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Livro Solutions - Intermediário avançado - Unidade 8 - 8A

Aqui você encontrará o vocabulário da Unidade 8 - 8A no livro didático Solutions Upper-Intermediate, como "desigualdade", "globalização", "petição", etc.

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Solutions - Upper-Intermediate
gender inequality
[substantivo]

the unfair treatment of people based on their gender, where one gender, usually women, has fewer rights, opportunities, or resources than the other

desigualdade de gênero, discriminação de gênero

desigualdade de gênero, discriminação de gênero

Ex: Gender inequality is a problem in many workplaces, where men are more likely to be hired for higher-paying jobs.**A desigualdade de género** é um problema em muitos locais de trabalho, onde os homens são mais propensos a serem contratados para empregos melhor remunerados.
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globalization
[substantivo]

the fact that the cultures and economic systems around the world are becoming connected and similar as a result of improvement in communications and development of multinational corporations

globalização,  mundialização

globalização, mundialização

Ex: The cultural influence of Hollywood is a major example of globalization in the entertainment industry .
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global warming
[substantivo]

the increase in the average temperature of the Earth as a result of the greenhouse effect

aquecimento global, mudança climática

aquecimento global, mudança climática

Ex: Global warming threatens ecosystems and wildlife .O **aquecimento global** ameaça ecossistemas e vida selvagem.
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homelessness
[substantivo]

the fact or condition of not having a home

sem-teto, desabrigo

sem-teto, desabrigo

Ex: She dedicated her career to raising awareness about homelessness and advocating for policy changes .Ela dedicou sua carreira a conscientizar sobre a **falta de moradia** e defender mudanças políticas.
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immigration
[substantivo]

the fact or process of coming to another country to permanently live there

imigração

imigração

Ex: After decades of immigration, the neighborhood has become a vibrant , multicultural community .Após décadas de **imigração**, o bairro se tornou uma comunidade multicultural vibrante.
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racism
[substantivo]

harmful or unfair actions, words, or thoughts directed at people of different races, often based on the idea that one’s own race is more intelligent, moral, or worthy

racismo, discriminação racial

racismo, discriminação racial

Ex: Racism in the police force has been a long-standing issue .O **racismo** na força policial tem sido um problema de longa data.
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terrorism
[substantivo]

the act of using violence such as killing people, bombing, etc. to gain political power

terrorismo

terrorismo

Ex: Many countries are strengthening their laws against terrorism to protect national security .Muitos países estão fortalecendo suas leis contra o **terrorismo** para proteger a segurança nacional.
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unemployment
[substantivo]

the state of being without a job

desemprego, sem emprego

desemprego, sem emprego

Ex: Many people faced long-term unemployment during the global financial crisis .Muitas pessoas enfrentaram o **desemprego** de longo prazo durante a crise financeira global.
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campaign
[substantivo]

a series of organized activities that are intended to achieve a particular goal

campanha

campanha

Ex: The vaccination campaign was successful in reaching vulnerable populations and preventing the spread of disease .A **campanha** de vacinação foi bem-sucedida em alcançar populações vulneráveis e prevenir a propagação de doenças.
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sign
[substantivo]

a symbol or letters used in math, music, or other subjects to show an instruction, idea, etc.

sinal, símbolo

sinal, símbolo

Ex: The infinity sign symbolizes something that has no end .O **símbolo** do infinito representa algo que não tem fim.
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to stand
[verbo]

to have a certain opinion regarding an issue

ficar, ser

ficar, ser

Ex: Where do you stand on this issue ?Onde você **se posiciona** nesta questão?
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to support
[verbo]

to provide someone or something with encouragement or help

apoiar,  ajudar

apoiar, ajudar

Ex: The teacher always tries to support her students by offering extra help after class .O professor sempre tenta **apoiar** seus alunos oferecendo ajuda extra após as aulas.
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to vote
[verbo]

to show which candidate one wants to win in an election or which plan one supports, by marking a piece of paper, raising one's hand, etc.

votar, expressar um voto

votar, expressar um voto

Ex: He voted for the first time after turning eighteen .Ele **votou** pela primeira vez depois de completar dezoito anos.
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to write
[verbo]

to make letters, words, or numbers on a surface, usually on a piece of paper, with a pen or pencil

escrever

escrever

Ex: Can you write a note for the delivery person ?Você pode **escrever** um recado para o entregador?
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benefit concert
[substantivo]

a musical performance or event organized to raise money or awareness for a particular cause or charity

concerto beneficente, show beneficente

concerto beneficente, show beneficente

Ex: Tickets for the benefit concert were sold out within hours , with all proceeds going to the homeless shelter .Os ingressos para o **show beneficente** foram esgotados em horas, com toda a renda indo para o abrigo de desabrigados.
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election day
[substantivo]

the day on which citizens of a country go to the polls to cast their vote in an election

dia da eleição, dia eleitoral

dia da eleição, dia eleitoral

Ex: She made sure to arrive early on election day to avoid the afternoon rush at the polls .Ela garantiu que chegaria cedo no **dia da eleição** para evitar a correria da tarde nas urnas.
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interview
[substantivo]

a formal meeting during which a journalist asks a famous person different questions about specific subjects for publication

entrevista,  reportagem

entrevista, reportagem

Ex: The journalist conducted an interview with the politician regarding recent policy changes .O jornalista conduziu uma **entrevista** com o político sobre as recentes mudanças políticas.
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political
[adjetivo]

related to or involving the governance of a country or territory

político

político

Ex: The media plays a crucial role in informing the public about political developments and holding elected officials accountable .A mídia desempenha um papel crucial em informar o público sobre desenvolvimentos **políticos** e em responsabilizar os funcionários eleitos.
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debate
[substantivo]

a discussion about a particular issue between two opposing sides, mainly held publicly

debate

debate

Ex: The debate over healthcare reform continues to be a contentious issue in politics .O **debate** sobre a reforma da saúde continua a ser uma questão controversa na política.
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parliament
[substantivo]

the group of elected representatives whose responsibility is to create, amend, and discuss laws or address political matters

parlamento

parlamento

Ex: The opposition party criticized the government 's policies during the parliament meeting .
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candidate
[substantivo]

someone who is competing in an election or for a job position

candidato, candidata

candidato, candidata

Ex: The candidate promised to tackle climate change if elected .O **candidato** prometeu combater as mudanças climáticas se for eleito.
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coalition
[substantivo]

an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections

coalizão, aliança

coalizão, aliança

Ex: The trade union formed a coalition with student organizations to advocate for better working conditions and affordable education .O sindicato formou uma **coalizão** com organizações estudantis para defender melhores condições de trabalho e educação acessível.
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constituency
[substantivo]

a group of people in a specific area who elect a representative to a legislative position

distrito eleitoral, eleitorado

distrito eleitoral, eleitorado

Ex: A survey was conducted to gauge the opinion of the constituency on the new tax reform .Foi realizada uma pesquisa para avaliar a opinião da **circunscrição** sobre a nova reforma fiscal.
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general election
[substantivo]

a political event in which voters choose their representatives in a government at the national or state level

eleição geral

eleição geral

Ex: The candidate is preparing for a general election campaign that will focus on healthcare reform .O candidato está se preparando para uma **eleição geral** que se concentrará na reforma da saúde.
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protest
[substantivo]

an organized public demonstration expressing strong disapproval of an official policy or action

protesto

protesto

Ex: The community held a peaceful protest to express their concerns about the development plans .A comunidade realizou um **protesto** pacífico para expressar suas preocupações sobre os planos de desenvolvimento.
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to show clearly that something is true or exists by providing proof or evidence

demonstrar, provar

demonstrar, provar

Ex: She demonstrated her leadership abilities by organizing a successful event .Ela **demonstrou** suas habilidades de liderança organizando um evento bem-sucedido.
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to go on
[verbo]

to start operating or functioning

entrar em funcionamento, ligar

entrar em funcionamento, ligar

Ex: The heating system goes on automatically when the temperature drops below a certain level .O sistema de aquecimento **liga** automaticamente quando a temperatura cai abaixo de um certo nível.
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demonstration
[substantivo]

a display of support for or protest against something or someone by a march or public meeting

manifestação

manifestação

Ex: The political party organized a demonstration to protest against corruption in government .O partido político organizou uma **manifestação** para protestar contra a corrupção no governo.
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march
[substantivo]

a formal, organized, and usually ceremonial procession of people, often military personnel, moving in a uniform and rhythmic way

marcha, desfile

marcha, desfile

Ex: The march ended in front of the government building .A **marcha** terminou em frente ao edifício do governo.
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to hold
[verbo]

to organize a specific event, such as a meeting, party, election, etc.

organizar, realizar

organizar, realizar

Ex: The CEO held negotiations with potential investors .O CEO **realizou** negociações com potenciais investidores.
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rally
[substantivo]

a large gathering of the public, especially those supporting a particular political idea or party

comício, manifestação

comício, manifestação

Ex: He was arrested during the rally for protesting against government policies he viewed as unfair .Ele foi preso durante o **comício** por protestar contra as políticas governamentais que considerava injustas.
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to hold up
[verbo]

to provide support or lift to something or someone, often by bearing the weight or preventing it from falling or collapsing

segurar, suportar

segurar, suportar

Ex: The wall can hold up the heavy bookshelves .A parede pode **segurar** as estantes pesadas.
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placard
[substantivo]

a sign or poster that is usually used for public display, often for advertising or promoting a message or cause

placa, cartaz

placa, cartaz

Ex: They handed out placards at the demonstration to encourage people to join the cause .Eles distribuíram **placards** na manifestação para incentivar as pessoas a se juntarem à causa.
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to listen
[verbo]

to give our attention to the sound a person or thing is making

ouvir

ouvir

Ex: She likes to listen to classical music while studying .Ela gosta de **ouvir** música clássica enquanto estuda.
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speech
[substantivo]

a formal talk about a particular topic given to an audience

discurso

discurso

Ex: He practiced his acceptance speech in front of the mirror before the award ceremony .Ele praticou seu **discurso** de aceitação na frente do espelho antes da cerimônia de premiação.
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to shout
[verbo]

to speak loudly, often associated with expressing anger or when you cannot hear what the other person is saying

gritar, berrar

gritar, berrar

Ex: When caught in a sudden rainstorm , they had to shout to communicate over the sound of the pouring rain .Quando pegos por uma chuva repentina, eles tiveram que **gritar** para se comunicar sobre o som da chuva torrencial.
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slogan
[substantivo]

a short memorable phrase that is used in advertising to draw people's attention toward something

slogan, lema

slogan, lema

Ex: The environmental group 's slogan " Save the Earth , One Step at a Time " resonated deeply with the public during their campaign .O **slogan** do grupo ambiental "Salve a Terra, Um Passo de Cada Vez" ressoou profundamente com o público durante sua campanha.
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to sign
[verbo]

to write one's name or mark on a document to indicate acceptance, approval, or endorsement of its contents

assinar

assinar

Ex: Right now , the executive is actively signing letters for the upcoming mailing .No momento, o executivo está ativamente **assinando** cartas para o próximo envio postal.
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petition
[substantivo]

a written request, signed by a group of people, that asks an organization or government to take a specific action

petição, requerimento

petição, requerimento

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global
[adjetivo]

regarding or affecting the entire world

global, mundial

global, mundial

Ex: The internet enables global communication and access to information across continents .A internet permite a comunicação **global** e o acesso à informação através dos continentes.
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issue
[substantivo]

problems or difficulties that arise, especially in relation to a service or facility, which require resolution or attention

problema, dificuldade

problema, dificuldade

Ex: The bank faced an issue with its online banking portal , causing inconvenience to users .O banco enfrentou um **problema** com seu portal de internet banking, causando inconvenientes aos usuários.
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censorship
[substantivo]

the act of banning or deleting information that could be valuable to the enemy

censura, controle da informação

censura, controle da informação

Ex: Censorship of the media during wartime is common to prevent the enemy from gaining strategic information .A **censura** da mídia durante a guerra é comum para impedir que o inimigo obtenha informações estratégicas.
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corruption
[substantivo]

illegal and dishonest behavior of someone, particularly one who is in a position of power

corrupção, suborno

corrupção, suborno

Ex: He was accused of corruption after accepting kickbacks from contractors in exchange for favorable deals .Ele foi acusado de **corrupção** depois de aceitar propinas de contratantes em troca de negócios favoráveis.
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disease
[substantivo]

an illness in a human, animal, or plant that affects health

doença, enfermidade

doença, enfermidade

Ex: The disease is spreading rapidly through the population .A **doença** está se espalhando rapidamente pela população.
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famine
[substantivo]

a situation where there is not enough food that causes hunger and death

fome, escassez de alimentos

fome, escassez de alimentos

Ex: The famine caused great suffering among the population .A **fome** causou grande sofrimento entre a população.
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hung parliament
[substantivo]

a situation in government where no one political party or group has more than half of the total number of seats in the parliament

parlamento pendurado, parlamento sem maioria

parlamento pendurado, parlamento sem maioria

Ex: The political instability caused by the hung parliament made it challenging to address urgent national issues.A instabilidade política causada pelo **parlamento pendurado** tornou desafiador abordar questões nacionais urgentes.
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majority
[substantivo]

the greater number of votes by which a candidate or party wins an election

maioria

maioria

Ex: To form a government , the party needed to gain a majority in the national assembly .Para formar um governo, o partido precisava obter uma **maioria** na assembleia nacional.
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member
[substantivo]

someone or something that is in a specific group, club, or organization

membro, sócio

membro, sócio

Ex: To become a member, you need to fill out this application form .Para se tornar um **membro**, você precisa preencher este formulário de inscrição.
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prime minister
[substantivo]

the head of government in parliamentary democracies, who is responsible for leading the government and making important decisions on policies and law-making

primeiro-ministro, chefe de governo

primeiro-ministro, chefe de governo

Ex: The Prime Minister's term in office ended after a successful vote of no confidence in Parliament.O mandato do **Primeiro-Ministro** terminou após um voto de desconfiança bem-sucedido no Parlamento.
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a system of voting where the number of seats won by a political party or group of candidates is proportional to the number of votes they receive from the electorate

representação proporcional, sistema de representação proporcional

representação proporcional, sistema de representação proporcional

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vote
[substantivo]

an official choice made by an individual or a group of people in a meeting or election

voto

voto

Ex: The committee conducted a vote to decide the winner of the design competition .O comitê realizou uma **votação** para decidir o vencedor do concurso de design.
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advertisement
[substantivo]

any movie, picture, note, etc. designed to promote products or services to the public

publicidade, anúncio

publicidade, anúncio

Ex: The government released an advertisement about the importance of vaccinations .O governo lançou um **anúncio** sobre a importância das vacinações.
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to put things into a particular order or structure

organizar, arrumar

organizar, arrumar

Ex: Can you please organize the books on the shelf by genre ?Você pode por favor **organizar** os livros na prateleira por gênero?
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nuclear weapon
[substantivo]

a type of explosive device that derives its destructive power from nuclear reactions

arma nuclear

arma nuclear

Ex: Some argue that the presence of nuclear weapons has prevented large-scale wars through the concept of deterrence .Alguns argumentam que a presença de **armas nucleares** impediu guerras em grande escala através do conceito de dissuasão.
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