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Kniha Solutions - Vyšší středně pokročilý - Jednotka 8 - 8A

Zde najdete slovní zásobu z jednotky 8 - 8A v učebnici Solutions Upper-Intermediate, jako je "nerovnost", "globalizace", "petice" atd.

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Solutions - Upper-Intermediate
gender inequality
gender inequality
[Podstatné jméno]

the unfair treatment of people based on their gender, where one gender, usually women, has fewer rights, opportunities, or resources than the other

genderová nerovnost, diskriminace na základě pohlaví

genderová nerovnost, diskriminace na základě pohlaví

Ex: Gender inequality often leads to women being paid less than men for the same job. 

Genderová nerovnost často vede k tomu, že ženy dostávají za stejnou práci méně než muži.

globalization
globalization
[Podstatné jméno]

the fact that the cultures and economic systems around the world are becoming connected and similar as a result of improvement in communications and development of multinational corporations

globalizace,  internacionalizace

globalizace, internacionalizace

Ex: The cultural influence of Hollywood is a major example of globalization in the entertainment industry. 

Kulturní vliv Hollywoodu je hlavním příkladem globalizace v zábavním průmyslu.

global warming
global warming
[Podstatné jméno]

the increase in the average temperature of the Earth as a result of the greenhouse effect

globální oteplování, klimatická změna

globální oteplování, klimatická změna

Ex: Global warming threatens ecosystems and wildlife. 

Globální oteplování ohrožuje ekosystémy a divokou přírodu.

homelessness
homelessness
[Podstatné jméno]

the fact or condition of not having a home

bezdomovectví, bezdomovství

bezdomovectví, bezdomovství

Ex: She dedicated her career to raising awareness about homelessness and advocating for policy changes. 

Svou kariéru zasvětila zvýšení povědomí o bezdomovectví a obhajobě změn politiky.

immigration
immigration
[Podstatné jméno]

the fact or process of coming to another country to permanently live there

imigrace

imigrace

Ex: After decades of immigration, the neighborhood has become a vibrant, multicultural community. 

Po desetiletích imigrace se čtvrť stala živou, multikulturní komunitou.

racism
racism
[Podstatné jméno]

harmful or unfair actions, words, or thoughts directed at people of different races, often based on the idea that one's own race is more intelligent, moral, or worthy

Ex: She experienced racism at her new job. 
terrorism
terrorism
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of using violence such as killing people, bombing, etc. to gain political power

terorismus

terorismus

Ex: Many countries are strengthening their laws against terrorism to protect national security. 

Mnoho zemí posiluje své zákony proti terorismu, aby ochránilo národní bezpečnost.

unemployment
unemployment
[Podstatné jméno]

the state of being without a job

nezaměstnanost, bez práce

nezaměstnanost, bez práce

Ex: She struggled with unemployment after being laid off from her job at the factory. 
campaign
campaign
[Podstatné jméno]

a series of organized activities that are intended to achieve a particular goal

kampaň

kampaň

Ex: The presidential campaign included rallies, debates, and advertising across the country. 
sign
sign
[Podstatné jméno]

a symbol or letters used in math, music, or other subjects to show an instruction, idea, etc.

znak, symbol

znak, symbol

Ex: In mathematics, the plus sign (+) is commonly used to represent addition. 
to stand
to stand
[sloveso]

to have a certain opinion regarding an issue

stát, být

stát, být

Ex: He firmly stands against animal cruelty. 
to support
to support
[sloveso]

to provide someone or something with encouragement or help

podporovat,  pomáhat

podporovat, pomáhat

Ex: Friends and family members often support each other during challenging times. 
to vote
to vote
[sloveso]

to show which candidate one wants to win in an election or which plan one supports, by marking a piece of paper, raising one's hand, etc.

hlasovat, oddat hlas

hlasovat, oddat hlas

Ex: Citizens regularly vote in elections to choose their representatives. 
to write
to write
[sloveso]

to make letters, words, or numbers on a surface, usually on a piece of paper, with a pen or pencil

psát

psát

Ex: Can you write your address on this form? 
benefit concert
benefit concert
[Podstatné jméno]

a musical performance or event organized to raise money or awareness for a particular cause or charity

dobročinný koncert, benefiční koncert

dobročinný koncert, benefiční koncert

Ex: Tickets for the benefit concert were sold out within hours, with all proceeds going to the homeless shelter. 

Vstupenky na dobročinný koncert byly vyprodány během několika hodin, všechny výtěžky jdou do útulku pro bezdomovce.

election day
election day
[Podstatné jméno]

the day on which citizens of a country go to the polls to cast their vote in an election

volební den, den voleb

volební den, den voleb

Ex: She made sure to arrive early on election day to avoid the afternoon rush at the polls. 

Ujistila se, že přijde brzy v den voleb, aby se vyhnula odpolednímu návalu u volebních místností.

interview
interview
[Podstatné jméno]

a formal meeting during which a journalist asks a famous person different questions about specific subjects for publication

rozhovor,  interview

rozhovor, interview

Ex: The magazine conducted an interview with the actor about his upcoming film. 
political
political
[Přídavné jméno]

related to or involving the governance of a country or territory

politický

politický

Ex: The media plays a crucial role in informing the public about political developments and holding elected officials accountable. 

Média hrají klíčovou roli v informování veřejnosti o politických událostech a v odpovědnosti volených úředníků.

debate
debate
[Podstatné jméno]

a discussion about a particular issue between two opposing sides, mainly held publicly

debata

debata

Ex: The candidates participated in a televised debate to present their views on economic policy. 
parliament
parliament
[Podstatné jméno]

the group of elected representatives whose responsibility is to create, amend, and discuss laws or address political matters

parlament

parlament

Ex: The parliament convened to debate the proposed healthcare reform bill. 
candidate
candidate
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who is competing in an election or for a job position

kandidát, kandidátka

kandidát, kandidátka

Ex: The candidate for mayor gave an inspiring speech at the rally. 
coalition
coalition
[Podstatné jméno]

an alliance of different groups, political parties, or countries formed to work together for a particular purpose

koalice,  aliance

koalice, aliance

Ex: The countries joined a coalition to coordinate their efforts. 
constituency
constituency
[Podstatné jméno]

the people in a particular area who are represented by an elected member of a parliament or legislature

volební obvod,  voliči

volební obvod, voliči

Ex: The issue attracted considerable attention among the local constituency. 
general election
general election
[Podstatné jméno]

a political event in which voters choose their representatives in a government at the national or state level

všeobecné volby

všeobecné volby

Ex: The candidate is preparing for a general election campaign that will focus on healthcare reform. 

Kandidát se připravuje na všeobecné volby, které se zaměří na reformu zdravotnictví.

protest
protest
[Podstatné jméno]

an organized public demonstration expressing strong disapproval of an official policy or action

protest

protest

Ex: Thousands of people gathered for a protest against the new government policy. 
to demonstrate

to show clearly that something is true or exists by providing proof or evidence

demonstrovat, dokázat

demonstrovat, dokázat

Ex: The scientist demonstrated the effectiveness of the new drug through a series of experiments. 
to go on
to go on
[sloveso]

to start operating or functioning

spustit se, nastartovat

spustit se, nastartovat

Ex: The lights went out during the storm, but the backup generator went on immediately. 

Během bouřky zhasla světla, ale záložní generátor se okamžitě spustil.

demonstration
demonstration
[Podstatné jméno]

a display of support for or protest against something or someone by a march or public meeting

demonstrace

demonstrace

Ex: The demonstration against the new government policy drew thousands of participants to the city center. 
march
march
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of troops walking with regular, disciplined steps, often over a distance or as part of maneuvers

pochod, přehlídka

pochod, přehlídka

Ex: The soldiers began their early morning march. 
to hold
to hold
[sloveso]

to organize a specific event, such as a meeting, party, election, etc.

organizovat, pořádat

organizovat, pořádat

Ex: They're planning to hold a charity event next month. 
rally
rally
[Podstatné jméno]

a large public gathering held to show support for a cause, opinion, or group

shromáždění,  mítink

shromáždění, mítink

Ex: Emma attended a rally with several of her friends. 
to hold up
to hold up
[sloveso]

to provide support or lift to something or someone, often by bearing the weight or preventing it from falling or collapsing

podpírat, udržet

podpírat, udržet

Ex: The wall can hold up the heavy bookshelves. 

Zeď může udržet těžké knihovny.

placard
placard
[Podstatné jméno]

a sign or poster that is usually used for public display, often for advertising or promoting a message or cause

plakát, transparent

plakát, transparent

Ex: They handed out placards at the demonstration to encourage people to join the cause. 

Na demonstraci rozdávali plakáty, aby povzbudili lidi, aby se připojili k věci.

to listen
to listen
[sloveso]

to give our attention to the sound a person or thing is making

poslouchat

poslouchat

Ex: I found him listening behind the closed bedroom door. 
speech
speech
[Podstatné jméno]

a formal talk about a particular topic given to an audience

projev

projev

Ex: The politician delivered an inspiring speech at the campaign rally. 
to shout
to shout
[sloveso]

to speak loudly, often associated with expressing anger or when you cannot hear what the other person is saying

křičet, řvát

křičet, řvát

Ex: She had to shout to make herself heard across the crowded room. 
slogan
slogan
[Podstatné jméno]

a short memorable phrase that is used in advertising to draw people's attention toward something

slogan, motto

slogan, motto

Ex: The environmental group's slogan "Save the Earth, One Step at a Time" resonated deeply with the public during their campaign. 

Slogan environmentální skupiny „Zachraňte Zemi, krok za krokem“ hluboce rezonoval s veřejností během jejich kampaně.

to sign
to sign
[sloveso]

to write one's name or mark on a document to indicate acceptance, approval, or endorsement of its contents

podepsat

podepsat

Ex: Please sign your name at the bottom of the form. 
petition
petition
[Podstatné jméno]

a document signed by many people formally requesting action from a person or organization in authority

petice,  žádost

petice, žádost

Ex: The online petition collected thousands of signatures within a week. 
global
global
[Přídavné jméno]

regarding or affecting the entire world

globální, světový

globální, světový

Ex: The internet enables global communication and access to information across continents. 

Internet umožňuje globální komunikaci a přístup k informacím napříč kontinenty.

issue
issue
[Podstatné jméno]

problems or difficulties that arise, especially in relation to a service or facility, which require resolution or attention

problém, obtíž

problém, obtíž

Ex: The internet service provider resolved the issue with the slow connection promptly. 
censorship
censorship
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of banning or deleting information that could be valuable to the enemy

cenzura, kontrola informací

cenzura, kontrola informací

Ex: Censorship of the media during wartime is common to prevent the enemy from gaining strategic information. 

Cenzura médií během války je běžná, aby se zabránilo nepříteli v získání strategických informací.

corruption
corruption
[Podstatné jméno]

dishonest or illegal conduct, especially by people who hold positions of power or authority

Ex: The reforms were intended to reduce corruption in public institutions. 
disease
disease
[Podstatné jméno]

an illness in a human, animal, or plant that affects health

nemoc, onemocnění

nemoc, onemocnění

Ex: Many are working tirelessly to eradicate this deadly disease. 
famine
famine
[Podstatné jméno]

a situation where there is not enough food that causes hunger and death

hladomor, nedostatek potravin

hladomor, nedostatek potravin

Ex: The famine caused great suffering among the population. 

Hladomor způsobil velké utrpení mezi obyvatelstvem.

hung parliament
hung parliament
[Podstatné jméno]

a situation in government where no one political party or group has more than half of the total number of seats in the parliament

visící parlament, parlament bez většiny

visící parlament, parlament bez většiny

Ex: The political instability caused by the hung parliament made it challenging to address urgent national issues. 

Politická nestabilita způsobená zavěšeným parlamentem ztížila řešení naléhavých národních problémů.

majority
majority
[Podstatné jméno]

the greater number of votes by which a candidate or party wins an election

většina

většina

Ex: The candidate won by a majority of 10,000 votes. 
member
member
[Podstatné jméno]

someone or something that is in a specific group, club, or organization

člen, účastník

člen, účastník

Ex: All members are invited to the annual general meeting. 
prime minister
prime minister
[Podstatné jméno]

the head of government in parliamentary democracies, who is responsible for leading the government and making important decisions on policies and law-making

premiér, šéf vlády

premiér, šéf vlády

Ex: The Prime Minister's term in office ended after a successful vote of no confidence in Parliament. 

Funkční období premiéra skončilo po úspěšném hlasování o nedůvěře v parlamentu.

proportional representation
proportional representation
[Podstatné jméno]

a system of voting where the number of seats won by a political party or group of candidates is proportional to the number of votes they receive from the electorate

poměrné zastoupení, systém poměrného zastoupení

poměrné zastoupení, systém poměrného zastoupení

vote
vote
[Podstatné jméno]

an official choice made by an individual or a group of people in a meeting or election

hlas

hlas

Ex: In the upcoming election, citizens will cast their votes for mayor. 
advertisement
advertisement
[Podstatné jméno]

a public notice, image, video, or other message intended to promote a product, service, event, job, or similar offering

Ex: Daniel responded to an advertisement for a part-time job. 
to organize
to organize
[sloveso]

to put things into a particular order or structure

organizovat, uspořádat

organizovat, uspořádat

Ex: She organized her closet by color. 
nuclear weapon
nuclear weapon
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of explosive device that derives its destructive power from nuclear reactions

jaderná zbraň

jaderná zbraň

Ex: Some argue that the presence of nuclear weapons has prevented large-scale wars through the concept of deterrence. 

Někteří tvrdí, že přítomnost jaderných zbraní zabránila rozsáhlým válkám prostřednictvím konceptu odstrašení.

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