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Vocabulario Esencial para el GRE - El Mundo Literario

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre literatura, como "novella", "limerick", "depict", etc. que se necesitan para el examen GRE.

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Essential Words Needed for the GRE
novella
novella
[Sustantivo]

a work of fiction with an intermediate length, which could be considered a short novel

novela corta

novela corta

Ex: He spent months writing a novella to capture the essence of his complex plot. 

Pasó meses escribiendo una novela corta para capturar la esencia de su trama compleja.

epic
epic
[Sustantivo]

a long poem in narrative form giving an account of the extraordinary deeds and adventures of a nation's heroes or legends

epopeya

epopeya

Ex: The film adaptation captured the grandeur of the medieval epic. 

La adaptación cinematográfica capturó la grandeza de la épica medieval.

chronicle
chronicle
[Sustantivo]

a historical account of events presented in chronological order

crónica

crónica

Ex: She read a chronicle of the city’s development over the last century. 

Ella leyó una crónica del desarrollo de la ciudad durante el último siglo.

ode
ode
[Sustantivo]

a lyric poem, written in varied or irregular metrical form, for a particular object, person, or concept

oda

oda

Ex: The classical musician performed a musical rendition of the famous ode. 

El músico clásico interpretó una versión musical de la famosa oda.

parody
parody
[Sustantivo]

a piece of writing, music, etc. that imitates the style of someone else in a humorous way

parodia

parodia

Ex: The film was a parody of superhero movies, poking fun at the genre's clichés and over-the-top action scenes. 

La película era una parodia de las películas de superhéroes, burlándose de los clichés del género y de las escenas de acción exageradas.

fable
fable
[Sustantivo]

a short story on morality with animal characters

fábula

fábula

Ex: The fable of "The Lion and the Mouse" illustrates the importance of kindness and reciprocity, no matter one's size or stature. 
parable
parable
[Sustantivo]

a short, simple story that teaches a moral lesson

parábola

parábola

Ex: The parable illustrates how greed can lead to ruin. 

La parábola ilustra cómo la codicia puede llevar a la ruina.

haiku
haiku
[Sustantivo]

a Japanese poem with three unrhymed lines that have five, seven and five syllables each

haiku

haiku

Ex: Students learned to compose a haiku during their literature class. 

Los estudiantes aprendieron a componer un haiku durante su clase de literatura.

epigram
epigram
[Sustantivo]

a short poem or phrase that expresses a single thought satirically, often ending in a clever or humorous way

epigrama

epigrama

Ex: The poet's epigram cleverly highlighted the absurdity of the political situation. 

El epigrama del poeta destacó hábilmente el absurdo de la situación política.

saga
saga
[Sustantivo]

a long story of heroic actions and bravery in old Norse or Icelandic in the Middle Ages, or a modern narrative resembling such a narrative

saga

saga

Ex: He read a saga about a legendary Icelandic warrior who conquered vast lands. 

Leyó una saga sobre un legendario guerrero islandés que conquistó vastas tierras.

epigraph
epigraph
[Sustantivo]

a quotation or phrase placed at the beginning of a book, chapter, or other written work, often to suggest a theme or context

epígrafe

epígrafe

Ex: The chapter's epigraph hinted at the conflict to come. 

La epígrafe del capítulo insinuaba el conflicto que se avecinaba.

limerick
limerick
[Sustantivo]

a humorous poem of five anapestic lines with a rhyme scheme of AABBA

quintilla jocosa

quintilla jocosa

Ex: The children giggled at the silly limerick read by their teacher. 

Los niños se rieron del limerick tonto que leyó su profesor.

lyricism
lyricism
[Sustantivo]

the creative and imaginative expression of powerful feelings in art, poetry, music, etc.

lirismo

lirismo

Ex: The novel's lyricism captured the beauty and pain of love. 

El lirismo de la novela capturó la belleza y el dolor del amor.

prose
prose
[Sustantivo]

spoken or written language in its usual form, in contrast to poetry

prosa

prosa

Ex: The professor's lectures were known for their eloquent prose, captivating students with their rich language and depth of insight. 

Las conferencias del profesor eran conocidas por su prosa elocuente, cautivando a los estudiantes con su lenguaje rico y profundidad de insight.

oeuvre
oeuvre
[Sustantivo]

the collection of artistic or literary works produced by a particular painter, author, etc.

obra completa

obra completa

Ex: Critics often compare his latest film to his earlier works, examining how it fits within his broader oeuvre. 

Los críticos a menudo comparan su última película con sus trabajos anteriores, examinando cómo encaja en su obra más amplia.

motif
motif
[Sustantivo]

a subject, idea, or phrase that is repeatedly used in a literary work

tema, motivo

tema, motivo

Ex: Through the motif of the "fall from grace," the author explores the consequences of hubris and the fragility of human ambition. 

A través del motivo de la "caída de la gracia", el autor explora las consecuencias de la hibris y la fragilidad de la ambición humana.

characterization
characterization
[Sustantivo]

the way in which characters in a movie, book, etc. are created and represented by a writer

caracterización

caracterización

Ex: The film director used subtle visual cues and nuanced performances to achieve rich characterization in the movie, allowing viewers to connect with the characters on a deeper level. 
antagonist
antagonist
[Sustantivo]

villainous character who strongly opposes another person or thing

antagonista

antagonista

Ex: The antagonist's motivations were complex, driven by a deep-seated desire for power and revenge against the protagonist. 

Las motivaciones del antagonista eran complejas, impulsadas por un deseo arraigado de poder y venganza contra el protagonista.

protagonist
protagonist
[Sustantivo]

the main character in a movie, novel, TV show, etc.

protagonista

protagonista

Ex: The protagonist's internal conflict drives the narrative forward as they grapple with difficult choices and confront their own flaws and insecurities. 

El conflicto interno del protagonista impulsa la narrativa hacia adelante mientras lidia con decisiones difíciles y enfrenta sus propios defectos e inseguridades.

to abridge
to abridge
[Verbo]

to make a book, play, etc. short by omitting the details and including the main parts

compendiar

compendiar

Ex: The team was abridging the manuscript when the deadline was moved up. 

El equipo estaba abreviando el manuscrito cuando la fecha límite se adelantó.

to depict
to depict
[Verbo]

to describe a specific subject, scene, person, etc.

describir

describir

Ex: The film was depicting life in the 18th century when the power went out. 

La película representaba la vida en el siglo XVIII cuando se fue la luz.

addendum
addendum
[Sustantivo]

a section of additional material that is usually added at the end of a book

apéndice, adenda

apéndice, adenda

Ex: The addendum corrected a minor error found in the main text of the book. 

El addendum corrigió un pequeño error encontrado en el texto principal del libro.

foreword
foreword
[Sustantivo]

a short introductory section at the beginning of a book, usually written by someone other than the author

prólogo

prólogo

Ex: The foreword provided insights into the author's inspiration for the novel. 

El prólogo proporcionó información sobre la inspiración del autor para la novela.

afterword
afterword
[Sustantivo]

a part at the end of a book including some final words that may not be written by the author

epílogo

epílogo

Ex: The afterword included a brief history of the book's publication journey. 

El epílogo incluía una breve historia del viaje de publicación del libro.

stanza
stanza
[Sustantivo]

a series of lines in a poem, usually with recurring rhyme scheme and meter

estrofa

estrofa

Ex: She analyzed the stanza to understand its symbolic meaning. 

Ella analizó la estrofa para comprender su significado simbólico.

verse
verse
[Sustantivo]

a set of words that usually have a rhythmic pattern

verso

verso

Ex: Memorizing a favorite verse can provide comfort during difficult times, serving as a source of inspiration and strength. 

Memorizar un verso favorito puede proporcionar consuelo en tiempos difíciles, sirviendo como fuente de inspiración y fuerza.

sonnet
sonnet
[Sustantivo]

a verse of Italian origin that has 14 lines, usually in an iambic pentameter and a prescribed rhyme scheme

soneto

soneto

Ex: The poet recited a classic sonnet by Shakespeare during the literary evening. 

El poeta recitó un soneto clásico de Shakespeare durante la velada literaria.

gripping
gripping
[Adjetivo]

exciting and intriguing in a way that attracts one's attention

apasionante, absorbente

apasionante, absorbente

Ex: The documentary offered a gripping account of the rescue mission, capturing the tension and drama of the harrowing ordeal. 

El documental ofreció un relato cautivador de la misión de rescate, capturando la tensión y el drama de la dura experiencia.

concise
concise
[Adjetivo]

giving a lot of information briefly and clearly

conciso

conciso

Ex: The newscaster delivered the headlines in a concise manner. 

El locutor entregó los titulares de manera concisa.

canonical
canonical
[Adjetivo]

(of an author or literary work) accepted as highly acclaimed authors or pieces of literature, which are collectively referred to as the literary canon

canónico

canónico

Ex: Critics debated whether the new author's groundbreaking novel would eventually be recognized as part of the literary canon and achieve canonical status. 

Los críticos debatieron si la innovadora novela del nuevo autor eventualmente sería reconocida como parte del canon literario y alcanzaría un estatus canónico.

flowery
flowery
[Adjetivo]

(of writing or speech) full of literary or complicated words and phrases

florido

florido

Ex: The poet’s flowery language added a sense of grandeur to the verses. 

El lenguaje florido del poeta añadió un sentido de grandeza a los versos.

mannered
mannered
[Adjetivo]

behaving in an artificial way that is too formal, trying to impress others

amanerado

amanerado

Ex: She found his mannered behavior at the party to be quite pretentious. 

Ella encontró su comportamiento amanirado en la fiesta bastante pretencioso.

raunchy
raunchy
[Adjetivo]

sexually explicit or morally obscene

atrevido, picante

atrevido, picante

Ex: The novel’s raunchy language made it unsuitable for younger readers. 

El lenguaje obsceno de la novela la hacía inapropiada para los lectores más jóvenes.

highbrow
highbrow
[Adjetivo]

scholarly and highly interested in cultural or artistic matters

intelectual, culto

intelectual, culto

Ex: The university's highbrow seminar focused on advanced theories in quantum physics. 

El seminario intelectual de la universidad se centró en teorías avanzadas de física cuántica.

sequel
sequel
[Sustantivo]

a book, movie, play, etc. that continues and extends the story of an earlier one

secuela, continuación

secuela, continuación

Ex: The sequel picked up right where the first book left off, continuing the protagonist's journey with new challenges and adventures. 

La secuela retomó justo donde terminó el primer libro, continuando el viaje del protagonista con nuevos desafíos y aventuras.

codex
codex
[Sustantivo]

an ancient book, written by hand, especially of scriptures, classics, etc.

códice

códice

Ex: The codex was carefully preserved in a climate-controlled vault to prevent further deterioration of its delicate parchment pages. 

El codex fue cuidadosamente preservado en una bóveda con control climático para prevenir un mayor deterioro de sus delicadas páginas de pergamino.

ghostwriter
ghostwriter
[Sustantivo]

an author whose work is published under someone else's name

negro

negro

Ex: The ghostwriter received credit in the acknowledgments section of the book. 

El negro literario recibió crédito en la sección de agradecimientos del libro.

humorist
humorist
[Sustantivo]

someone who is known for writing or telling humorous stories or jokes about real people and events

humorista

humorista

Ex: The humorist’s show cleverly critiqued the latest fashion trends with biting humor. 

El espectáculo del humorista criticó inteligentemente las últimas tendencias de la moda con un humor mordaz.

tragedian
tragedian
[Sustantivo]

a playwright who writes tragedies

trágico, escritor de tragedias

trágico, escritor de tragedias

Ex: She aspired to become a tragedian and wrote several plays about human suffering. 

Ella aspiraba a convertirse en una tragediógrafa y escribió varias obras sobre el sufrimiento humano.

man of letters
man of letters
[Sustantivo]

a male literary author or scholar

persona culta, persona letrada

persona culta, persona letrada

Ex: The lecture was delivered by a distinguished man of letters from Oxford. 

La conferencia fue impartida por un distinguido hombre de letras de Oxford.

satirist
satirist
[Sustantivo]

a person who writes or uses satires in order to criticize or humor someone or something

satírico, escritor de sátiras

satírico, escritor de sátiras

Ex: Many consider Jonathan Swift a master satirist for his work "Gulliver's Travels." 

Muchos consideran a Jonathan Swift un maestro satírico por su obra "Los viajes de Gulliver".

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