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Liste de Mots Niveau C1 - C’est Punissable par la Loi !

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais sur le droit et la criminalité, tels que "agression", "chantage", "agresser", etc., préparés pour les apprenants de niveau C1.

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CEFR C1 Vocabulary
to abuse
to abuse
[verbe]

to sexually assault a person, especially women and children

maltraiter

maltraiter

Ex: Community initiatives aim to dismantle the culture that perpetuates attitudes and behaviors allowing individuals to abuse others sexually. 
to assault
to assault
[verbe]

to violently attack someone

attaquer, agresser

attaquer, agresser

Ex: The police arrested the suspect for attempting to assault a pedestrian. 
to hijack
to hijack
[verbe]

to forcefully take control of a vehicle, like an airplane, often to take hostages or change its course

détourner

détourner

Ex: The criminals attempted to hijack the plane, demanding a ransom for the safety of the passengers. 

Les criminels ont tenté de détourner l'avion, exigeant une rançon pour la sécurité des passagers.

to kidnap
to kidnap
[verbe]

to take someone away and hold them in captivity, typically to demand something for their release

kidnapper, enlever

kidnapper, enlever

Ex: The investigation revealed a plot to kidnap a government official for political motives. 

L'enquête a révélé un complot pour kidnapper un fonctionnaire du gouvernement pour des motifs politiques.

to mug
to mug
[verbe]

to steal from someone by threatening them or using violence, particularly in a public place

agresser

agresser

Ex: The victim bravely fought back when the thieves tried to mug them in the park. 

La victime a courageusement riposté lorsque les voleurs ont tenté de agresser dans le parc.

to rape
to rape
[verbe]

to force or compel someone to have sex without their consent

violer

violer

Ex: She reported that she had been raped after the attack. 
to pirate
to pirate
[verbe]

to illegally copy, use, or sell someone else's work or product, such as a book, song, etc.

pirater, copier illégalement

pirater, copier illégalement

Ex: The company took legal action against websites that pirate their software programs. 

L'entreprise a engagé des poursuites judiciaires contre les sites Web qui piratent leurs logiciels.

to vandalize

to intentionally damage something, particularly public property

vandaliser

vandaliser

Ex: Graffiti artists were caught vandalizing the walls of historic buildings. 

Les artistes de graffitis ont été pris en train de vandaliser les murs de bâtiments historiques.

arson
arson
[nom]

the criminal act of setting something on fire, particularly a building

incendie volontaire, incendie criminel

incendie volontaire, incendie criminel

Ex: The police arrested a suspect in connection with the arson of several vehicles downtown. 

La police a arrêté un suspect en lien avec l'incendie criminel de plusieurs véhicules dans le centre-ville.

blackmail

the crime of demanding money or benefits from someone by threatening to reveal secret or sensitive information about them

chantage

chantage

Ex: The businessman was arrested for engaging in blackmail against a rival company. 

L'homme d'affaires a été arrêté pour s'être livré à du chantage contre une entreprise rivale.

deception

the action of intentionally making a person believe something that is untrue

tromperie, duperie, supercherie

tromperie, duperie, supercherie

Ex: Deception in advertising can mislead consumers into purchasing products based on false claims. 

La tromperie dans la publicité peut induire les consommateurs en erreur et les amener à acheter des produits sur la base de fausses allégations.

break-in

an illegal entry into a building by using force, particularly in order to steal something

cambriolage

cambriolage

Ex: The police investigated the break-in at the vacant house on Maple Street. 

La police a enquêté sur l'effraction dans la maison vacante de Maple Street.

bribe
bribe
[nom]

an amount of money or something of value given to someone in order to persuade them to do something that is illegal

pot-de-vin, bakchich

pot-de-vin, bakchich

Ex: The businessman offered a bribe to the customs official to expedite the shipment of his goods. 

L'homme d'affaires a offert un pot-de-vin à l'agent des douanes pour accélérer l'expédition de ses marchandises.

forgery
forgery
[nom]

the criminal act of making a copy of a document, money, etc. to do something illegal

contrefaçon

contrefaçon

Ex: The police discovered a large-scale forgery operation producing counterfeit bills in the basement of an abandoned building. 

La police a découvert une opération de contrefaçon à grande échelle produisant des billets contrefaits dans le sous-sol d'un bâtiment abandonné.

genocide

a mass murder committed in order to destroy a particular nation, religious or ethnic group, or race

génocide

génocide

Ex: The international community condemned the genocide in Rwanda during the early 1990s. 

La communauté internationale a condamné le génocide au Rwanda au début des années 1990.

phishing

a cybercrime in which someone tricks another into revealing their personal or financial information such as their passwords or bank account numbers and then using this information to steal money from them

hameçonnage

hameçonnage

Ex: The company's employees received training on how to recognize phishing emails and avoid falling victim to scams. 

Les employés de l'entreprise ont reçu une formation sur la façon de reconnaître les courriels de hameçonnage et d'éviter de devenir victime d'arnaques.

scammer
scammer
[nom]

a person who deceives people to get their money

arnaqueur, escroc

arnaqueur, escroc

Ex: Online marketplaces often warn users to be wary of scammers posing as legitimate sellers. 

Les places de marché en ligne avertissent souvent les utilisateurs de se méfier des escrocs se faisant passer pour des vendeurs légitimes.

swindler

a person who deceives or cheats people out of money

escroc, arnaqueur

escroc, arnaqueur

Ex: Law enforcement agencies arrested the notorious swindler after a lengthy investigation. 

Les forces de l'ordre ont arrêté l'escroc notoire après une longue enquête.

ransom
ransom
[nom]

an amount of money demanded or paid for the release of a person who is in captivity

rançon

rançon

Ex: Negotiators worked tirelessly to lower the ransom amount requested by the hostage-takers. 

Les négociateurs ont travaillé sans relâche pour réduire le montant de la rançon demandée par les preneurs d'otages.

riot
riot
[nom]

a violent and disorderly public disturbance involving a group of people

émeute

émeute

Ex: Several stores were damaged during the riot. 
fine
fine
[nom]

an amount of money that must be paid as a legal punishment

amende, contravention

amende, contravention

Ex: The court imposed a fine on the company for environmental violations. 
to bug
to bug
[verbe]

to hide a small microphone in a place or device in order to secretly listen to or record someone's conversations

mettre sur écoute

mettre sur écoute

Ex: Law enforcement decided to bug the suspect's phone to monitor potential criminal activities. 

Les forces de l'ordre ont décidé de placer un micro dans le téléphone du suspect pour surveiller d'éventuelles activités criminelles.

alibi
alibi
[nom]

proof that indicates a person was somewhere other than the place where a crime took place and therefore could not have committed it

alibi

alibi

Ex: The defense attorney presented several witnesses to support the defendant's alibi. 

L'avocat de la défense a présenté plusieurs témoins pour soutenir l'alibi du défendeur.

accomplice

someone who helps another to commit a crime or do a wrongdoing

complice

complice

Ex: The detectives suspected that he had an accomplice who helped him plan the crime. 

Les détectives soupçonnaient qu'il avait un complice qui l'avait aidé à planifier le crime.

conspirator

a person involved in a conspiracy

conspirateur, conspiratrice

conspirateur, conspiratrice

Ex: She was identified as a key conspirator in the embezzlement scheme at the company. 

Elle a été identifiée comme un conspirateur clé dans le schéma de détournement de fonds de l'entreprise.

assassin

someone who murders an important person for money or religious or political reasons

assassin

assassin

Ex: The king's assassin was caught and sentenced to life in prison. 

L'assassin du roi a été capturé et condamné à la prison à vie.

bandit
bandit
[nom]

a robber who attacks travelers and is a member of a group of robbers

bandit

bandit

Ex: The sheriff led a posse to capture the bandits who had been terrorizing the local townsfolk. 

Le shérif a mené une posse pour capturer les bandits qui avaient terrorisé les habitants locaux.

gangster

a member of a group of criminals

gangster

gangster

Ex: The gangster was known for his flashy lifestyle and connections to organized crime. 

Le gangster était connu pour son style de vie tapageur et ses liens avec le crime organisé.

juvenile delinquent

a young person who commits a crime

délinquant juvénile, délinquante juvénile

délinquant juvénile, délinquante juvénile

Ex: Programs aimed at preventing juvenile delinquency focus on education and community involvement. 

Les programmes visant à prévenir la délinquance juvénile se concentrent sur l'éducation et l'implication de la communauté.

imprisonment

the act of confining someone in prison or otherwise depriving them of freedom, or the state of being so confined

emprisonnement

emprisonnement

Ex: She described the loneliness she experienced during her imprisonment. 
inmate
inmate
[nom]

a person who is held in a prison or correctional facility

détenu, détenue

détenu, détenue

Ex: The inmate was released on parole after completing rehabilitation programs. 

Le détenu a été libéré sous condition après avoir terminé des programmes de réadaptation.

convict
convict
[nom]

a person serving a prison sentence after being found guilty of a crime

détenu, détenue, prisonnier, prisonnière

détenu, détenue, prisonnier, prisonnière

Ex: Each convict was assigned a job within the prison. 
capital punishment

the killing of a criminal as punishment

peine capitale

peine capitale

Ex: The state abolished capital punishment decades ago, opting for life imprisonment instead. 

L'État a aboli la peine capitale il y a des décennies, optant plutôt pour la prison à vie.

confession

a formal statement made by a person admitting that they are guilty of a crime

aveu

aveu

Ex: The detective obtained a signed confession from the perpetrator during interrogation. 

Le détective a obtenu une confession signée du coupable pendant l'interrogatoire.

to inspect
to inspect
[verbe]

to officially or systematically examine something to make sure it is safe, satisfactory, or meets required standards

examiner

examiner

Ex: The mechanic will inspect the brakes before returning the car. 
corrupt
corrupt
[Adjectif]

using one's power or authority to do illegal things for personal gain or financial benefit

corrompu

corrompu

Ex: The corrupt banker manipulated financial markets for his own profit, causing widespread economic harm. 

Le banquier corrompu a manipulé les marchés financiers pour son propre profit, causant des dommages économiques généralisés.

execution

the act of putting someone to death as a legal punishment

exécution

exécution

Ex: The governor postponed the execution until the court reviewed new evidence. 
to raid
to raid
[verbe]

of police or other authorities, to enter a place suddenly in order to arrest people or find illegal goods or evidence

faire une descente, faire une rafle

faire une descente, faire une rafle

Ex: Officers raided the warehouse and seized illegal weapons. 
fingerprint

a mark made by the unique pattern of lines on the tip of a person's finger, can be used to find out who has committed a crime

empreinte

empreinte

Ex: Forensic experts lifted several fingerprints from the crime scene for analysis. 

Les experts médico-légaux ont relevé plusieurs empreintes digitales sur les lieux du crime pour analyse.

forensic
forensic
[Adjectif]

related to the use of scientific techniques when trying to know more about a crime

de juriste, médico-légal

de juriste, médico-légal

Ex: Forensic analysis of the ballistics from the shooting helped prosecutors reconstruct what happened. 

L'analyse forensique des balistiques de la fusillade a aidé les procureurs à reconstituer ce qui s'est passé.

probation

a legal arrangement in which a convicted offender is released under specific conditions instead of serving time in prison

sursis avec mise à l'épreuve

sursis avec mise à l'épreuve

Ex: Violating probation conditions can lead to imprisonment. 

Enfreindre les conditions de liberté conditionnelle peut conduire à l'emprisonnement.

record
record
[nom]

official information that indicates a person has committed a crime

casier judiciaire, dossier criminel

casier judiciaire, dossier criminel

Ex: Employers often conduct background checks to review applicants' criminal records. 
goon
goon
[nom]

a criminal hired to harm or threaten people

sbire, homme de main

sbire, homme de main

Ex: Despite his intimidating appearance, Jake was more of a gentle giant than a goon; he loved animals and spent his weekends volunteering at the local shelter. 

Malgré son apparence intimidante, Jake était plus un géant doux qu'un homme de main ; il adorait les animaux et passait ses week-ends à faire du bénévolat dans un refuge local.

death squad

a group of armed people who illegally kill supporters of an opposing political party or criminals

escadron de la mort, groupe de tueurs

escadron de la mort, groupe de tueurs

Ex: Human rights organizations condemned the alleged involvement of military death squads in the disappearance of activists. 

Les organisations de défense des droits de l'homme ont condamné l'implication présumée des escadrons de la mort militaires dans la disparition d'activistes.

henchman

someone who faithfully supports a person in power and is willing to do things for them that are illegal or violent

suppôt

suppôt

Ex: The corrupt politician relied on his henchmen to intimidate voters and silence whistleblowers who threatened his reelection campaign. 

Le politicien corrompu comptait sur ses hommes de main pour intimider les électeurs et réduire au silence les lanceurs d'alerte qui menaçaient sa campagne de réélection.

hired gun

a professional assassin, typically armed and employed to commit murder

tueur à gages, assassin professionnel

tueur à gages, assassin professionnel

Ex: He feared the hired gun sent after him. 

Il craignait le tueur à gages envoyé à ses trousses.

gun for hire

an individual who does immoral or violent things for money

pistolero à gages, tueur à gages

pistolero à gages, tueur à gages

Ex: Law enforcement agencies were on high alert after reports of a gun for hire operating in the area. 

Les forces de l'ordre étaient en état d'alerte maximale après des signalements d'un tueur à gages opérant dans la région.

gunslinger

a person who is skilled at shooting a gun and is hired to kill someone, used particularly in the past in the American Wild West

pistolero, tireur d'élite

pistolero, tireur d'élite

Ex: Legends of the Old West often romanticize the feats of gunslingers like Billy the Kid and Wild Bill Hickok. 

Les légendes de l'Ouest sauvage romantisent souvent les exploits des pistoleros comme Billy the Kid et Wild Bill Hickok.

breaking and entering

the crime of using force to illegally enter a building

Ex: The suspects were arrested for breaking and entering into several homes in the neighborhood. 
to finger
to finger
[verbe]

to identify or point out someone as the person responsible for committing a crime or wrongdoing, often to law enforcement or other authorities

désigner, identifier

désigner, identifier

Ex: Under pressure from the authorities, the accomplice finally agreed to finger his partner in the smuggling operation. 
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