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Mahalagang Bokabularyo para sa GRE - Lahat Tungkol sa Panitikan

Dito matututunan mo ang ilang mga salitang Ingles tungkol sa panitikan, tulad ng "maikling nobela", "tula", "ilarawan", atbp. na kailangan para sa pagsusulit na GRE.

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Simulan ang pag-aaral
Essential Words Needed for the GRE
novella
novella
[Pangngalan]

a work of fiction with an intermediate length, which could be considered a short novel

maikling nobela, nobela

maikling nobela, nobela

Ex: The author released a novella that explored themes of love and loss. 

Inilabas ng may-akda ang isang maikling nobela na tinalakay ang mga tema ng pag-ibig at pagkawala.

epic
epic
[Pangngalan]

a long poem in narrative form giving an account of the extraordinary deeds and adventures of a nation's heroes or legends

epiko, tulang epiko

epiko, tulang epiko

Ex: The Iliad is one of the greatest epics of ancient Greek literature. 

Ang Iliad ay isa sa pinakadakilang epiko ng sinaunang panitikang Griyego.

chronicle
chronicle
[Pangngalan]

a historical account of events presented in chronological order

kronika, talaan ng mga pangyayari

kronika, talaan ng mga pangyayari

Ex: The historian wrote a detailed chronicle of the medieval period. 

Ang mananalaysay ay sumulat ng isang detalyadong kronika ng panahong medyebal.

ode
ode
[Pangngalan]

a lyric poem, written in varied or irregular metrical form, for a particular object, person, or concept

ode, tulang liriko

ode, tulang liriko

Ex: The poet wrote an ode to celebrate the beauty of nature. 

Ang makata ay sumulat ng isang oda upang ipagdiwang ang kagandahan ng kalikasan.

parody
parody
[Pangngalan]

a piece of writing, music, etc. that imitates the style of someone else in a humorous way

parodya, pang-uyam na panggagaya

parodya, pang-uyam na panggagaya

Ex: The comedian's parody of the popular song went viral, making people laugh with its clever and humorous lyrics. 

Ang parodya ng komedyante ng sikat na kanta ay naging viral, na pinatawa ang mga tao sa matalino at nakakatawang mga liriko nito.

fable
fable
[Pangngalan]

a short story on morality with animal characters

pabula, kuwentong may aral

pabula, kuwentong may aral

Ex: The fable of "The Tortoise and the Hare" teaches us that slow and steady wins the race. 
parable
parable
[Pangngalan]

a short, simple story that teaches a moral lesson

talinghaga, parabula

talinghaga, parabula

Ex: Children enjoy parables because they blend storytelling with moral lessons. 

Natutuwa ang mga bata sa mga talinghaga dahil pinagsasama nila ang pagsasalaysay ng kuwento sa mga araling moral.

haiku
haiku
[Pangngalan]

a Japanese poem with three unrhymed lines that have five, seven and five syllables each

haiku, tula haiku

haiku, tula haiku

Ex: She wrote a haiku about the changing seasons. 

Sumulat siya ng haiku tungkol sa pagbabago ng mga panahon.

epigram
epigram
[Pangngalan]

a short poem or phrase that expresses a single thought satirically, often ending in a clever or humorous way

epigram, matalinghagang salita

epigram, matalinghagang salita

Ex: Oscar Wilde's epigram, "I can resist everything except temptation," is widely quoted. 

Ang epigram ni Oscar Wilde, "Kaya kong labanan ang lahat maliban sa tukso," ay malawakang kinukuha.

saga
saga
[Pangngalan]

a long story of heroic actions and bravery in old Norse or Icelandic in the Middle Ages, or a modern narrative resembling such a narrative

saga, epiko

saga, epiko

Ex: The ancient saga of Beowulf recounts the hero's battles with formidable monsters. 

Ang sinaunang saga ng Beowulf ay naglalahad ng mga laban ng bayani laban sa mga nakakatakot na halimaw.

epigraph
epigraph
[Pangngalan]

a quotation or phrase placed at the beginning of a book, chapter, or other written work, often to suggest a theme or context

epigraph, panimulang sipi

epigraph, panimulang sipi

Ex: The novel opens with an epigraph from T.S. Eliot. 

Ang nobela ay nagsisimula sa isang epigraph mula kay T.S. Eliot.

limerick
limerick
[Pangngalan]

a humorous poem of five anapestic lines with a rhyme scheme of AABBA

isang limerick, isang nakakatawang tula na may limang taludtod

isang limerick, isang nakakatawang tula na may limang taludtod

Ex: She wrote a clever limerick for the poetry contest. 

Sumulat siya ng isang matalinong limerick para sa paligsahan ng tula.

lyricism
lyricism
[Pangngalan]

the creative and imaginative expression of powerful feelings in art, poetry, music, etc.

lirismo

lirismo

Ex: The poet's lyricism brought a deep emotional resonance to her verses. 

Ang lirismo ng makata ay nagdala ng malalim na emosyonal na resonance sa kanyang mga taludtod.

prose
prose
[Pangngalan]

spoken or written language in its usual form, in contrast to poetry

prosa

prosa

Ex: Her writing style is characterized by clear and concise prose, making her novels accessible to a wide audience. 
oeuvre
oeuvre
[Pangngalan]

the collection of artistic or literary works produced by a particular painter, author, etc.

akda

akda

Ex: The museum's retrospective showcased the entire oeuvre of the renowned painter, highlighting his evolution over four decades. 

Ang retrospective ng museo ay nagtanghal ng buong oeuvre ng kilalang pintor, na nagha-highlight sa kanyang ebolusyon sa loob ng apat na dekada.

motif
motif
[Pangngalan]

a subject, image, idea, or phrase that recurs in a literary work

motif, tema

motif, tema

Ex: Exile is a recurring motif in several of the author's novels. 
characterization
characterization
[Pangngalan]

the way in which characters in a movie, book, etc. are created and represented by a writer

pagpapakilala ng tauhan, paglarawan ng tauhan

pagpapakilala ng tauhan, paglarawan ng tauhan

Ex: The author's skillful characterization brought the protagonist to life, making the reader empathize with her struggles and triumphs. 
antagonist
antagonist
[Pangngalan]

villainous character who strongly opposes another person or thing

antagonista, kalaban

antagonista, kalaban

Ex: The antagonist in the novel was a cunning and ruthless villain, determined to thwart the protagonist's plans at every turn. 

Ang antagonista sa nobela ay isang tuso at walang awang kontrabida, determinado na hadlangan ang mga plano ng bida sa bawat pagkakataon.

protagonist
protagonist
[Pangngalan]

the main character in a movie, novel, TV show, etc.

pangunahing tauhan, protagonista

pangunahing tauhan, protagonista

Ex: The protagonist of the novel is a young orphan who embarks on a journey of self-discovery and adventure. 

Ang pangunahing tauhan ng nobela ay isang batang ulila na naglalakbay para sa pagtuklas sa sarili at pakikipagsapalaran.

to abridge
to abridge
[Pandiwa]

to make a book, play, etc. short by omitting the details and including the main parts

paikliin

paikliin

Ex: The play was abridged for the school performance, focusing on the key scenes. 

Ang dula ay pinaikli para sa pagtatanghal sa paaralan, na nakatuon sa mga pangunahing eksena.

to depict
to depict
[Pandiwa]

to describe or portray someone or something in words, a story, film, or other form of expression

Ex: The novel depicts life in a small coastal town. 
addendum
addendum
[Pangngalan]

a section of additional material that is usually added at the end of a book

addendum, dagdag

addendum, dagdag

Ex: The book included an addendum with updated statistics on the topic. 

Ang libro ay may kasamang addendum na may mga na-update na istatistika sa paksa.

foreword
foreword
[Pangngalan]

a short introductory section at the beginning of a book, usually written by someone other than the author

paunang salita, prologo

paunang salita, prologo

Ex: The book's foreword was written by a renowned scholar in the field. 

Ang paunang salita ng libro ay isinulat ng isang kilalang iskolar sa larangan.

afterword
afterword
[Pangngalan]

a part at the end of a book including some final words that may not be written by the author

pangwakas, huling salita

pangwakas, huling salita

Ex: The afterword offered insights from the editor about the book's impact. 

Ang pangwakas na salita ay nagbigay ng mga pananaw mula sa editor tungkol sa epekto ng libro.

stanza
stanza
[Pangngalan]

a series of lines in a poem, usually with recurring rhyme scheme and meter

saknong, tudling

saknong, tudling

Ex: The poem was structured with four stanzas, each following a different theme. 

Ang tula ay istrukturado sa apat na saknong, bawat isa ay sumusunod sa iba't ibang tema.

verse
verse
[Pangngalan]

a poem or short piece of poetry

taludtod,  saknong

taludtod, saknong

Ex: She opened the ceremony by reading a short verse. 
sonnet
sonnet
[Pangngalan]

a verse of Italian origin that has 14 lines, usually in an iambic pentameter and a prescribed rhyme scheme

soneto, tula na may labing-apat na taludtod

soneto, tula na may labing-apat na taludtod

Ex: He struggled to fit his thoughts into the strict format of a sonnet. 

Nahirapan siyang iakma ang kanyang mga iniisip sa mahigpit na anyo ng isang soneto.

gripping
gripping
[pang-uri]

exciting and intriguing in a way that attracts one's attention

nakakabighani, kapanapanabik

nakakabighani, kapanapanabik

Ex: The gripping novel kept me on the edge of my seat, unable to put it down until I reached the last page. 
concise
concise
[pang-uri]

giving a lot of information briefly and clearly

maikli, malinaw at maigsi

maikli, malinaw at maigsi

Ex: She gave a concise summary of the meeting's key points. 

Nagbigay siya ng maikling buod ng mga pangunahing punto ng pulong.

canonical
canonical
[pang-uri]

(of an author or literary work) accepted as highly acclaimed authors or pieces of literature, which are collectively referred to as the literary canon

kanonikal

kanonikal

Ex: Jane Austen's novels are considered part of the canonical literature of English literature, studied and revered by scholars and readers alike. 

Ang mga nobela ni Jane Austen ay itinuturing na bahagi ng kanonikal na panitikan ng panitikang Ingles, pinag-aaralan at iginagalang ng mga iskolar at mambabasa.

flowery
flowery
[pang-uri]

(of writing or speech) full of literary or complicated words and phrases

bulaklakin, masalimuot

bulaklakin, masalimuot

Ex: The professor's speech was so flowery that it obscured the main points. 

Ang talumpati ng propesor ay napaka-bulaklak na ito ay naglihim sa mga pangunahing punto.

mannered
mannered
[pang-uri]

behaving in an artificial way that is too formal, trying to impress others

artipisyal, pakitang-tao

artipisyal, pakitang-tao

Ex: His mannered speech made him seem distant and insincere. 

Ang kanyang nakagawian na pananalita ay nagpakitang siya ay malayo at hindi tapat.

raunchy
raunchy
[pang-uri]

sexually explicit or morally obscene

malaswa, bastos

malaswa, bastos

Ex: The movie was criticized for its raunchy scenes and explicit content. 

Ang pelikula ay kinritisismo dahil sa mga malaswa nitong eksena at tahasang nilalaman.

highbrow
highbrow
[pang-uri]

scholarly and highly interested in cultural or artistic matters

intelektuwal, mataas ang pag-iisip

intelektuwal, mataas ang pag-iisip

Ex: The film festival attracted a highbrow audience eager for independent films. 

Ang film festival ay nakakaakit ng isang matalinong madla na sabik sa mga independent films.

sequel
sequel
[Pangngalan]

a book, movie, play, etc. that continues and extends the story of an earlier one

karugtong

karugtong

Ex: The highly anticipated sequel to the bestselling novel was released to critical acclaim. 

Ang labis na inaasahang sequel ng pinakamabentang nobela ay inilabas na may papuri mula sa mga kritiko.

codex
codex
[Pangngalan]

an ancient book, written by hand, especially of scriptures, classics, etc.

codex, sinaunang aklat na manuskrito

codex, sinaunang aklat na manuskrito

Ex: The museum's prized exhibit is an illuminated codex from the medieval period, featuring intricately detailed illustrations and calligraphy. 

Ang pinakamahalagang eksibit ng museo ay isang naiilaw na codex mula sa panahon ng medyebal, na nagtatampok ng masalimuot na detalyadong mga ilustrasyon at kaligrapya.

ghostwriter
ghostwriter
[Pangngalan]

an author whose work is published under someone else's name

manggagawang ghostwriter, manunulat na multo

manggagawang ghostwriter, manunulat na multo

Ex: The celebrity hired a ghostwriter to pen their memoirs. 

Ang sikat na tao ay umarkila ng ghostwriter para isulat ang kanilang mga alaala.

humorist
humorist
[Pangngalan]

someone who is known for writing or telling humorous stories or jokes about real people and events

humorista, komedyante

humorista, komedyante

Ex: The humorist used exaggerated scenarios to poke fun at modern technology. 

Ginamit ng humorist ang mga eksaheradong senaryo para pagtawanan ang modernong teknolohiya.

tragedian
tragedian
[Pangngalan]

a playwright who writes tragedies

mandudula ng trahedya

mandudula ng trahedya

Ex: The ancient Greek tragedian Sophocles is known for his masterpiece, "Oedipus Rex." 

Ang sinaunang Greek tragedian na si Sophocles ay kilala sa kanyang obra maestra, «Oedipus Rex».

man of letters
man of letters
[Pangngalan]

a male literary author or scholar

tao ng mga titik, iskolar

tao ng mga titik, iskolar

Ex: The renowned poet was considered a true man of letters in his time. 

Ang bantog na makata ay itinuturing na isang tunay na lalaki ng mga titik sa kanyang panahon.

satirist
satirist
[Pangngalan]

a person who writes or uses satires in order to criticize or humor someone or something

satirista

satirista

Ex: The satirist's latest column humorously critiqued political leaders. 

Ang pinakabagong kolum ng satirist ay nakakatawang sinuri ang mga lider pampulitika.

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