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كتاب Solutions - فوق المتوسط - الوحدة 8 - 8 أ

ستجد هنا مفردات من الوحدة 8 - 8أ في كتاب حلول المستوى فوق المتوسط، مثل "عدم المساواة"، و"العولمة"، و"الالتماس"، وما إلى ذلك.

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Solutions - Upper-Intermediate

the unfair treatment of people based on their gender, where one gender, usually women, has fewer rights, opportunities, or resources than the other

عدم المساواة بين الجنسين, فجوة النوع الاجتماعي

عدم المساواة بين الجنسين, فجوة النوع الاجتماعي

Ex: Gender inequality is a problem in many workplaces, where men are more likely to be hired for higher-paying jobs.

the fact that the cultures and economic systems around the world are becoming connected and similar as a result of improvement in communications and development of multinational corporations

العولمة, التحولات العالمية

العولمة, التحولات العالمية

Ex: The cultural influence of Hollywood is a major example globalization in the entertainment industry .

the increase in the average temperature of the Earth as a result of the greenhouse effect

الاحتباس الحراري, ارتفاع درجة حرارة الأرض

الاحتباس الحراري, ارتفاع درجة حرارة الأرض

Ex: Global warming threatens ecosystems and wildlife .
homelessness
[اسم]

the fact or condition of not having a home

التشرد, فقدان المأوى

التشرد, فقدان المأوى

Ex: She dedicated her career to raising awareness homelessness and advocating for policy changes .
immigration
[اسم]

the fact or process of coming to another country to permanently live there

الهجرة, القدوم إلى بلد آخر

الهجرة, القدوم إلى بلد آخر

Ex: After decades immigration, the neighborhood has become a vibrant , multicultural community .
racism
[اسم]

harmful or unfair actions, words, or thoughts directed at people of different races, often based on the idea that one’s own race is more intelligent, moral, or worthy

عنصرية, تفرقة عنصرية

عنصرية, تفرقة عنصرية

Ex: Racism in the police force has been a long-standing issue .
terrorism
[اسم]

the act of using violence such as killing people, bombing, etc. to gain political power

الإرهاب, عمل الإرهاب

الإرهاب, عمل الإرهاب

Ex: Many countries are strengthening their laws terrorism to protect national security .
unemployment
[اسم]

the state of being without a job

البطالة, فقدان العمل

البطالة, فقدان العمل

Ex: Many people faced unemployment during the global financial crisis .
campaign
[اسم]

a series of organized activities that are intended to achieve a particular goal

حملة, مشروع

حملة, مشروع

Ex: The campaign was successful in reaching vulnerable populations and preventing the spread of disease .
sign
[اسم]

a symbol or letters used in math, music, or other subjects to show an instruction, idea, etc.

إشارة, علامة

إشارة, علامة

Ex: The sign symbolizes something that has no end .
to stand
[فعل]

to have a certain opinion regarding an issue

يعارض, يؤيد ضد

يعارض, يؤيد ضد

Ex: Where do stand on this issue ?
to support
[فعل]

to provide someone or something with encouragement or help

يدعم, يؤازر

يدعم, يؤازر

Ex: The teacher always tries support her students by offering extra help after class .
to vote
[فعل]

to show which candidate one wants to win in an election or which plan one supports, by marking a piece of paper, raising one's hand, etc.

صوّت, يصوّت

صوّت, يصوّت

Ex: voted for the first time after turning eighteen .
to write
[فعل]

to make letters, words, or numbers on a surface, usually on a piece of paper, with a pen or pencil

اكتب, دون

اكتب, دون

Ex: Can write a note for the delivery person ?

a musical performance or event organized to raise money or awareness for a particular cause or charity

حفلة موسيقية خيرية, عروض موسيقية لجمع التبرعات

حفلة موسيقية خيرية, عروض موسيقية لجمع التبرعات

Ex: Tickets for benefit concert were sold out within hours , with all proceeds going to the homeless shelter .
election day
[اسم]

the day on which citizens of a country go to the polls to cast their vote in an election

يوم الانتخابات, يوم الاقتراع

يوم الانتخابات, يوم الاقتراع

Ex: She made sure to arrive election day to avoid the afternoon rush at the polls .
interview
[اسم]

a formal meeting during which a journalist asks a famous person different questions about specific subjects for publication

مقابلة, حوار

مقابلة, حوار

Ex: The journalist conducted interview with the politician regarding recent policy changes .
political
[صفة]

related to or involving the governance of a country or territory

سياسي, حكومي

سياسي, حكومي

Ex: The media plays a crucial role in informing the public political developments and holding elected officials accountable .
debate
[اسم]

a discussion about a particular issue between two opposing sides, mainly held publicly

نقاش, مناظرة

نقاش, مناظرة

Ex: debate over healthcare reform continues to be a contentious issue in politics .
parliament
[اسم]

the group of elected representatives whose responsibility is to create, amend, and discuss laws or address political matters

البرلمان, المجلس التشريعي

البرلمان, المجلس التشريعي

Ex: The opposition party criticized the government 's policies during parliament meeting .
candidate
[اسم]

someone who is competing in an election or for a job position

مُرشَّح, مُتَقَدِّم

مُرشَّح, مُتَقَدِّم

Ex: candidate promised to tackle climate change if elected .
coalition
[اسم]

an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections

تحالف, ائتلاف

تحالف, ائتلاف

Ex: The trade union formed coalition with student organizations to advocate for better working conditions and affordable education .
constituency
[اسم]

a group of people in a specific area who elect a representative to a legislative position

دائرة انتخابية, مجموعة الناخبين

دائرة انتخابية, مجموعة الناخبين

Ex: A survey was conducted to gauge the opinion of constituency on the new tax reform .

a political event in which voters choose their representatives in a government at the national or state level

الانتخابات العامة, الانتخاب العام

الانتخابات العامة, الانتخاب العام

Ex: The candidate is preparing for general election campaign that will focus on healthcare reform .
protest
[اسم]

an organized public demonstration expressing strong disapproval of an official policy or action

احتجاج, مظاهرة

احتجاج, مظاهرة

Ex: The community held a protest to express their concerns about the development plans .

to show clearly that something is true or exists by providing proof or evidence

أظهر, بين

أظهر, بين

Ex: demonstrated her leadership abilities by organizing a successful event .
to go on
[فعل]

to start operating or functioning

تشغيل, عمل

تشغيل, عمل

Ex: The goes on automatically when the temperature drops below a certain level .

a display of support for or protest against something or someone by a march or public meeting

مظاهرة, تظاهرة

مظاهرة, تظاهرة

Ex: The political party organized demonstration to protest against corruption in government .
march
[اسم]

a formal, organized, and usually ceremonial procession of people, often military personnel, moving in a uniform and rhythmic way

مسيرة, عرض

مسيرة, عرض

Ex: march ended in front of the government building .
to hold
[فعل]

to organize a specific event, such as a meeting, party, election, etc.

يعقد, يُنظم

يعقد, يُنظم

Ex: The held negotiations with potential investors .
rally
[اسم]

a large gathering of the public, especially those supporting a particular political idea or party

تجمع, مظاهرة

تجمع, مظاهرة

Ex: He was arrested during rally for protesting against government policies he viewed as unfair .
to hold up
[فعل]

to provide support or lift to something or someone, often by bearing the weight or preventing it from falling or collapsing

يدعم, يحمل

يدعم, يحمل

Ex: The wall hold up the heavy bookshelves .
placard
[اسم]

a sign or poster that is usually used for public display, often for advertising or promoting a message or cause

لافتة, لوحة إعلانات

لافتة, لوحة إعلانات

Ex: They placards at the demonstration to encourage people to join the cause .
to listen
[فعل]

to give our attention to the sound a person or thing is making

استمع, أصغِ

استمع, أصغِ

Ex: She likes listen to classical music while studying .
speech
[اسم]

a formal talk about a particular topic given to an audience

خُطبة, حديث

خُطبة, حديث

Ex: He practiced his speech in front of the mirror before the award ceremony .
to shout
[فعل]

to speak loudly, often associated with expressing anger or when you cannot hear what the other person is saying

صَاحَ, هَتَفَ

صَاحَ, هَتَفَ

Ex: When caught in a sudden rainstorm , they shout to communicate over the sound of the pouring rain .
slogan
[اسم]

a short memorable phrase that is used in advertising to draw people's attention toward something

شعار, مقولة

شعار, مقولة

Ex: The environmental groupslogan " Save the Earth , One Step at a Time " resonated deeply with the public during their campaign .
to sign
[فعل]

to write one's name or mark on a document to indicate acceptance, approval, or endorsement of its contents

يوقع, امضى

يوقع, امضى

Ex: Right now , the executive is signing letters for the upcoming mailing .
petition
[اسم]

a written request, signed by a group of people, that asks an organization or government to take a specific action

عريضة, طلب

عريضة, طلب

global
[صفة]

regarding or affecting the entire world

عالمي, كوكبي

عالمي, كوكبي

Ex: The internet global communication and access to information across continents .
issue
[اسم]

problems or difficulties that arise, especially in relation to a service or facility, which require resolution or attention

مشكلة, قضية

مشكلة, قضية

Ex: The bank faced issue with its online banking portal , causing inconvenience to users .
censorship
[اسم]

the act of banning or deleting information that could be valuable to the enemy

الرقابة, المانع

الرقابة, المانع

Ex: Censorship of the media during wartime is common to prevent the enemy from gaining strategic information .
corruption
[اسم]

illegal and dishonest behavior of someone, particularly one who is in a position of power

فساد, إفساد

فساد, إفساد

Ex: He was accused corruption after accepting kickbacks from contractors in exchange for favorable deals .
disease
[اسم]

an illness in a human, animal, or plant that affects health

مرض, داء

مرض, داء

Ex: disease is spreading rapidly through the population .
famine
[اسم]

a situation where there is not enough food that causes hunger and death

مجاعه, فقر غذائي

مجاعه, فقر غذائي

Ex: famine caused great suffering among the population .

a situation in government where no one political party or group has more than half of the total number of seats in the parliament

برلمان مَعلَّق, برلمان غير مُستَقرّ

برلمان مَعلَّق, برلمان غير مُستَقرّ

Ex: The political instability caused by the hung parliament made it challenging to address urgent national issues.
majority
[اسم]

the greater number of votes by which a candidate or party wins an election

أغلبية, فوز

أغلبية, فوز

Ex: To form a government , the party needed to gain majority in the national assembly .
member
[اسم]

someone or something that is in a specific group, club, or organization

عضو, منتسب

عضو, منتسب

Ex: To become member, you need to fill out this application form .

the head of government in parliamentary democracies, who is responsible for leading the government and making important decisions on policies and law-making

رئيس الوزراء, الوزير الأول

رئيس الوزراء, الوزير الأول

Ex: The Prime Minister's term in office ended after a successful vote of no confidence in Parliament.

a system of voting where the number of seats won by a political party or group of candidates is proportional to the number of votes they receive from the electorate

تمثيل نسبي, نظام التمثيل النسبي

تمثيل نسبي, نظام التمثيل النسبي

vote
[اسم]

an official choice made by an individual or a group of people in a meeting or election

صوت, اقتراع

صوت, اقتراع

Ex: The committee conducted vote to decide the winner of the design competition .

any movie, picture, note, etc. designed to promote products or services to the public

إعلان, دعائية

إعلان, دعائية

Ex: The government released advertisement about the importance of vaccinations .
to organize
[فعل]

to put things into a particular order or structure

نظم, رتب

نظم, رتب

Ex: Can you organize the books on the shelf by genre ?

a type of explosive device that derives its destructive power from nuclear reactions

سلاح نووي, قنبلة نووية

سلاح نووي, قنبلة نووية

Ex: Some argue that the presence nuclear weapons has prevented large-scale wars through the concept of deterrence .
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