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健康与疾病 - 伤害类型

在这里,您将学习一些与不同类型的伤害相关的英语单词,例如“瘀伤”、“骨折”和“扭伤”。

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
accident
[名词]

an unexpected and unpleasant event that happens by chance, usually causing damage or injury

事故, 意外

事故, 意外

Ex: Despite taking precautions , accidents can still happen in the workplace .尽管采取了预防措施,工作场所仍可能发生**事故**。
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bite
[名词]

a wound or injury inflicted by the teeth of an animal

咬伤, 刺伤

咬伤, 刺伤

Ex: The veterinarian treated the bite wound on the horse ’s neck .兽医治疗了马脖子上的**咬伤**。
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black eye
[名词]

an area of bruised skin surrounding the eye caused by a blow or injury

黑眼圈, 眼睛淤青

黑眼圈, 眼睛淤青

Ex: During a friendly game of basketball , a stray elbow from another player left him with a black eye.在一场友好的篮球比赛中,另一个球员的 stray elbow 给他留下了一个**黑眼圈**。
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break
[名词]

a fracture in a hard tissue, such as bone

骨折, 裂痕

骨折, 裂痕

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bruise
[名词]

an injury on the skin that appears as a dark mark, caused by a blow involving the rupture of vessels underneath

瘀伤, 青肿

瘀伤, 青肿

Ex: He was embarrassed to show his friends the bruise on his side , a reminder of his clumsiness during a recent soccer match .他不好意思向朋友展示他侧面的**瘀伤**,这是他在最近一场足球比赛中笨拙的提醒。
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wound
[名词]

an injury inflicted on the body especially one that seriously damages the skin or the flesh

Ex: Even after years , the old wound still ached in cold weather .
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scrape
[名词]

a minor injury where the top layer of skin gets rubbed or scratched off

擦伤, 刮痕

擦伤, 刮痕

Ex: The toddler cried after getting a scrape on her cheek while playing in the yard .小孩在院子里玩耍时脸颊上擦伤了**擦伤**后哭了。
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sprain
[名词]

a painful injury resulting in the sudden twist of a bone or joint, particularly one's wrist or ankles

扭伤, 挫伤

扭伤, 挫伤

Ex: A severe sprain can take weeks to heal , depending on the extent of the injury .严重的**扭伤**可能需要数周才能痊愈,具体取决于受伤的程度。
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fracture
[名词]

a crack or break in a bone or other hard substance

骨折,  裂缝

骨折, 裂缝

Ex: The fracture whispered its presence with every step , a reminder of gravity 's relentless pull and the fragility of human resilience .**骨折**每一步都在低语它的存在,提醒着引力的无情拉扯和人类韧性的脆弱。
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a small crack in a bone, typically caused by repetitive stress or overuse of the affected area

应力性骨折, 疲劳性骨折

应力性骨折, 疲劳性骨折

Ex: The doctor recommended rest and reduced activity to heal the stress fracture in the athlete 's spine .医生建议休息和减少活动以治愈运动员脊柱中的**应力性骨折**。
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a bone break that involves the bone piercing through the skin

开放性骨折, 复合骨折

开放性骨折, 复合骨折

Ex: Proper first aid is crucial for preventing infection in cases of a compound fracture.适当的急救对于防止**复合骨折**感染至关重要。
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bump
[名词]

a swelling on the body caused by illness or injury

肿块, 肿胀

肿块, 肿胀

Ex: Applying ice can help reduce swelling from a bump caused by an injury .敷冰可以帮助减少因受伤引起的**肿块**肿胀。
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burn
[名词]

a mark or injury that is caused by exposure to fire, acid, heat, etc.

烧伤, 烧伤痕迹

烧伤, 烧伤痕迹

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lesion
[名词]

a region in an organ or tissue that has suffered damage through injury, disease, or other causes

病变

病变

Ex: The athlete visited the sports medicine specialist for an evaluation of a knee lesion sustained during training .运动员拜访了运动医学专家,评估在训练中膝盖的**病变**。
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rupture
[名词]

a severe injury that causes an internal organ or soft tissue to break or tear suddenly

破裂, 撕裂

破裂, 撕裂

Ex: Severe coughing fits can lead to a lung rupture, resulting in difficulty breathing .严重的咳嗽发作可导致肺部**破裂**,导致呼吸困难。
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a mild burn that only affects the outer layer of the skin

一度烧伤

一度烧伤

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a burn that affects the first and second layers of the skin and appears red, blistered, and can be swollen and extremely painful

二度烧伤, 二级烧伤

二度烧伤, 二级烧伤

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a deep and severe burn, caused by contact with heat, radiation, or chemicals, that destroys both epidermis and dermis

三度烧伤, 三级烧伤

三度烧伤, 三级烧伤

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hobble
[名词]

the act of walking with difficulty or a pronounced limp due to pain, stiffness, or impairment in the legs or feet

跛行, 蹒跚

跛行, 蹒跚

Ex: The soccer player 's hobble was evident after hurting his foot on the field .足球运动员的**跛行**在场上伤到脚后很明显。
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pull
[名词]

a strain or tear in a muscle due to excessive force, resulting in pain and limited movement

拉伤, 肌肉撕裂

拉伤, 肌肉撕裂

Ex: The dancer took a break to recover from a pull in her calf muscle .
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scab
[名词]

a dry, protective crust that forms over a healing wound as part of the body's natural healing process

痂, 疮痂

痂, 疮痂

Ex: The scab protected the cut on his chin as it transformed into new skin .**痂**在他下巴上的伤口转变为新皮肤时保护了它。
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scald
[名词]

a first degree burn resulting from hot liquid or steam

烫伤, 一度烫伤

烫伤, 一度烫伤

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scar
[名词]

a mark that is left on one's skin after a wound or cut has healed

疤痕, 伤痕

疤痕, 伤痕

Ex: Scars may also carry emotional significance , serving as reminders of past experiences or trauma .**疤痕**也可能带有情感意义,作为过去经历或创伤的提醒。
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cut
[名词]

a break or opening in the skin or flesh, often caused by a sharp object or injury

切口, 伤口

切口, 伤口

Ex: The cut was so deep that it bled for several minutes .**伤口**很深,流了好几分钟的血。
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scratch
[名词]

a small cut on the skin caused by something sharp, like a fingernail, thorn, or rough surface

抓痕, 擦伤

抓痕, 擦伤

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sting
[名词]

a painful infliction caused by a small sharp and pointed organ that some insects have and use to penetrate the prey and inject poison

刺痛, 刺

刺痛, 刺

Ex: The sting was so painful that she had to apply a cold compress immediately .**刺痛**非常痛苦,她不得不立即敷上冷敷。
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strain
[名词]

an injury to a muscle or tendon often caused by overexertion

拉伤, 扭伤

拉伤, 扭伤

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concussion
[名词]

a momentary loss of consciousness provoked by a hard blow on the head

脑震荡, 脑挫伤

脑震荡, 脑挫伤

Ex: The doctor ordered a brain scan to assess the severity of the concussion and rule out any potential complications .医生下令进行脑部扫描以评估**脑震荡**的严重程度并排除任何潜在的并发症。
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contusion
[名词]

an injury that leaves a bruise and causes extreme pain but does not break the skin tissue

挫伤, 淤伤

挫伤, 淤伤

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a neck injury caused by one's neck bending forward and back suddenly and forcefully

鞭打伤, 颈部鞭打损伤

鞭打伤, 颈部鞭打损伤

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pinch
[名词]

the painful result of getting a body part compressed or squeezed between two objects

捏, 挤压

捏, 挤压

Ex: A protective parent quickly intervened to prevent a pinch on the baby 's cheek .一位保护欲强的父母迅速介入,防止婴儿的脸颊被**掐**。
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a deformity of the outer ear caused by repeated trauma, particularly common in contact sports like wrestling and boxing

菜花耳, 摔跤手的耳朵

菜花耳, 摔跤手的耳朵

Ex: Young athletes are educated about the risks of cauliflower ear in contact sports .年轻运动员接受有关接触运动中**菜花耳**风险的教育。
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ulcer
[名词]

a lesion or sore on the skin that might bleed or even produce a poisonous substance

溃疡, 伤口

溃疡, 伤口

Ex: The endoscopy revealed an ulcer in the lining of his esophagus , which explained the persistent burning sensation he felt .内窥镜检查发现他的食管内壁有一个**溃疡**,这解释了他一直感到的持续灼烧感。
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