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Hälsa och Sjukdom - Typer av Skador

Här kommer du att lära dig några engelska ord relaterade till olika typer av skador såsom "blåmärke", "fraktur" och "vrickning".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
accident
accident
[Substantiv]

an unexpected and unpleasant event that happens by chance, usually causing damage or injury

olycka, incident

olycka, incident

Ex: He broke his arm in a skiing accident. 
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bite
bite
[Substantiv]

a wound or injury inflicted by the teeth of an animal

bett, stick

bett, stick

Ex: The veterinarian treated the bite wound on the horse's neck. 
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black eye
black eye
[Substantiv]

an area of bruised skin surrounding the eye caused by a blow or injury

blått öga, blåmärke runt ögat

blått öga, blåmärke runt ögat

Ex: He slipped on the ice and fell face-first, resulting in a painful black eye. 

Han halkade på isen och föll ansiktet först, vilket resulterade i ett smärtsamt blått öga.

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break
break
[Substantiv]

a fracture in bone or other hard tissue

fraktur, spricka

fraktur, spricka

Ex: The doctor found a small break in his wrist. 
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bruise
bruise
[Substantiv]

an injury on the skin that appears as a dark mark, caused by a blow involving the rupture of vessels underneath

blåmärke, kontusion

blåmärke, kontusion

Ex: The doctor examined the bruise on the child’s arm and reassured the parents that it was a common injury that would heal on its own. 

Läkaren undersökte blåmärket på barnets arm och lugnade föräldrarna genom att säga att det var en vanlig skada som skulle läka av sig själv.

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wound
wound
[Substantiv]

an injury inflicted on the body especially one that seriously damages the skin or the flesh

sår, skada

sår, skada

Ex: The doctor cleaned and bandaged the wound. 
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scrape
scrape
[Substantiv]

a minor injury where the top layer of skin gets rubbed or scratched off

skråma, ripsa

skråma, ripsa

Ex: I felt a sting as the scrape on my elbow came into contact with water. 
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sprain
sprain
[Substantiv]

a painful injury resulting in the sudden twist of a bone or joint, particularly one's wrist or ankles

vrickning, sträckning

vrickning, sträckning

Ex: He wrapped his sprained wrist in a bandage to support it while it healed. 

Han lindade sin vrickade handled i ett bandage för att stödja den medan den läkte.

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fracture
fracture
[Substantiv]

a crack or break in a bone or other hard substance

fraktur,  brott

fraktur, brott

Ex: Treatment for a fracture depends on its severity and location but may include immobilization with a cast or splint, medications for pain and inflammation, and sometimes surgery. 

Behandling av en fraktur beror på dess allvarlighetsgrad och plats men kan inkludera immobilisering med gips eller skena, läkemedel för smärta och inflammation, och ibland kirurgi.

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stress fracture
stress fracture
[Substantiv]

a small crack in a bone, typically caused by repetitive stress or overuse of the affected area

stressfraktur, utmattningsfraktur

stressfraktur, utmattningsfraktur

Ex: Long-distance runners should be cautious to avoid stress fractures in the leg bones. 

Långdistanslöpare bör vara försiktiga för att undvika stressfrakturer i benen.

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compound fracture
compound fracture
[Substantiv]

a bone break that involves the bone piercing through the skin

öppen fraktur, sammanställd fraktur

öppen fraktur, sammanställd fraktur

Ex: A compound fracture requires surgery to clean and properly set the broken bone. 

En öppen fraktur kräver operation för att rengöra och ordentligt sätta det brutna benet.

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bump
bump
[Substantiv]

a swelling on the body caused by illness or injury

bula, svullnad

bula, svullnad

Ex: He developed a bump on his forehead after the fall. 
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burn
burn
[Substantiv]

a mark or injury that is caused by exposure to fire, acid, heat, etc.

brännskada, brännmärke

brännskada, brännmärke

Ex: The burn was caused by boiling water. 
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lesion
lesion
[Substantiv]

an injury or wound to living tissue, often involving a cut, break, or trauma to the skin

läsion, skada

läsion, skada

Ex: The cut resulted in a painful lesion. 

Snittet resulterade i en smärtsam läsion.

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rupture
rupture
[Substantiv]

a severe injury that causes an internal organ or soft tissue to break or tear suddenly

ruptur, sprängning

ruptur, sprängning

Ex: Severe coughing fits can lead to a lung rupture, resulting in difficulty breathing. 

Svåra hostattacker kan leda till en ruptur i lungan, vilket resulterar i andningssvårigheter.

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first-degree burn
first-degree burn
[Substantiv]

a mild burn that only affects the outer layer of the skin

förstagradsbrännskada

förstagradsbrännskada

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second-degree burn
second-degree burn
[Substantiv]

a burn that affects the first and second layers of the skin and appears red, blistered, and can be swollen and extremely painful

andra gradens brännskada, brännskada av andra graden

andra gradens brännskada, brännskada av andra graden

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third-degree burn
third-degree burn
[Substantiv]

a deep and severe burn, caused by contact with heat, radiation, or chemicals, that destroys both epidermis and dermis

tredjegradens brännskada, brännskada av tredje graden

tredjegradens brännskada, brännskada av tredje graden

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hobble
hobble
[Substantiv]

the act of walking with difficulty or a pronounced limp due to pain, stiffness, or impairment in the legs or feet

halta, hanka

halta, hanka

Ex: Despite the bandaged foot, the child maintained a determined hobble after stubbing his toe. 

Trots den bandagerade foten upprätthöll barnet en beslutsam haltning efter att ha stubbat tån.

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pull
pull
[Substantiv]

a strain or tear in a muscle due to excessive force, resulting in pain and limited movement

en sträckning, en muskelbristning

en sträckning, en muskelbristning

Ex: The doctor said the pain was probably a muscle pull. 
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scab
scab
[Substantiv]

a dry, protective crust that forms over a healing wound as part of the body's natural healing process

skorpa, sårskorpa

skorpa, sårskorpa

Ex: The scab on the scrape turned brown and gradually disappeared. 

Skorpan på skråman blev brun och försvann gradvis.

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scald
scald
[Substantiv]

a burn or injury caused by contact with hot liquid or steam

förbränning, skållning

förbränning, skållning

Ex: The chef accidentally got a scald while draining pasta. 

Kocken fick av misstag en brännsår när han dränerade pastan.

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scar
scar
[Substantiv]

a mark that is left on one's skin after a wound or cut has healed

ärr, märke

ärr, märke

Ex: While scars cannot be completely removed, treatments such as laser therapy, steroid injections, or surgical revision can help improve their appearance. 

Även om ärr inte kan tas bort helt, kan behandlingar som laserterapi, steroidinjektioner eller kirurgisk revision hjälpa till att förbättra deras utseende.

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cut
cut
[Substantiv]

a break or opening in the skin or flesh, often caused by a sharp object or injury

skärsår, sår

skärsår, sår

Ex: She cleaned the cut with soap and water. 
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scratch
scratch
[Substantiv]

a small, shallow injury to the skin caused by something sharp or rough

repa,  skråma

repa, skråma

Ex: The thorn left a long scratch across Sarah's hand. 
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sting
sting
[Substantiv]

a painful infliction caused by a small sharp and pointed organ that some insects have and use to penetrate the prey and inject poison

sting, gadd

sting, gadd

Ex: After the sting, his hand started swelling, so he took an antihistamine. 

Efter sticket började hans hand svullna, så han tog ett antihistamin.

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strain
strain
[Substantiv]

an injury to a muscle or tendon often caused by overexertion

sträckning, försträckning

sträckning, försträckning

Ex: Rest is often recommended for a minor muscle strain. 
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concussion
concussion
[Substantiv]

a momentary loss of consciousness provoked by a hard blow on the head

hjärnskakning, hjärnkontusion

hjärnskakning, hjärnkontusion

Ex: The doctor ordered a brain scan to assess the severity of the concussion and rule out any potential complications. 

Läkaren beställde en hjärnskanning för att bedöma allvarlighetsgraden av hjärnskakning och utesluta eventuella potentiella komplikationer.

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contusion
contusion
[Substantiv]

a bruise caused by blunt force trauma without piercing the skin

kontusion, blåmärke

kontusion, blåmärke

Ex: She applied ice to reduce the swelling of the contusion. 

Hon applicerade is för att minska svullnaden av kontusionen.

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whiplash injury
whiplash injury
[Substantiv]

a neck injury caused by one's neck bending forward and back suddenly and forcefully

whiplashskada, piskrappsskada

whiplashskada, piskrappsskada

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pinch
pinch
[Substantiv]

the painful result of getting a body part compressed or squeezed between two objects

nyp, klämning

nyp, klämning

Ex: A protective parent quickly intervened to prevent a pinch on the baby's cheek. 
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cauliflower ear
cauliflower ear
[Substantiv]

a deformity of the outer ear caused by repeated trauma, particularly common in contact sports like wrestling and boxing

blomkålsöra, brytareöra

blomkålsöra, brytareöra

Ex: The coach emphasized the importance of ear protection to prevent cauliflower ear in the team. 

Tränaren betonade vikten av öronskydd för att förhindra blomkålöra i laget.

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ulcer
ulcer
[Substantiv]

an open sore on the skin or inside the body that heals slowly and may bleed or produce pus

Ex: The wound gradually turned into a deep ulcer. 
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