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Pokročilá Slovní Zásoba pro TOEFL - Zemědělství a vegetace

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slovíčka o zemědělství a vegetaci, jako např. „orable“, „croft“, „silage“ atd., která jsou potřebná ke zkoušce TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
arable
[Přídavné jméno]

having the capacity to be used to grow crops

orný, záhumenní

orný, záhumenní

Ex: Arable farming requires land that is suitable for growing crops .
fallow
[Přídavné jméno]

(of farmland) not used for growing crops for a period of time, especially for the quality of the soil to improve

pustý, lenivý

pustý, lenivý

coniferous
[Přídavné jméno]

relating to trees with hard and dry fruits called cones and needle-shaped leaves

jehličnatý, bělový

jehličnatý, bělový

deciduous
[Přídavné jméno]

(of plants) annually losing leaves

opadavý, listnatý

opadavý, listnatý

to fodder
[sloveso]

to feed farm animals with any agricultural foodstuff that is specifically for domesticated livestock

krmit, sázet na krmivo

krmit, sázet na krmivo

to irrigate
[sloveso]

to supply crops, land, etc. with water, typically by artificial means

zavlažovat, irigovat

zavlažovat, irigovat

Ex: irrigates the vegetable garden with a hose and sprinkler attachment .
to sprout
[sloveso]

(of a seed or plant) to begin growing

vyklíčit, vyrůst

vyklíčit, vyrůst

Ex: Don't be surprised to see pumpkin seeds sprout in the compost pile under the right conditions.
blight
[Podstatné jméno]

any disease that causes a plant to wither and eventually dies

škůdce, houbová choroba

škůdce, houbová choroba

croft
[Podstatné jméno]

a small rented farm around a house or the house itself, especially in Scotland

malá farmářská usedlost, chata

malá farmářská usedlost, chata

cultivator
[Podstatné jméno]

a piece of mechanical equipment used to break up the soil and remove weeds from the ground

kultivátor, zařízení na zpracování půdy

kultivátor, zařízení na zpracování půdy

hedgerow
[Podstatné jméno]

a line of shrubs, bushes, or small trees that are planted along the edge of a field or road, especially in the UK

živý plot, záhon keřů

živý plot, záhon keřů

homestead
[Podstatné jméno]

a house, especially a farmhouse, with the land and buildings surrounding it

statek, usedlost

statek, usedlost

Ex: In the distance , the lights of homestead twinkled in the twilight , welcoming weary travelers with promises of warmth and hospitality .
husbandry
[Podstatné jméno]

the practice of cultivating and breeding crops and animals and taking care of them

zemědělství, chovatelství

zemědělství, chovatelství

manure
[Podstatné jméno]

solid waste from animals spread on a piece of land to help plants and crops grow healthier and stronger

hnojivo, hnůj

hnojivo, hnůj

pasture
[Podstatné jméno]

a field covered with grass or similar herbs suitable for animals to graze on

pastvina, louka

pastvina, louka

reaper
[Podstatné jméno]

a person who gathers the harvest on a farm

sklízeč, žnec

sklízeč, žnec

rustler
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who steals farm animals

zloděj dobytka, krádežník

zloděj dobytka, krádežník

silage
[Podstatné jméno]

grass or other green crops that are harvested and stored without being dried to be fed to animals in winter

siláž, seno

siláž, seno

sprinkler
[Podstatné jméno]

a small device with holes that is put on the end of a hose, used for watering soil or lawns; a piece of equipment that is utilized in case a building is on fire

zavlažovač, požární sprinkler

zavlažovač, požární sprinkler

Ex: She adjusted sprinkler so it could reach the far corner of the yard .
vintage
[Podstatné jméno]

the grapes harvested or wine produced in a specific year or season

ročník, vintage

ročník, vintage

Ex: They compared the flavors of vintages to understand how weather impacts wine production .
botany
[Podstatné jméno]

the scientific study of plants, their structure, genetics, classification, etc.

botanika, věda o rostlinách

botanika, věda o rostlinách

Ex: The university offers a degree botany with specializations in various plant sciences .
biennial
[Podstatné jméno]

a plant that lives for two years and in its second year produces seeds and flowers

dvouletá rostlina, dvouletka

dvouletá rostlina, dvouletka

bough
[Podstatné jméno]

a major branch of a tree

větve, haluze

větve, haluze

Ex: A bird ’s nest was tucked in a bough, hidden from view .
bramble
[Podstatné jméno]

a thorny shrub of the rose family on which blackberries grow

ostružina, trnitý keř

ostružina, trnitý keř

Ex: The bramble bushes along the hiking trail were filled with ripe dewberries.
foliage
[Podstatné jméno]

a plant or tree's branches and leaves collectively

listoví, zeleň

listoví, zeleň

Ex: In autumn , foliage of the trees turns brilliant shades of red and orange .
sapling
[Podstatné jméno]

a small and young tree

sazenice, mladý strom

sazenice, mladý strom

Ex: sapling grew quickly with plenty of sunlight and nutrients .
chlorophyll
[Podstatné jméno]

a green pigment found in all green plants and cyanobacteria that is responsible for the absorption of the sunlight needed for the photosynthesis process

chlorofyl, zelené barvivo

chlorofyl, zelené barvivo

Ex: Algae and cyanobacteria also chlorophyll, allowing them to carry out oxygenic photosynthesis .
aspen
[Podstatné jméno]

a tree of the poplar family, with leaves that move even in the breeze

osika, topol osikový

osika, topol osikový

banyan
[Podstatné jméno]

a South Asian fig tree that can grow new trunks and roots from its branch

banyán, fíkus banyán

banyán, fíkus banyán

beech
[Podstatné jméno]

a large forest tree with a smooth grey trunk, shiny leaves, and small nuts

buk, buko

buk, buko

buttercup
[Podstatné jméno]

a wild plant with cup-shaped flowers that are small, bright, and yellow

pryskyřník, morek

pryskyřník, morek

carnation
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of Dianthus often bright-colored and used for formal occasions

karafiát, karafiátový květ

karafiát, karafiátový květ

cedar
[Podstatné jméno]

a tall evergreen tree from the conifer family that has wide spreading branches

cedr, cedrový strom

cedr, cedrový strom

clover
[Podstatné jméno]

a small wild plant of the pea family usually with three round leaves, often pink, purple, or white

jetel, trifolium

jetel, trifolium

cypress
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of evergreen conifer tree with small rounded woody cones

cypřiš, cypřišovec

cypřiš, cypřišovec

dandelion
[Podstatné jméno]

a small plant of the daisy family with a yellow flower that turns into a fluffy white ball of seeds

 pampeliška, pampeliškovi květ

pampeliška, pampeliškovi květ

elm
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of tall deciduous tree with rough serrated leaves

jilm, jilmový strom

jilm, jilmový strom

hibiscus
[Podstatné jméno]

a tropical plant of the mallow family that has large and brightly colored flowers

hibiscus, sudánka

hibiscus, sudánka

iris
[Podstatné jméno]

a plant with long narrow leaves and large yellow or purple flowers

kosatec, dřín

kosatec, dřín

Ex: Van Gogh 's famous painting Irises" captures the essence of these elegant flowers , portraying their graceful form and vivid colors with artistic flair .
mimosa
[Podstatné jméno]

a plant whose leaves droop when touched

mimóza, mimóza stydlivá

mimóza, mimóza stydlivá

Ex: mimosa shrub is known for its ability to thrive in sandy soils and coastal climates , making it a popular choice for seaside gardens .
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