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Santé et Maladie - Types de Blessures

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais liés à différents types de blessures tels que "ecchymose", "fracture" et "entorse".

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an unexpected and unpleasant event that happens by chance, usually causing damage or injury

accident

accident

Ex: Despite taking precautions , accidents can still happen in the workplace .Malgré les précautions prises, des **accidents** peuvent encore se produire sur le lieu de travail.
bite
[nom]

a wound or injury inflicted by the teeth of an animal

morsure

morsure

Ex: The veterinarian treated the bite wound on the horse ’s neck .Le vétérinaire a traité la plaie de **morsure** sur le cou du cheval.

an area of bruised skin surrounding the eye caused by a blow or injury

œil au beurre noir, coquard, coquart, cocard

œil au beurre noir, coquard, coquart, cocard

Ex: During a friendly game of basketball , a stray elbow from another player left him with a black eye.Lors d'un match de basketball amical, un coude égaré d'un autre joueur lui a valu un **œil au beurre noir**.
break
[nom]

a fracture in a hard tissue, such as bone

fracture

fracture

bruise
[nom]

an injury on the skin that appears as a dark mark, caused by a blow involving the rupture of vessels underneath

bleu, contusion

bleu, contusion

Ex: He was embarrassed to show his friends the bruise on his side , a reminder of his clumsiness during a recent soccer match .Il était gêné de montrer à ses amis l'**ecchymose** sur son côté, un rappel de sa maladresse lors d'un récent match de football.
wound
[nom]

an injury inflicted on the body especially one that seriously damages the skin or the flesh

blessure

blessure

Ex: Even after years , the old wound still ached in cold weather .
scrape
[nom]

a minor injury where the top layer of skin gets rubbed or scratched off

éraflure, égratignure

éraflure, égratignure

Ex: The toddler cried after getting a scrape on her cheek while playing in the yard .Le tout-petit a pleuré après avoir eu une **égratignure** sur la joue en jouant dans la cour.
sprain
[nom]

a painful injury resulting in the sudden twist of a bone or joint, particularly one's wrist or ankles

entorse, foulure

entorse, foulure

Ex: A severe sprain can take weeks to heal , depending on the extent of the injury .Une **entorse** sévère peut prendre des semaines à guérir, selon l'étendue de la blessure.

a crack or break in a bone or other hard substance

fracture

fracture

Ex: The fracture whispered its presence with every step , a reminder of gravity 's relentless pull and the fragility of human resilience .La **fracture** murmurait sa présence à chaque pas, un rappel de l'attraction incessante de la gravité et de la fragilité de la résilience humaine.

a small crack in a bone, typically caused by repetitive stress or overuse of the affected area

fracture de stress, fissure de fatigue

fracture de stress, fissure de fatigue

Ex: The doctor recommended rest and reduced activity to heal the stress fracture in the athlete 's spine .Le médecin a recommandé du repos et une activité réduite pour guérir la **fracture de stress** dans la colonne vertébrale de l'athlète.

a bone break that involves the bone piercing through the skin

fracture ouverte, fracture composée

fracture ouverte, fracture composée

Ex: Proper first aid is crucial for preventing infection in cases of a compound fracture.Les premiers secours appropriés sont cruciaux pour prévenir l'infection en cas de **fracture ouverte**.
bump
[nom]

a swelling on the body caused by illness or injury

gonflement

gonflement

Ex: Applying ice can help reduce swelling from a bump caused by an injury .Appliquer de la glace peut aider à réduire le gonflement d'une **bosse** causée par une blessure.
burn
[nom]

a mark or injury that is caused by exposure to fire, acid, heat, etc.

brûlure, marque de brûlure

brûlure, marque de brûlure

lesion
[nom]

a region in an organ or tissue that has suffered damage through injury, disease, or other causes

lésion

lésion

Ex: The athlete visited the sports medicine specialist for an evaluation of a knee lesion sustained during training .L'athlète a rendu visite au spécialiste en médecine sportive pour une évaluation d'une **lésion** au genou subie pendant l'entraînement.
rupture
[nom]

a severe injury that causes an internal organ or soft tissue to break or tear suddenly

rupture

rupture

Ex: Severe coughing fits can lead to a lung rupture, resulting in difficulty breathing .Des quintes de toux sévères peuvent entraîner une **rupture** pulmonaire, provoquant des difficultés respiratoires.

a mild burn that only affects the outer layer of the skin

brûlure au premier degré

brûlure au premier degré

a burn that affects the first and second layers of the skin and appears red, blistered, and can be swollen and extremely painful

brûlure au deuxième degré

brûlure au deuxième degré

a deep and severe burn, caused by contact with heat, radiation, or chemicals, that destroys both epidermis and dermis

brûlure au troisième degré

brûlure au troisième degré

hobble
[nom]

the act of walking with difficulty or a pronounced limp due to pain, stiffness, or impairment in the legs or feet

boitement, claudication

boitement, claudication

Ex: The soccer player 's hobble was evident after hurting his foot on the field .La **boiterie** du joueur de football était évidente après s'être blessé au pied sur le terrain.
pull
[nom]

a strain or tear in a muscle due to excessive force, resulting in pain and limited movement

entorse, foulure

entorse, foulure

Ex: The dancer took a break to recover from a pull in her calf muscle .
scab
[nom]

a dry, protective crust that forms over a healing wound as part of the body's natural healing process

croûte, escarre

croûte, escarre

Ex: The scab protected the cut on his chin as it transformed into new skin .La **croûte** a protégé la coupure sur son menton pendant qu'elle se transformait en nouvelle peau.
scald
[nom]

a first degree burn resulting from hot liquid or steam

brûlure

brûlure

scar
[nom]

a mark that is left on one's skin after a wound or cut has healed

cicatrice, balafre

cicatrice, balafre

Ex: Scars may also carry emotional significance , serving as reminders of past experiences or trauma .Les **cicatrices** peuvent également avoir une signification émotionnelle, servant de rappel d'expériences passées ou de traumatismes.
cut
[nom]

a break or opening in the skin or flesh, often caused by a sharp object or injury

coupure, entaille

coupure, entaille

Ex: The cut was so deep that it bled for several minutes .La **coupure** était si profonde qu'elle a saigné pendant plusieurs minutes.
scratch
[nom]

a small cut on the skin caused by something sharp, like a fingernail, thorn, or rough surface

égratignure, éraflure

égratignure, éraflure

sting
[nom]

a painful infliction caused by a small sharp and pointed organ that some insects have and use to penetrate the prey and inject poison

piqûre

piqûre

Ex: The sting was so painful that she had to apply a cold compress immediately .La **piqûre** était si douloureuse qu'elle a dû appliquer une compresse froide immédiatement.
strain
[nom]

an injury to a muscle or tendon often caused by overexertion

élongation, claquage

élongation, claquage

a momentary loss of consciousness provoked by a hard blow on the head

commotion cérébrale

commotion cérébrale

Ex: The doctor ordered a brain scan to assess the severity of the concussion and rule out any potential complications .Le médecin a ordonné un scanner cérébral pour évaluer la gravité de la **commotion cérébrale** et écarter toute complication potentielle.

an injury that leaves a bruise and causes extreme pain but does not break the skin tissue

contusion

contusion

a neck injury caused by one's neck bending forward and back suddenly and forcefully

coup du lapin

coup du lapin

pinch
[nom]

the painful result of getting a body part compressed or squeezed between two objects

pincement, serrement

pincement, serrement

Ex: A protective parent quickly intervened to prevent a pinch on the baby 's cheek .Un parent protecteur est rapidement intervenu pour empêcher un **pincement** sur la joue du bébé.

a deformity of the outer ear caused by repeated trauma, particularly common in contact sports like wrestling and boxing

oreille en chou-fleur, oreille du lutteur

oreille en chou-fleur, oreille du lutteur

Ex: Young athletes are educated about the risks of cauliflower ear in contact sports .Les jeunes athlètes sont éduqués sur les risques de l'**oreille en chou-fleur** dans les sports de contact.
ulcer
[nom]

a lesion or sore on the skin that might bleed or even produce a poisonous substance

ulcère

ulcère

Ex: The endoscopy revealed an ulcer in the lining of his esophagus , which explained the persistent burning sensation he felt .L'endoscopie a révélé un **ulcère** dans la muqueuse de son œsophage, ce qui expliquait la sensation de brûlure persistante qu'il ressentait.
Santé et Maladie
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