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Aklat Solutions - Itaas na Intermediate - Yunit 8 - 8A

Dito mo makikita ang bokabularyo mula sa Unit 8 - 8A sa Solutions Upper-Intermediate coursebook, tulad ng "inequality", "globalisation", "petition", atbp.

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Solutions - Upper-Intermediate
gender inequality
[Pangngalan]

the unfair treatment of people based on their gender, where one gender, usually women, has fewer rights, opportunities, or resources than the other

hindi pagkakapantay-pantay ng kasarian, diskriminasyon sa kasarian

hindi pagkakapantay-pantay ng kasarian, diskriminasyon sa kasarian

Ex: Gender inequality is a problem in many workplaces, where men are more likely to be hired for higher-paying jobs.Ang **hindi pagkakapantay-pantay ng kasarian** ay isang problema sa maraming lugar ng trabaho, kung saan ang mga lalaki ay mas malamang na ma-hire para sa mas mataas na sahod na trabaho.
globalization
[Pangngalan]

the fact that the cultures and economic systems around the world are becoming connected and similar as a result of improvement in communications and development of multinational corporations

globalisasyon,  pagiging global

globalisasyon, pagiging global

Ex: The cultural influence of Hollywood is a major example of globalization in the entertainment industry .
global warming
[Pangngalan]

the increase in the average temperature of the Earth as a result of the greenhouse effect

global na pag-init, pagbabago ng klima

global na pag-init, pagbabago ng klima

Ex: Global warming threatens ecosystems and wildlife .Ang **global warming** ay nagbabanta sa mga ecosystem at wildlife.
homelessness
[Pangngalan]

the fact or condition of not having a home

kawalan ng tahanan, pagiging walang bahay

kawalan ng tahanan, pagiging walang bahay

Ex: She dedicated her career to raising awareness about homelessness and advocating for policy changes .Inialay niya ang kanyang karera sa pagpapataas ng kamalayan tungkol sa **kawalan ng tirahan** at pagtataguyod ng mga pagbabago sa patakaran.
immigration
[Pangngalan]

the fact or process of coming to another country to permanently live there

imigrasyon

imigrasyon

Ex: After decades of immigration, the neighborhood has become a vibrant , multicultural community .Matapos ang mga dekada ng **imigrasyon**, ang kapitbahayan ay naging isang masigla, multikultural na komunidad.
racism
[Pangngalan]

harmful or unfair actions, words, or thoughts directed at people of different races, often based on the idea that one’s own race is more intelligent, moral, or worthy

rasismo, diskriminasyon sa lahi

rasismo, diskriminasyon sa lahi

Ex: Racism in the police force has been a long-standing issue .Ang **rasismo** sa puwersa ng pulisya ay isang matagal nang isyu.
terrorism
[Pangngalan]

the act of using violence such as killing people, bombing, etc. to gain political power

terorismo

terorismo

Ex: Many countries are strengthening their laws against terrorism to protect national security .Maraming bansa ang nagpapatibay ng kanilang mga batas laban sa **terorismo** upang protektahan ang pambansang seguridad.
unemployment
[Pangngalan]

the state of being without a job

kawalan ng trabaho, walang trabaho

kawalan ng trabaho, walang trabaho

Ex: Many people faced long-term unemployment during the global financial crisis .Maraming tao ang nakaranas ng pangmatagalang **kawalan ng trabaho** sa panahon ng pandaigdigang krisis sa pananalapi.
campaign
[Pangngalan]

a series of organized activities that are intended to achieve a particular goal

kampanya

kampanya

Ex: The vaccination campaign was successful in reaching vulnerable populations and preventing the spread of disease .Ang **kampanya** ng pagbabakuna ay matagumpay sa pag-abot sa mga mahihinang populasyon at pagpigil sa pagkalat ng sakit.
sign
[Pangngalan]

a symbol or letters used in math, music, or other subjects to show an instruction, idea, etc.

sign, simbolo

sign, simbolo

Ex: The infinity sign symbolizes something that has no end .Ang **simbolo** ng infinity ay sumisimbolo sa isang bagay na walang katapusan.
to stand
[Pandiwa]

to have a certain opinion regarding an issue

tumayo, maging

tumayo, maging

Ex: Where do you stand on this issue ?Saan ka **nakatayo** sa isyung ito?
to support
[Pandiwa]

to provide someone or something with encouragement or help

suportahan,  tulungan

suportahan, tulungan

Ex: The teacher always tries to support her students by offering extra help after class .Laging sinusubukan ng guro na **suportahan** ang kanyang mga estudyante sa pamamagitan ng pag-aalok ng karagdagang tulong pagkatapos ng klase.
to vote
[Pandiwa]

to show which candidate one wants to win in an election or which plan one supports, by marking a piece of paper, raising one's hand, etc.

bumoto, maghalal

bumoto, maghalal

Ex: He voted for the first time after turning eighteen .**Bumoto** siya sa unang pagkakataon matapos maglabing-walong taong gulang.
to write
[Pandiwa]

to make letters, words, or numbers on a surface, usually on a piece of paper, with a pen or pencil

sumulat

sumulat

Ex: Can you write a note for the delivery person ?Maaari mo bang **sulatan** ng note ang delivery person?
benefit concert
[Pangngalan]

a musical performance or event organized to raise money or awareness for a particular cause or charity

konsiyertong pangkawanggawa, konsiyerto para sa ampunan

konsiyertong pangkawanggawa, konsiyerto para sa ampunan

Ex: Tickets for the benefit concert were sold out within hours , with all proceeds going to the homeless shelter .Naubos ang mga tiket para sa **benepisyo ng konsyerto** sa loob ng ilang oras, lahat ng kita ay mapupunta sa tirahan ng mga walang tirahan.
election day
[Pangngalan]

the day on which citizens of a country go to the polls to cast their vote in an election

araw ng eleksyon, araw ng pagboto

araw ng eleksyon, araw ng pagboto

Ex: She made sure to arrive early on election day to avoid the afternoon rush at the polls .Tiniyak niyang dumating nang maaga sa **araw ng eleksyon** upang maiwasan ang hapunang pagdagsa sa mga presinto.
interview
[Pangngalan]

a formal meeting during which a journalist asks a famous person different questions about specific subjects for publication

panayam,  interbyu

panayam, interbyu

Ex: The journalist conducted an interview with the politician regarding recent policy changes .Ang mamamahayag ay nagsagawa ng isang **panayam** sa politiko tungkol sa mga kamakailang pagbabago sa patakaran.
political
[pang-uri]

related to or involving the governance of a country or territory

pampulitika

pampulitika

Ex: The media plays a crucial role in informing the public about political developments and holding elected officials accountable .Ang media ay may mahalagang papel sa pagbibigay-alam sa publiko tungkol sa mga **pampulitika** na pag-unlad at sa pagpapanagot sa mga nahalal na opisyal.
debate
[Pangngalan]

a discussion about a particular issue between two opposing sides, mainly held publicly

debate

debate

Ex: The debate over healthcare reform continues to be a contentious issue in politics .Ang **debate** tungkol sa reporma sa pangangalagang pangkalusugan ay patuloy na isang kontrobersyal na isyu sa politika.
parliament
[Pangngalan]

the group of elected representatives whose responsibility is to create, amend, and discuss laws or address political matters

parlyamento

parlyamento

Ex: The opposition party criticized the government 's policies during the parliament meeting .
candidate
[Pangngalan]

someone who is competing in an election or for a job position

kandidato, kandidata

kandidato, kandidata

Ex: The candidate promised to tackle climate change if elected .Ang **kandidato** ay nangakong haharapin ang pagbabago ng klima kung mahahalal.
coalition
[Pangngalan]

an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections

koalisyon, alyansa

koalisyon, alyansa

Ex: The trade union formed a coalition with student organizations to advocate for better working conditions and affordable education .Ang unyon ay bumuo ng **koalisyon** kasama ang mga organisasyon ng mag-aaral upang itaguyod ang mas mahusay na mga kondisyon sa trabaho at abot-kayang edukasyon.
constituency
[Pangngalan]

a group of people in a specific area who elect a representative to a legislative position

distritong elektoral, botante

distritong elektoral, botante

Ex: A survey was conducted to gauge the opinion of the constituency on the new tax reform .Isang survey ang isinagawa upang sukatin ang opinyon ng **constituency** tungkol sa bagong reporma sa buwis.
general election
[Pangngalan]

a political event in which voters choose their representatives in a government at the national or state level

pangkalahatang halalan

pangkalahatang halalan

Ex: The candidate is preparing for a general election campaign that will focus on healthcare reform .Ang kandidato ay naghahanda para sa isang **halalang pangkalahatan** na tututok sa reporma sa pangangalagang pangkalusugan.
protest
[Pangngalan]

an organized public demonstration expressing strong disapproval of an official policy or action

protesta

protesta

Ex: The community held a peaceful protest to express their concerns about the development plans .Ang komunidad ay nagdaos ng mapayapang **protesta** upang ipahayag ang kanilang mga alalahanin tungkol sa mga plano sa pag-unlad.

to show clearly that something is true or exists by providing proof or evidence

ipakita, patunayan

ipakita, patunayan

Ex: She demonstrated her leadership abilities by organizing a successful event .**Ipinaramdam** niya ang kanyang kakayahan sa pamumuno sa pamamagitan ng pag-oorganisa ng isang matagumpay na kaganapan.
to go on
[Pandiwa]

to start operating or functioning

magsimulang gumana, umandar

magsimulang gumana, umandar

Ex: The heating system goes on automatically when the temperature drops below a certain level .Ang sistema ng pag-init ay **awtomatikong nagpapatakbo** kapag ang temperatura ay bumaba sa ibaba ng isang tiyak na antas.
demonstration
[Pangngalan]

a display of support for or protest against something or someone by a march or public meeting

demonstrasyon

demonstrasyon

Ex: The political party organized a demonstration to protest against corruption in government .Ang partidong pampulitika ay nag-organisa ng isang **demonstrasyon** upang magprotesta laban sa katiwalian sa gobyerno.
march
[Pangngalan]

a formal, organized, and usually ceremonial procession of people, often military personnel, moving in a uniform and rhythmic way

martsa, prusisyon

martsa, prusisyon

Ex: The march ended in front of the government building .Ang **martsa** ay nagtapos sa harap ng gusali ng gobyerno.
to hold
[Pandiwa]

to organize a specific event, such as a meeting, party, election, etc.

mag-ayos, magdaos

mag-ayos, magdaos

Ex: The CEO held negotiations with potential investors .Ang CEO ay **nagdaos** ng negosasyon sa mga potensyal na investor.
rally
[Pangngalan]

a large gathering of the public, especially those supporting a particular political idea or party

rally, pagtitipon

rally, pagtitipon

Ex: He was arrested during the rally for protesting against government policies he viewed as unfair .Nahuli siya sa panahon ng **rally** para sa pagprotesta laban sa mga patakaran ng gobyerno na itinuturing niyang hindi patas.
to hold up
[Pandiwa]

to provide support or lift to something or someone, often by bearing the weight or preventing it from falling or collapsing

suportahan, buhatin

suportahan, buhatin

Ex: The wall can hold up the heavy bookshelves .Ang pader ay kayang **suportahan** ang mabibigat na bookshelves.
placard
[Pangngalan]

a sign or poster that is usually used for public display, often for advertising or promoting a message or cause

plakard, poster

plakard, poster

Ex: They handed out placards at the demonstration to encourage people to join the cause .Nagbahagi sila ng **placard** sa demonstrasyon upang hikayatin ang mga tao na sumali sa adhikain.
to listen
[Pandiwa]

to give our attention to the sound a person or thing is making

makinig

makinig

Ex: She likes to listen to classical music while studying .Gusto niyang **makinig** ng classical music habang nag-aaral.
speech
[Pangngalan]

a formal talk about a particular topic given to an audience

talumpati

talumpati

Ex: He practiced his acceptance speech in front of the mirror before the award ceremony .Nagsanay siya ng kanyang **talumpati** ng pagtanggap sa harap ng salamin bago ang seremonya ng parangal.
to shout
[Pandiwa]

to speak loudly, often associated with expressing anger or when you cannot hear what the other person is saying

sumigaw, humiyaw

sumigaw, humiyaw

Ex: When caught in a sudden rainstorm , they had to shout to communicate over the sound of the pouring rain .Nang mahuli sa biglaang pagbuhos ng ulan, kailangan nilang **sumigaw** para makipag-usap sa ingay ng malakas na ulan.
slogan
[Pangngalan]

a short memorable phrase that is used in advertising to draw people's attention toward something

slogan, motto

slogan, motto

Ex: The environmental group 's slogan " Save the Earth , One Step at a Time " resonated deeply with the public during their campaign .Ang **slogan** ng environmental group na "Save the Earth, One Step at a Time" ay malalim na tumimo sa publiko noong kanilang kampanya.
to sign
[Pandiwa]

to write one's name or mark on a document to indicate acceptance, approval, or endorsement of its contents

pumirma

pumirma

Ex: Right now , the executive is actively signing letters for the upcoming mailing .Sa ngayon, aktibong **pumipirma** ang executive ng mga liham para sa darating na mailing.
petition
[Pangngalan]

a written request, signed by a group of people, that asks an organization or government to take a specific action

petisyon, kahilingan

petisyon, kahilingan

global
[pang-uri]

regarding or affecting the entire world

pandaigdig, global

pandaigdig, global

Ex: The internet enables global communication and access to information across continents .Ang internet ay nagbibigay-daan sa **pandaigdigang** komunikasyon at pag-access sa impormasyon sa buong mga kontinente.
issue
[Pangngalan]

problems or difficulties that arise, especially in relation to a service or facility, which require resolution or attention

problema, kahirapan

problema, kahirapan

Ex: The bank faced an issue with its online banking portal , causing inconvenience to users .Ang bangko ay nakaranas ng **problema** sa online banking portal nito, na nagdulot ng abala sa mga gumagamit.
censorship
[Pangngalan]

the act of banning or deleting information that could be valuable to the enemy

sensor, kontrol ng impormasyon

sensor, kontrol ng impormasyon

Ex: Censorship of the media during wartime is common to prevent the enemy from gaining strategic information .Ang **sensor** ng media sa panahon ng digmaan ay karaniwan upang maiwasan ang kaaway na makakuha ng estratehikong impormasyon.
corruption
[Pangngalan]

illegal and dishonest behavior of someone, particularly one who is in a position of power

katiwalian, pagsuhol

katiwalian, pagsuhol

Ex: He was accused of corruption after accepting kickbacks from contractors in exchange for favorable deals .Siya ay inakusahan ng **korupsyon** matapos tumanggap ng mga kickback mula sa mga kontratista bilang kapalit ng mga paborableng deal.
disease
[Pangngalan]

an illness in a human, animal, or plant that affects health

sakit, karamdaman

sakit, karamdaman

Ex: The disease is spreading rapidly through the population .Ang **sakit** ay mabilis na kumakalat sa populasyon.
famine
[Pangngalan]

a situation where there is not enough food that causes hunger and death

taggutom, kakulangan ng pagkain

taggutom, kakulangan ng pagkain

Ex: The famine caused great suffering among the population .Ang **taggutom** ay nagdulot ng malaking paghihirap sa populasyon.
hung parliament
[Pangngalan]

a situation in government where no one political party or group has more than half of the total number of seats in the parliament

bitin na parlamento, parlamentong walang mayorya

bitin na parlamento, parlamentong walang mayorya

Ex: The political instability caused by the hung parliament made it challenging to address urgent national issues.Ang kawalang-tatag sa pulitika na dulot ng **nakabitin na parlyamento** ay naging mahirap tugunan ang mga urgent na pambansang isyu.
majority
[Pangngalan]

the greater number of votes by which a candidate or party wins an election

mayorya

mayorya

Ex: To form a government , the party needed to gain a majority in the national assembly .Upang makabuo ng isang pamahalaan, kailangan ng partido na makakuha ng **mayorya** sa pambansang asamblea.
member
[Pangngalan]

someone or something that is in a specific group, club, or organization

kasapi, miyembro

kasapi, miyembro

Ex: To become a member, you need to fill out this application form .Upang maging isang **miyembro**, kailangan mong punan ang form na ito ng aplikasyon.
prime minister
[Pangngalan]

the head of government in parliamentary democracies, who is responsible for leading the government and making important decisions on policies and law-making

punong ministro, ulo ng pamahalaan

punong ministro, ulo ng pamahalaan

Ex: The Prime Minister's term in office ended after a successful vote of no confidence in Parliament.Natapos ang termino ng **Punong Ministro** sa opisina matapos ang isang matagumpay na boto ng kawalan ng tiwala sa Parlamento.

a system of voting where the number of seats won by a political party or group of candidates is proportional to the number of votes they receive from the electorate

proportional na representasyon, sistema ng proportional na representasyon

proportional na representasyon, sistema ng proportional na representasyon

vote
[Pangngalan]

an official choice made by an individual or a group of people in a meeting or election

boto

boto

Ex: The committee conducted a vote to decide the winner of the design competition .Ang komite ay nagsagawa ng isang **botohan** upang magpasya sa nagwagi sa paligsahan ng disenyo.
advertisement
[Pangngalan]

any movie, picture, note, etc. designed to promote products or services to the public

patalastas, anunsiyo

patalastas, anunsiyo

Ex: The government released an advertisement about the importance of vaccinations .Ang pamahalaan ay naglabas ng isang **advertisement** tungkol sa kahalagahan ng mga bakuna.
to organize
[Pandiwa]

to put things into a particular order or structure

ayusin, organisahin

ayusin, organisahin

Ex: Can you please organize the books on the shelf by genre ?Maaari mo bang **ayusin** ang mga libro sa istante ayon sa genre?
nuclear weapon
[Pangngalan]

a type of explosive device that derives its destructive power from nuclear reactions

sandatang nukleyar

sandatang nukleyar

Ex: Some argue that the presence of nuclear weapons has prevented large-scale wars through the concept of deterrence .Ang ilan ay nagtatalo na ang presensya ng **mga sandatang nukleyar** ay pumigil sa malawakang digmaan sa pamamagitan ng konsepto ng deterrence.
Aklat Solutions - Itaas na Intermediate
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