Solutions - Upper-Intermediate - Unit 8 - 8A

Here you will find the vocabulary from Unit 8 - 8A in the Solutions Upper-Intermediate coursebook, such as "inequality", "globalisation", "petition", etc.

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Solutions - Upper-Intermediate

the unfair treatment of people based on their gender, where one gender, usually women, has fewer rights, opportunities, or resources than the other

Ex: The company is trying to fix gender inequality by promoting more women into senior positions .

the fact that the cultures and economic systems around the world are becoming connected and similar as a result of improvement in communications and development of multinational corporations

Ex: The rise of multinational corporations is one of the most visible effects of globalization .

the increase in the average temperature of the Earth as a result of the greenhouse effect

Ex: Global warming is causing glaciers to melt at an alarming rate .

the fact or condition of not having a home

Ex: The shelter provides food , warmth , and a safe space for those experiencing homelessness .

the fact or process of coming to another country to permanently live there

Ex: She applied for immigration status after marrying a citizen of the country .
racism [noun]

harmful or unfair actions, words, or thoughts directed at people of different races, often based on the idea that one’s own race is more intelligent, moral, or worthy

Ex: His promotion was delayed due to racism in the workplace .

the act of using violence such as killing people, bombing, etc. to gain political power

Ex:

the state of being without a job

Ex: He took on temporary work to make ends meet during a period of unemployment .
campaign [noun]

a series of organized activities that are intended to achieve a particular goal

Ex: The environmental group launched a campaign to reduce plastic waste in oceans .
sign [noun]

a symbol or letters used in math, music, or other subjects to show an instruction, idea, etc.

Ex:
to stand [verb]

to have a certain opinion regarding an issue

Ex: As an advocate for education , she stands for increased funding for schools .

to provide someone or something with encouragement or help

Ex: The government launched new programs to support small businesses during the economic downturn .
to vote [verb]

to show which candidate one wants to win in an election or which plan one supports, by marking a piece of paper, raising one's hand, etc.

Ex: Yesterday , she enthusiastically voted for her preferred candidate .
to write [verb]

to make letters, words, or numbers on a surface, usually on a piece of paper, with a pen or pencil

Ex: They grabbed a marker to write a message on the whiteboard .

a musical performance or event organized to raise money or awareness for a particular cause or charity

Ex: The local community organized a benefit concert to support the victims of the recent flood .

the day on which citizens of a country go to the polls to cast their vote in an election

Ex: The country saw a record turnout of voters on election day .

a formal meeting during which a journalist asks a famous person different questions about specific subjects for publication

Ex: The journalist prepared a list of questions for the interview with the CEO of the company .
political [adjective]

related to or involving the governance of a country or territory

Ex: The political landscape of the country shifted dramatically after the election .
debate [noun]

a discussion about a particular issue between two opposing sides, mainly held publicly

Ex: A heated debate erupted in the council meeting over the proposed budget cuts .

the group of elected representatives whose responsibility is to create, amend, and discuss laws or address political matters

Ex: The prime minister addressed parliament on the country 's economic challenges .

someone who is competing in an election or for a job position

Ex: He is the leading candidate in the race for the university 's student president .

an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections

Ex: The opposition parties formed a coalition to challenge the ruling party in the upcoming elections .

a group of people in a specific area who elect a representative to a legislative position

Ex: She was reelected due to her strong connection with her constituency .

a political event in which voters choose their representatives in a government at the national or state level

Ex: The general election results are expected to bring significant political changes to the region .
protest [noun]

an organized public demonstration expressing strong disapproval of an official policy or action

Ex: A large protest took place downtown , calling for social justice reforms .

to show clearly that something is true or exists by providing proof or evidence

Ex: They demonstrated their commitment to the project by completing it on time .
to go on [verb]

to start operating or functioning

Ex: I waited for the coffee machine to go on and brew a fresh pot .

a display of support for or protest against something or someone by a march or public meeting

Ex: The labor union held a demonstration outside the company headquarters to demand better working conditions .
march [noun]

the act of troops walking with regular, disciplined steps, often over a distance or as part of maneuvers

Ex: The march continued despite the heavy rain .
to hold [verb]

to organize a specific event, such as a meeting, party, election, etc.

Ex: We held a family gathering last weekend .
rally [noun]

a large gathering of the public, especially those supporting a particular political idea or party

Ex: She gave an inspiring speech at the rally , encouraging people to vote in the upcoming election .

to provide support or lift to something or someone, often by bearing the weight or preventing it from falling or collapsing

Ex:
placard [noun]

a sign or poster that is usually used for public display, often for advertising or promoting a message or cause

Ex: She carried a placard with a message calling for environmental protection .

to give our attention to the sound a person or thing is making

Ex: Apologies , I got distracted and was n't listening closely .
speech [noun]

a formal talk about a particular topic given to an audience

Ex: The commencement speech at graduation encouraged students to pursue their dreams .
to shout [verb]

to speak loudly, often associated with expressing anger or when you cannot hear what the other person is saying

Ex: In the bustling marketplace , vendors would often shout to attract customers ' attention to their products .
slogan [noun]

a short memorable phrase that is used in advertising to draw people's attention toward something

Ex: The marketing team spent weeks brainstorming the perfect slogan to capture the essence of their new product .
to sign [verb]

to write one's name or mark on a document to indicate acceptance, approval, or endorsement of its contents

Ex: The artist signed the painting in the bottom right corner .
petition [noun]

a written request, signed by a group of people, that asks an organization or government to take a specific action

Ex: The petition called for stricter laws against plastic pollution .
global [adjective]

regarding or affecting the entire world

Ex: The company operates on a global scale , with offices and operations in multiple countries .
issue [noun]

problems or difficulties that arise, especially in relation to a service or facility, which require resolution or attention

Ex: The hotel management addressed the issue of the malfunctioning air conditioning units .

the act of banning or deleting information that could be valuable to the enemy

Ex: During the revolution , censorship of communication was enforced to prevent the spread of rebellion plans .

illegal and dishonest behavior of someone, particularly one who is in a position of power

Ex: Many citizens took to the streets to protest against corruption in the local government .
disease [noun]

an illness in a human, animal, or plant that affects health

Ex: She campaigns for awareness of the disease .
famine [noun]

a situation where there is not enough food that causes hunger and death

Ex: The drought led to a severe famine in the region .

a situation in government where no one political party or group has more than half of the total number of seats in the parliament

Ex: The last election resulted in a hung parliament , forcing the two main parties to discuss forming a coalition .
majority [noun]

the greater number of votes by which a candidate or party wins an election

Ex: The majority ensured that the bill passed easily through the legislative process .
member [noun]

someone or something that is in a specific group, club, or organization

Ex: He 's a member of an online gaming group .

the head of government in parliamentary democracies, who is responsible for leading the government and making important decisions on policies and law-making

Ex:

a system of voting where the number of seats won by a political party or group of candidates is proportional to the number of votes they receive from the electorate

vote [noun]

an official choice made by an individual or a group of people in a meeting or election

Ex: The referendum resulted in a close vote on the new school funding measure .

any movie, picture, note, etc. designed to promote products or services to the public

Ex: She saw an advertisement for a job vacancy in the local newspaper .

to put things into a particular order or structure

Ex: They recently organized the kitchen cabinets to maximize storage space .

a type of explosive device that derives its destructive power from nuclear reactions

Ex: Nations are continually debating how to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons to unstable regions .