris
iris
[Podstatné jméno]

a plant with long narrow leaves and large yellow or purple flowers

kosatec, iris

kosatec, iris

Ex: In the garden, the tall iris plants stood proudly, their striking purple blooms catching the sunlight. 
mimosa
mimosa
[Podstatné jméno]

a plant whose leaves droop when touched

mimoza, citlivá rostlina

mimoza, citlivá rostlina

Ex: The mimosa tree in our backyard fills the air with a sweet fragrance when its pink flowers bloom in the spring. 
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