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Listahan ng mga Salita sa Antas C1 - Batas at Kriminalidad

Dito matututo ka ng ilang mga salitang Ingles tungkol sa batas at kriminalidad, tulad ng "assault", "blackmail", "mug", atbp., inihanda para sa mga mag-aaral ng antas C1.

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Simulan ang pag-aaral
CEFR C1 Vocabulary
to abuse
to abuse
[Pandiwa]

to sexually assault a person, especially women and children

abuso, gahasain

abuso, gahasain

Ex: The survivor courageously shared their experience of an individual who sought to abuse them. 
to assault
to assault
[Pandiwa]

to violently attack someone

salakayin, atakehin

salakayin, atakehin

Ex: Authorities worked to create awareness about the consequences of assaulting healthcare workers during the pandemic. 
to hijack
to hijack
[Pandiwa]

to forcefully take control of a vehicle, like an airplane, often to take hostages or change its course

agawin, sakupin

agawin, sakupin

Ex: Pirates tried to hijack the cargo ship, hoping to steal valuable goods for resale. 

Sinubukan ng mga pirata na hijackin ang barko ng kargamento, na umaasang nakawin ang mahahalagang kalakal para ibenta muli.

to kidnap
to kidnap
[Pandiwa]

to take someone away and hold them in captivity, typically to demand something for their release

agawin, kidnapin

agawin, kidnapin

Ex: The criminals planned to kidnap the CEO's daughter for a ransom. 

Binalakad ng mga kriminal na kidnapin ang anak na babae ng CEO para sa ransom.

to mug
to mug
[Pandiwa]

to steal from someone by threatening them or using violence, particularly in a public place

mandurukot, magnakaw sa pamamagitan ng pananakot

mandurukot, magnakaw sa pamamagitan ng pananakot

Ex: The assailant attempted to mug the pedestrian by brandishing a weapon. 
to rape
to rape
[Pandiwa]

to force or compel someone to have sex without their consent

gahasain, halayin

gahasain, halayin

Ex: The court found him guilty of raping a woman he knew. 
to pirate
to pirate
[Pandiwa]

to illegally copy, use, or sell someone else's work or product, such as a book, song, etc.

mag-pirata, illegal na kopyahin

mag-pirata, illegal na kopyahin

Ex: Online platforms often struggle with users who pirate movies and music without permission. 

Ang mga online platform ay madalas na nahihirapan sa mga user na nagnanakaw ng mga pelikula at musika nang walang pahintulot.

to vandalize
to vandalize
[Pandiwa]

to intentionally damage something, particularly public property

manirang-puri, sadyang sirain

manirang-puri, sadyang sirain

Ex: The park was closed temporarily for repairs after vandals had vandalized the playground equipment. 

Ang parke ay pansamantalang isinara para sa mga pag-aayos matapos na sinira ng mga vandal ang mga kagamitan sa palaruan.

arson
arson
[Pangngalan]

the criminal act of setting something on fire, particularly a building

pagsunog, pagpapasabog

pagsunog, pagpapasabog

Ex: The fire department suspects arson as the cause of the warehouse fire. 

Ang kagawaran ng bumbero ay naghihinala ng pagsusunog bilang sanhi ng sunog sa bodega.

blackmail
blackmail
[Pangngalan]

the crime of demanding money or benefits from someone by threatening to reveal secret or sensitive information about them

pangingikil, panunakot

pangingikil, panunakot

Ex: She was a victim of blackmail after someone threatened to expose her personal emails. 

Siya ay biktima ng blackmail matapos may nagbanta na ilantad ang kanyang personal na mga email.

deception
deception
[Pangngalan]

the action of intentionally making a person believe something that is untrue

panlilinlang, daya

panlilinlang, daya

Ex: The magician's performance relied on clever deception to create illusions. 

Ang pagganap ng salamangkero ay umasa sa matalinong panlilinlang upang lumikha ng mga ilusyon.

break-in
break-in
[Pangngalan]

an illegal entry into a building by using force, particularly in order to steal something

pagsalakay, pagnanakaw na may pagsalakay

pagsalakay, pagnanakaw na may pagsalakay

Ex: There was a break-in at the jewelry store last night, and several valuable items were stolen. 

May pagsalakay sa jewelry store kagabi, at ninakaw ang ilang mahahalagang bagay.

bribe
bribe
[Pangngalan]

an amount of money or something of value given to someone in order to persuade them to do something that is illegal

suhol, lagay

suhol, lagay

Ex: The politician was caught accepting a bribe from a construction company in exchange for favorable contracts. 

Nahuli ang pulitiko na tumatanggap ng suhol mula sa isang kumpanya ng konstruksyon bilang kapalit ng mga paborableng kontrata.

forgery
forgery
[Pangngalan]

the criminal act of making a copy of a document, money, etc. to do something illegal

panday

panday

Ex: The suspect was charged with forgery after he tried to cash in a fake check. 

Ang suspek ay sinampahan ng pekeng dokumento matapos niyang subukang ipapalit ang isang pekeng tseke.

genocide
genocide
[Pangngalan]

a mass murder committed in order to destroy a particular nation, religious or ethnic group, or race

genocide, paglilipol

genocide, paglilipol

Ex: The United Nations defines genocide as acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial, or religious group. 

Ang United Nations ay tumutukoy sa genocide bilang mga gawaing ginawa sa layuning sirain, sa kabuuan o bahagi, ang isang pambansa, etniko, lahi, o relihiyosong grupo.

phishing
phishing
[Pangngalan]

a cybercrime in which someone tricks another into revealing their personal or financial information such as their passwords or bank account numbers and then using this information to steal money from them

pangingisda, phishing

pangingisda, phishing

Ex: Phishing is a form of cybercrime where attackers attempt to deceive individuals into revealing sensitive information, such as passwords or credit card numbers. 

Ang phishing ay isang anyo ng cybercrime kung saan sinusubukan ng mga umaatake na linlangin ang mga indibidwal upang ibunyag ang sensitibong impormasyon, tulad ng mga password o numero ng credit card.

scammer
scammer
[Pangngalan]

a person who deceives people to get their money

manloloko, scammer

manloloko, scammer

Ex: The elderly couple fell victim to a phone scammer who claimed to be from their bank. 

Ang matandang mag-asawa ay naging biktima ng isang scammer sa telepono na nag-angking mula sa kanilang bangko.

swindler
swindler
[Pangngalan]

a person who deceives or cheats people out of money

manloloko, swindler

manloloko, swindler

Ex: The swindler convinced his victims to invest in a fake business scheme. 

Ang manloloko ay kumbinsihin ang kanyang mga biktima na mamuhunan sa isang pekeng negosyo scheme.

ransom
ransom
[Pangngalan]

an amount of money demanded or paid for the release of a person who is in captivity

ransom

ransom

Ex: The kidnappers demanded a large ransom for the safe return of the CEO's daughter. 

Ang mga kidnapper ay humingi ng malaking ransom para sa ligtas na pagbabalik ng anak na babae ng CEO.

riot
riot
[Pangngalan]

a violent and disorderly public disturbance involving a group of people

kaguluhan,  riot

kaguluhan, riot

Ex: A riot broke out after the demonstration turned violent. 
fine
fine
[Pangngalan]

an amount of money that must be paid as a legal punishment

multa, parusa

multa, parusa

Ex: She received a fine for littering in the park. 
to bug
to bug
[Pandiwa]

to hide a small microphone in a place or device in order to secretly listen to or record someone's conversations

maglagay ng lihim na mikropono, makinig nang palihim

maglagay ng lihim na mikropono, makinig nang palihim

Ex: Law enforcement decided to bug the suspect's phone to monitor potential criminal activities. 

Nagpasya ang mga tagapagpatupad ng batas na maglagay ng listening device sa telepono ng suspek para subaybayan ang posibleng mga kriminal na gawain.

alibi
alibi
[Pangngalan]

proof that indicates a person was somewhere other than the place where a crime took place and therefore could not have committed it

alibi

alibi

Ex: The suspect's alibi placed him at a restaurant with friends at the time of the crime. 

Ang alibi ng suspek ay inilagay siya sa isang restawran kasama ang mga kaibigan sa oras ng krimen.

accomplice
accomplice
[Pangngalan]

someone who helps another to commit a crime or do a wrongdoing

kasabwat, katuwang

kasabwat, katuwang

Ex: The detectives suspected that he had an accomplice who helped him plan the crime. 

Pinaghihinalaan ng mga detektib na mayroon siyang kasabwat na tumulong sa kanya na planuhin ang krimen.

conspirator
conspirator
[Pangngalan]

a person involved in a conspiracy

konspirator, kasabwat

konspirator, kasabwat

Ex: The police arrested several conspirators involved in the plot to assassinate the president. 

Inaresto ng pulisya ang ilang konspirator na kasangkot sa balak na patayin ang presidente.

assassin
assassin
[Pangngalan]

someone who murders an important person for money or religious or political reasons

asesino, tagapaslang

asesino, tagapaslang

Ex: The assassin carefully planned the murder of the political leader. 

Ang assassin ay maingat na nagplano ng pagpatay sa lider pampulitika.

bandit
bandit
[Pangngalan]

a robber who attacks travelers and is a member of a group of robbers

bandido, tulisan

bandido, tulisan

Ex: Legends of bandits hiding stolen treasure in the old mines attracted treasure hunters to the area. 

Ang mga alamat ng mga bandido na nagtatago ng ninakaw na kayamanan sa mga lumang mina ay nakakaakit ng mga treasure hunter sa lugar.

gangster
gangster
[Pangngalan]

a member of a group of criminals

gangster, kasapi ng isang grupo ng kriminal

gangster, kasapi ng isang grupo ng kriminal

Ex: The city was plagued by gangsters involved in drug trafficking and extortion. 

Ang lungsod ay pinahirapan ng mga gangster na sangkot sa drug trafficking at extortion.

juvenile delinquent

a young person who commits a crime

batang kriminal, kabataang nagkasala

batang kriminal, kabataang nagkasala

Ex: The court ordered counseling for the juvenile delinquent after multiple offenses. 

Iniutos ng korte ang pagpapayo para sa batang delinquent matapos ang maraming paglabag.

imprisonment
imprisonment
[Pangngalan]

the act of confining someone in prison or otherwise depriving them of freedom, or the state of being so confined

pagkakabilanggo,  pagkakakulong

pagkakabilanggo, pagkakakulong

Ex: The judge sentenced Daniel to five years of imprisonment. 
inmate
inmate
[Pangngalan]

a person who is held in a prison or correctional facility

bilanggo, preso

bilanggo, preso

Ex: The prison housed over a thousand inmates serving various sentences. 

Ang bilangguan ay naglalaman ng mahigit isang libong bilanggo na naglilingkod ng iba't ibang sentensya.

convict
convict
[Pangngalan]

a person serving a prison sentence after being found guilty of a crime

bilanggo,  nasentensiyahan

bilanggo, nasentensiyahan

Ex: The escaped convict was captured near the state border. 
capital punishment
capital punishment
[Pangngalan]

the killing of a criminal as punishment

parusang kamatayan, parusang capital

parusang kamatayan, parusang capital

Ex: The debate over capital punishment continues to be a contentious issue in many countries. 

Ang debate tungkol sa parusang kamatayan ay patuloy na isang kontrobersyal na isyu sa maraming bansa.

confession
confession
[Pangngalan]

a formal statement made by a person admitting that they are guilty of a crime

pag-amin,  pagkumpisal

pag-amin, pagkumpisal

Ex: The suspect's confession led to his arrest and subsequent trial. 

Ang pag-amin ng suspek ay nagdulot ng kanyang pag-aresto at kasunod na paglilitis.

to inspect
to inspect
[Pandiwa]

to officially or systematically examine something to make sure it is safe, satisfactory, or meets required standards

inspeksyunin,  suriin

inspeksyunin, suriin

Ex: A health officer inspected the restaurant for safety violations. 
corrupt
corrupt
[pang-uri]

using one's power or authority to do illegal things for personal gain or financial benefit

tiwali, korap

tiwali, korap

Ex: The corrupt politician embezzled public funds for personal gain. 

Ang tiwaling pulitiko ay nagnakaw ng pampublikong pondo para sa personal na pakinabang.

execution
execution
[Pangngalan]

the act of putting someone to death as a legal punishment

pagbitay

pagbitay

Ex: The prisoner faced execution after his final appeal was rejected. 
to raid
to raid
[Pandiwa]

of police or other authorities, to enter a place suddenly in order to arrest people or find illegal goods or evidence

mag-raid,  magsagawa ng pagsalakay

mag-raid, magsagawa ng pagsalakay

Ex: Police raided the apartment early in the morning. 
fingerprint
fingerprint
[Pangngalan]

a mark made by the unique pattern of lines on the tip of a person's finger, can be used to find out who has committed a crime

bakas ng daliri, marka ng daliri

bakas ng daliri, marka ng daliri

Ex: Detectives found a clear fingerprint on the window sill, leading to the identification of the burglar. 

Natagpuan ng mga detective ang isang malinaw na bakas ng daliri sa bintana, na nagdulot ng pagkakakilanlan sa magnanakaw.

forensic
forensic
[pang-uri]

related to the use of scientific techniques when trying to know more about a crime

pamporensik, kriminalistiko

pamporensik, kriminalistiko

Ex: The forensic team collected DNA, fingerprint, and fiber evidence from the crime scene. 

Ang pangkat ng forensic ay nakakolekta ng ebidensya ng DNA, fingerprint, at fiber mula sa crime scene.

probation
probation
[Pangngalan]

a legal arrangement in which a convicted offender is released under specific conditions instead of serving time in prison

probasyon, pagsubok na panahon

probasyon, pagsubok na panahon

Ex: The judge sentenced him to five years' probation. 

Hinatulan siya ng hukom ng limang taong probasyon.

record
record
[Pangngalan]

official information that indicates a person has committed a crime

talaang kriminal, rekord ng krimen

talaang kriminal, rekord ng krimen

Ex: She was concerned that her minor offense would appear on her permanent record. 
goon
goon
[Pangngalan]

a criminal hired to harm or threaten people

tampalasan, bayolente

tampalasan, bayolente

Ex: The goon stood menacingly outside the nightclub, eyeing everyone who passed by with suspicion. 

Ang goon ay nakatayo nang nagbabanta sa labas ng nightclub, tinitigan nang may hinala ang bawat dumadaan.

death squad
death squad
[Pangngalan]

a group of armed people who illegally kill supporters of an opposing political party or criminals

pangkatan ng kamatayan, grupo ng mga mamamatay-tao

pangkatan ng kamatayan, grupo ng mga mamamatay-tao

Ex: The dictator's regime employed ruthless death squads to eliminate political opponents and dissenters. 

Ang rehimen ng diktador ay gumamit ng walang awang death squad upang alisin ang mga kalabang pampulitika at mga dissenters.

henchman
henchman
[Pangngalan]

someone who faithfully supports a person in power and is willing to do things for them that are illegal or violent

alipores, tauhan

alipores, tauhan

Ex: The crime lord's henchman carried out the orders without question, ensuring that his boss's interests were protected at any cost. 

Isinagawa ng alipores ng crime lord ang mga utos nang walang pagtatanong, tinitiyak na protektado ang mga interes ng kanyang boss sa anumang halaga.

hired gun
hired gun
[Pangngalan]

a professional assassin, typically armed and employed to commit murder

upahang mamamatay-tao, bayarang mamamatay-tao

upahang mamamatay-tao, bayarang mamamatay-tao

Ex: Detectives traced the murder to a hired gun. 

Sinundan ng mga detektib ang pagpatay hanggang sa isang upahang mamamatay-tao.

gun for hire
gun for hire
[Pangngalan]

an individual who does immoral or violent things for money

bayarang mamamatay-tao, upahang tagabaril

bayarang mamamatay-tao, upahang tagabaril

Ex: The notorious criminal was known as a ruthless gun for hire, taking contracts to eliminate rivals without hesitation. 

Ang kilalang-kilalang kriminal ay kilala bilang isang walang-awang bayarang killer, na tumatanggap ng mga kontrata upang alisin ang mga kalaban nang walang pag-aatubili.

gunslinger
gunslinger
[Pangngalan]

a person who is skilled at shooting a gun and is hired to kill someone, used particularly in the past in the American Wild West

baril, tirador

baril, tirador

Ex: The gunslinger walked into the saloon with a confident swagger, his reputation preceding him. 

Ang gunslinger ay pumasok sa saloon na may kumpiyansa sa sarili, nauna ang kanyang reputasyon.

breaking and entering

the crime of using force to illegally enter a building

Ex: He was arrested for breaking and entering. 
to finger
to finger
[Pandiwa]

to identify or point out someone as the person responsible for committing a crime or wrongdoing, often to law enforcement or other authorities

ituro, kilalanin

ituro, kilalanin

Ex: The informant was willing to finger the drug lord to the authorities in exchange for immunity. 
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