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Salud y Enfermedad - Tipos de Lesiones

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con diferentes tipos de lesiones como "moretón", "fractura" y "esguince".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
accident
accident
[Sustantivo]

an unexpected and unpleasant event that happens by chance, usually causing damage or injury

accidente

accidente

Ex: The factory made rules to stop accidents and keep workers safe. 

La fábrica estableció reglas para evitar accidentes y mantener a los trabajadores seguros.

bite
bite
[Sustantivo]

a wound or injury inflicted by the teeth of an animal

mordedura

mordedura

Ex: He went to the doctor to treat a bite from a venomous snake. 

Fue al médico para tratar una mordedura de una serpiente venenosa.

black eye
black eye
[Sustantivo]

an area of bruised skin surrounding the eye caused by a blow or injury

ojo morado, ojo moro

ojo morado, ojo moro

Ex: After the accident, the airbag deployed with such force that it gave the driver a black eye. 

Después del accidente, el airbag se desplegó con tanta fuerza que le dio al conductor un ojo morado.

break
break
[Sustantivo]

a fracture in bone or other hard tissue

fractura, rotura

fractura, rotura

Ex: Doctors treated the break with a cast. 

Los médicos trataron la fractura con un yeso.

bruise
bruise
[Sustantivo]

an injury on the skin that appears as a dark mark, caused by a blow involving the rupture of vessels underneath

moradura

moradura

Ex: She applied ice to the bruise on her leg to reduce swelling and alleviate some of the pain from the impact. 

Aplicó hielo en el moretón de su pierna para reducir la hinchazón y aliviar parte del dolor del impacto.

wound
wound
[Sustantivo]

an injury inflicted on the body especially one that seriously damages the skin or the flesh

herida

herida

Ex: The knife left a small but painful wound on his hand. 

El cuchillo dejó una pequeña pero dolorosa herida en su mano.

scrape
scrape
[Sustantivo]

a minor injury where the top layer of skin gets rubbed or scratched off

rasguño, arañazo

rasguño, arañazo

Ex: His face had a noticeable scrape from the playground accident. 

Su rostro tenía un rasguño notable por el accidente en el patio de recreo.

sprain
sprain
[Sustantivo]

a painful injury resulting in the sudden twist of a bone or joint, particularly one's wrist or ankles

esguince, torcedura

esguince, torcedura

Ex: Rest and ice are important for recovery from a sprain, along with gentle stretching exercises. 

El descanso y el hielo son importantes para la recuperación de un esguince, junto con ejercicios de estiramiento suaves.

fracture
fracture
[Sustantivo]

a crack or break in a bone or other hard substance

fractura

fractura

Ex: Symptoms of a fracture include pain, swelling, bruising, and difficulty moving the injured area. 

Los síntomas de una fractura incluyen dolor, hinchazón, moretones y dificultad para mover el área lesionada.

stress fracture
stress fracture
[Sustantivo]

a small crack in a bone, typically caused by repetitive stress or overuse of the affected area

fractura por estrés, fisura por fatiga

fractura por estrés, fisura por fatiga

Ex: He had to take a break from basketball to allow a stress fracture in his ankle to heal. 

Tuvo que tomar un descanso del baloncesto para permitir que una fractura por estrés en su tobillo sanara.

compound fracture
compound fracture
[Sustantivo]

a bone break that involves the bone piercing through the skin

fractura abierta, fractura compuesta

fractura abierta, fractura compuesta

Ex: She winced in pain as the paramedics treated the compound fracture on her leg. 

Ella hizo una mueca de dolor mientras los paramédicos trataban la fractura compuesta en su pierna.

bump
bump
[Sustantivo]

a swelling on the body caused by illness or injury

bulto, chichón

bulto, chichón

Ex: She noticed a small bump on her arm after the insect bite. 

Ella notó un pequeño bulto en su brazo después de la picadura de insecto.

burn
burn
[Sustantivo]

a mark or injury that is caused by exposure to fire, acid, heat, etc.

quemadura, marca de quemadura

quemadura, marca de quemadura

lesion
lesion
[Sustantivo]

an injury or wound to living tissue, often involving a cut, break, or trauma to the skin

lesión, herida

lesión, herida

Ex: Lesions caused by burns can take weeks to heal. 

Las lesiones causadas por quemaduras pueden tardar semanas en sanar.

rupture
rupture
[Sustantivo]

a severe injury that causes an internal organ or soft tissue to break or tear suddenly

ruptura, hernia

ruptura, hernia

Ex: Severe coughing fits can lead to a lung rupture, resulting in difficulty breathing. 

Los ataques de tos severos pueden provocar una ruptura pulmonar, lo que resulta en dificultad para respirar.

first-degree burn
first-degree burn
[Sustantivo]

a mild burn that only affects the outer layer of the skin

quemadura de primer grado

quemadura de primer grado

second-degree burn
second-degree burn
[Sustantivo]

a burn that affects the first and second layers of the skin and appears red, blistered, and can be swollen and extremely painful

quemadura de segundo grado

quemadura de segundo grado

third-degree burn
third-degree burn
[Sustantivo]

a deep and severe burn, caused by contact with heat, radiation, or chemicals, that destroys both epidermis and dermis

quemadura de tercer grado

quemadura de tercer grado

hobble
hobble
[Sustantivo]

the act of walking with difficulty or a pronounced limp due to pain, stiffness, or impairment in the legs or feet

cojera, renguera

cojera, renguera

Ex: The old man walked with a noticeable hobble, leaning on his cane for support. 

El anciano caminaba con un cojera notable, apoyándose en su bastón para sostenerse.

pull
pull
[Sustantivo]

a strain or tear in a muscle due to excessive force, resulting in pain and limited movement

una distensión, un desgarro muscular

una distensión, un desgarro muscular

Ex: The athlete had to stop training due to a sudden pull in his hamstring. 

El atleta tuvo que dejar de entrenar debido a un tirón repentino en su isquiotibial.

scab
scab
[Sustantivo]

a dry, protective crust that forms over a healing wound as part of the body's natural healing process

costra, postilla

costra, postilla

Ex: The small scab on her finger eventually fell off as the wound healed. 

La pequeña costra en su dedo eventualmente se cayó mientras la herida sanaba.

scald
scald
[Sustantivo]

a burn or injury caused by contact with hot liquid or steam

escaldadura

escaldadura

Ex: The nurse examined the patient's scald and applied ointment. 

La enfermera examinó la escaldadura del paciente y aplicó ungüento.

scar
scar
[Sustantivo]

a mark that is left on one's skin after a wound or cut has healed

cicatriz

cicatriz

Ex: Common causes of scars include cuts, burns, surgical incisions, acne, and injuries. 

Las causas comunes de cicatrices incluyen cortes, quemaduras, incisiones quirúrgicas, acné y lesiones.

cut
cut
[Sustantivo]

a break or opening in the skin or flesh, often caused by a sharp object or injury

corte, herida

corte, herida

Ex: She got a small cut from the knife while cooking. 

Ella se hizo un pequeño corte con el cuchillo mientras cocinaba.

scratch
scratch
[Sustantivo]

a small cut on the skin caused by something sharp, like a fingernail, thorn, or rough surface

arañazo, rasguño

arañazo, rasguño

sting
sting
[Sustantivo]

a painful infliction caused by a small sharp and pointed organ that some insects have and use to penetrate the prey and inject poison

picadura

picadura

Ex: He winced in pain from the sting caused by the hornet. 

Él hizo una mueca de dolor por la picadura causada por el avispón.

strain
strain
[Sustantivo]

an injury to a muscle or tendon often caused by overexertion

distensión, esguince

distensión, esguince

concussion
concussion
[Sustantivo]

a momentary loss of consciousness provoked by a hard blow on the head

conmoción cerebral

conmoción cerebral

Ex: The patient presented with symptoms of a concussion, including dizziness, confusion, and sensitivity to light, after a car accident. 

El paciente presentó síntomas de una conmoción cerebral, incluyendo mareos, confusión y sensibilidad a la luz, después de un accidente automovilístico.

contusion
contusion
[Sustantivo]

a bruise caused by blunt force trauma without piercing the skin

contusión

contusión

Ex: Contusions on the leg were visible after the accident. 

Las contusiones en la pierna eran visibles después del accidente.

whiplash injury
whiplash injury
[Sustantivo]

a neck injury caused by one's neck bending forward and back suddenly and forcefully

latigazo cervical

latigazo cervical

pinch
pinch
[Sustantivo]

the painful result of getting a body part compressed or squeezed between two objects

pellizco, apretón

pellizco, apretón

Ex: The chef skillfully avoided a pinch while chopping vegetables. 

El chef evitó hábilmente un pellizco al cortar verduras.

cauliflower ear
cauliflower ear
[Sustantivo]

a deformity of the outer ear caused by repeated trauma, particularly common in contact sports like wrestling and boxing

oreja de coliflor, oreja de luchador

oreja de coliflor, oreja de luchador

Ex: The MMA fighter underwent surgery to correct his cauliflower ear deformity. 

El luchador de MMA se sometió a una cirugía para corregir su deformidad de oreja de coliflor.

ulcer
ulcer
[Sustantivo]

a lesion or sore on the skin that might bleed or even produce a poisonous substance

úlcera, llaga

úlcera, llaga

Ex: The open ulcer on his leg required regular cleaning and dressing to prevent infection and promote healing. 

La úlcera abierta en su pierna requería limpieza y vendaje regulares para prevenir infecciones y promover la curación.

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