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Santé et Maladie - Types de Blessures

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais liés à différents types de blessures tels que "ecchymose", "fracture" et "entorse".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
accident

an unexpected and unpleasant event that happens by chance, usually causing damage or injury

accident

accident

Ex: She dropped the vase, but it was just an accident. 
bite
bite
[nom]

a wound or injury inflicted by the teeth of an animal

morsure

morsure

Ex: She had a bite mark on her arm from a stray cat. 
black eye

an area of bruised skin surrounding the eye caused by a blow or injury

œil au beurre noir, coquard, coquart, cocard

œil au beurre noir, coquard, coquart, cocard

Ex: During the boxing match, he delivered a powerful punch that gave his opponent a black eye. 

Pendant le match de boxe, il a livré un coup puissant qui a donné à son adversaire un œil au beurre noir.

break
break
[nom]

a fracture in bone or other hard tissue

fracture

fracture

Ex: He suffered a clean break in his arm. 
bruise
bruise
[nom]

an injury on the skin that appears as a dark mark, caused by a blow involving the rupture of vessels underneath

bleu, contusion

bleu, contusion

Ex: The athlete played through the pain of a bruise on her thigh, determined to finish the game despite the discomfort. 

L'athlète a joué malgré la douleur d'une contusion sur sa cuisse, déterminée à terminer le match malgré l'inconfort.

wound
wound
[nom]

an injury inflicted on the body especially one that seriously damages the skin or the flesh

blessure

blessure

Ex: She cleaned the wound carefully to prevent infection. 
scrape
scrape
[nom]

a minor injury where the top layer of skin gets rubbed or scratched off

éraflure, égratignure

éraflure, égratignure

Ex: The cat's sharp claws caused a painful scrape on my arm. 
sprain
sprain
[nom]

a painful injury resulting in the sudden twist of a bone or joint, particularly one's wrist or ankles

entorse, foulure

entorse, foulure

Ex: After twisting his ankle, he realized it was more than just a mild sprain and needed to see a doctor. 

Après s'être tordu la cheville, il a réalisé que ce n'était pas qu'une simple entorse et qu'il devait consulter un médecin.

fracture

a crack or break in a bone or other hard substance

fracture

fracture

Ex: Fractures can occur due to trauma, such as falls, sports injuries, or car accidents, as well as from overuse or weakened bones. 

Les fractures peuvent survenir en raison d'un traumatisme, comme des chutes, des blessures sportives ou des accidents de voiture, ainsi que d'une surutilisation ou d'une fragilisation des os.

stress fracture

a small crack in a bone, typically caused by repetitive stress or overuse of the affected area

fracture de stress, fissure de fatigue

fracture de stress, fissure de fatigue

Ex: A stress fracture in the foot can result from excessive jumping or running on hard surfaces. 

Une fracture de stress dans le pied peut résulter d'un saut excessif ou de la course sur des surfaces dures.

compound fracture

a bone break that involves the bone piercing through the skin

fracture ouverte, fracture composée

fracture ouverte, fracture composée

Ex: The hiker needed immediate medical attention for the compound fracture in his arm. 

Le randonneur avait besoin d'une attention médicale immédiate pour la fracture ouverte de son bras.

bump
bump
[nom]

a swelling on the body caused by illness or injury

gonflement

gonflement

Ex: The doctor examined the bump to check for signs of infection. 
burn
burn
[nom]

a mark or injury that is caused by exposure to fire, acid, heat, etc.

brûlure, marque de brûlure

brûlure, marque de brûlure

Ex: The chemical left a burn on his arm. 
lesion
lesion
[nom]

an injury or wound to living tissue, often involving a cut, break, or trauma to the skin

lésion, blessure

lésion, blessure

Ex: The doctor cleaned the lesion before applying a bandage. 

Le médecin a nettoyé la lésion avant d'appliquer un pansement.

rupture
rupture
[nom]

a severe injury that causes an internal organ or soft tissue to break or tear suddenly

rupture

rupture

Ex: She felt a sudden sharp pain in her abdomen, fearing it was a sign of an appendix rupture. 

Elle a ressenti une douleur soudaine et aiguë dans son abdomen, craignant que ce ne soit un signe de rupture de l'appendice.

first-degree burn

a mild burn that only affects the outer layer of the skin

brûlure au premier degré

brûlure au premier degré

second-degree burn

a burn that affects the first and second layers of the skin and appears red, blistered, and can be swollen and extremely painful

brûlure au deuxième degré

brûlure au deuxième degré

third-degree burn

a deep and severe burn, caused by contact with heat, radiation, or chemicals, that destroys both epidermis and dermis

brûlure au troisième degré

brûlure au troisième degré

hobble
hobble
[nom]

the act of walking with difficulty or a pronounced limp due to pain, stiffness, or impairment in the legs or feet

boitement, claudication

boitement, claudication

Ex: With a hobble, he made his way to the doctor's office for a check-up. 

Avec une boiterie, il se rendit au cabinet du médecin pour un examen.

pull
pull
[nom]

a strain or tear in a muscle due to excessive force, resulting in pain and limited movement

entorse, foulure

entorse, foulure

Ex: She experienced a muscle pull while stretching before the workout. 
scab
scab
[nom]

a dry, protective crust that forms over a healing wound as part of the body's natural healing process

croûte, escarre

croûte, escarre

Ex: Don't pick at the scab; it helps the wound underneath to heal. 

Ne grattez pas la croûte; elle aide la plaie en dessous à guérir.

scald
scald
[nom]

a burn or injury caused by contact with hot liquid or steam

brûlure

brûlure

Ex: She treated the scald on her arm with cold running water. 

Elle a traité l'ébouillantage sur son bras avec de l'eau froide courante.

scar
scar
[nom]

a mark that is left on one's skin after a wound or cut has healed

cicatrice, balafre

cicatrice, balafre

Ex: Scars can vary in appearance, from flat and pale to raised and red, depending on the type of injury and individual healing process. 

Les cicatrices peuvent varier en apparence, de plates et pâles à surélevées et rouges, selon le type de blessure et le processus de guérison individuel.

cut
cut
[nom]

a break or opening in the skin or flesh, often caused by a sharp object or injury

coupure, entaille

coupure, entaille

Ex: The cut on his leg needed stitches. 
scratch
scratch
[nom]

a small, shallow injury to the skin caused by something sharp or rough

égratignure, éraflure

égratignure, éraflure

Ex: It's only a scratch, so you probably don't need a bandage. 
sting
sting
[nom]

a painful infliction caused by a small sharp and pointed organ that some insects have and use to penetrate the prey and inject poison

piqûre

piqûre

Ex: The sting from the wasp left a red mark on his skin. 
strain
strain
[nom]

an injury to a muscle or tendon often caused by overexertion

élongation, claquage

élongation, claquage

Ex: The doctor diagnosed a mild strain in her shoulder. 
concussion

a momentary loss of consciousness provoked by a hard blow on the head

commotion cérébrale

commotion cérébrale

Ex: The doctor ordered a brain scan to assess the severity of the concussion and rule out any potential complications. 

Le médecin a ordonné un scanner cérébral pour évaluer la gravité de la commotion cérébrale et écarter toute complication potentielle.

contusion

a bruise caused by blunt force trauma without piercing the skin

contusion

contusion

Ex: The athlete suffered a contusion during the game. 

L'athlète a subi une contusion pendant le match.

whiplash injury

a neck injury caused by one's neck bending forward and back suddenly and forcefully

coup du lapin

coup du lapin

pinch
pinch
[nom]

the painful result of getting a body part compressed or squeezed between two objects

pincement, serrement

pincement, serrement

Ex: The pinch on her toe came from accidentally stepping on a small object. 
cauliflower ear

a deformity of the outer ear caused by repeated trauma, particularly common in contact sports like wrestling and boxing

oreille en chou-fleur, oreille du lutteur

oreille en chou-fleur, oreille du lutteur

Ex: Boxers are prone to cauliflower ear due to the repeated impact of punches during matches. 

Les boxeurs sont sujets à l'oreille en chou-fleur en raison des impacts répétés des coups pendant les matchs.

ulcer
ulcer
[nom]

an open sore on the skin or inside the body that heals slowly and may bleed or produce pus

ulcère

ulcère

Ex: The doctor examined the ulcer and prescribed treatment. 
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