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Architecture et Construction - Architecture Médiévale

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais liés à l'architecture médiévale tels que "lanterne", "clocher" et "douves".

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Words Related to Architecture and Construction
tracery
tracery
[nom]

the ornamental stonework or decorative patterns of interlacing shapes and lines, typically found in Gothic architecture

tracé ornemental, réseau de pierre

tracé ornemental, réseau de pierre

garth
garth
[nom]

an enclosed courtyard or garden, typically surrounded by buildings or walls

une cour intérieure, un jardin clos

une cour intérieure, un jardin clos

boss
boss
[nom]

a decorative protruding knob or ornament found at the intersection of ribs in vaulted ceilings or at the center of a ceiling or arch

clé de voûte, culot

clé de voûte, culot

cresset
cresset
[nom]

a decorative or functional vessel for holding burning material, used for lighting purposes

brasero, lampe à huile

brasero, lampe à huile

buttress

a protruding structure that supports a building or wall and is made out of bricks or stones

contrefort

contrefort

Ex: The Gothic revival mansion had ornamental buttresses that added a sense of drama and verticality to its façade , evoking the spirit of medieval architecture .Le manoir néo-gothique avait des **contreforts** ornementaux qui ajoutaient un sens du drame et de la verticalité à sa façade, évoquant l'esprit de l'architecture médiévale.
tympanum

the semi-circular or triangular space enclosed by the lintel and arch above a doorway, often decorated with sculptural reliefs or intricate designs

tympan, tympanon

tympan, tympanon

Ex: The medieval castle 's great hall featured a tympanum above the entrance , adorned with the coat of arms of the ruling family , signaling their authority and power .La grande salle du château médiéval présentait un **tympan** au-dessus de l'entrée, orné des armoiries de la famille régnante, signalant leur autorité et leur pouvoir.
fan tracery

a decorative architectural feature commonly found in Gothic architecture, characterized by a fan-like pattern of interlocking stone ribs or wooden beams that create intricate vaulted ceilings or window designs

réseau en éventail, tracerie en éventail

réseau en éventail, tracerie en éventail

turret
turret
[nom]

a small tower attached on top of a castle, large building, or wall

tourelle

tourelle

battlement

a low wall with alternating raised sections and indentations built along the top of a fortified structure for defensive purposes

créneau, rempart

créneau, rempart

machicolation

an architectural feature commonly found in medieval fortifications, consisting of openings or holes in the floor or wall that allowed defenders to drop projectiles or pour boiling substances on attackers below

mâchicoulis, archère

mâchicoulis, archère

belfry
belfry
[nom]

a chamber or compartment in a tower or building where bells are stored or rung

beffroi, clocher

beffroi, clocher

arrow slit

a narrow vertical opening in medieval fortifications for shooting arrows

meurtrière, archère

meurtrière, archère

hoarding

a temporary wooden fence or barricade erected for protection or construction purposes

palissade, barrière en bois

palissade, barrière en bois

lantern
lantern
[nom]

a small, decorative structure with windows that allow light to enter and illuminate the surrounding area

lanterne, fanal

lanterne, fanal

bartizan

a small, turret-like structure typically found on the corners or edges of a fortified building, often used for observation or defense

bartizan, échauguette

bartizan, échauguette

bell tower

a tall structure designed to house and ring bells, serving as a prominent architectural feature and often associated with religious or civic buildings

clocher, tour clocher

clocher, tour clocher

guardroom

a designated space or building where guards or sentries are stationed to perform security duties and maintain surveillance over a specific area or entrance

poste de garde, corps de garde

poste de garde, corps de garde

gatehouse

a fortified structure or building that serves as an entrance or gateway to a larger complex, such as a castle or estate, often featuring defensive features such as towers, walls, and gates

maison de garde, logis-portier

maison de garde, logis-portier

moat
moat
[nom]

a wide and deep hole, often filled with water, that is dug around a castle and used as an extra protection against attack of enemies

douves

douves

counterguard

a defensive fortification or rampart that is positioned in front of or outside the main fortification, providing an additional layer of protection and serving as a barrier against enemy attacks

contregarde, ouvrage avancé

contregarde, ouvrage avancé

glacis
glacis
[nom]

a sloping earthwork or artificial slope in front of a fortification or defensive structure, designed to protect it from direct enemy fire and to make it more difficult for attackers to approach

glacis, pente douce

glacis, pente douce

chemin de ronde

a raised walkway or path built along the top of a defensive wall or fortification, allowing guards to patrol and monitor the perimeter for potential threats

chemin de ronde

chemin de ronde

hornwork

an outwork fortification that is shaped like a horn or crescent and is typically located in front of a main fortification or entrance

ouvrage en corne, fortification en forme de corne

ouvrage en corne, fortification en forme de corne

keep
keep
[nom]

the central tower of a castle or fortress, typically the strongest and most secure part

fortification

a defensive structure or system constructed to protect an area or position from enemy attacks, typically including walls, towers, and other defensive elements

fortification, ouvrage défensif

fortification, ouvrage défensif

portcullis

a heavy, vertically sliding gate or barrier made of metal or wood, typically found in medieval fortifications, that is used to control access to a castle, fortress, or other fortified structure

herse, porte à coulisse verticale

herse, porte à coulisse verticale

barbican

a fortified entrance structure for protection and control

barbacane, avant-poste fortifié

barbacane, avant-poste fortifié

bastion
bastion
[nom]

a fortified structure extending from a wall, typically angled, for defensive purposes

bastion

bastion

Ex: Arrow slits in the bastions allowed defenders to fire upon attackers gathering at the base of the fortifications .Les meurtrières dans les **bastions** permettaient aux défenseurs de tirer sur les assaillants rassemblés au pied des fortifications.
embrasure

an opening or loophole in a fortification or wall, usually in the form of a narrow vertical slit, designed for observation or the discharge of weapons

embrasure, meurtrière

embrasure, meurtrière

sally port

a secure gate or entrance in a fortification or defensive wall that allows for controlled entry and exit, often used for sallies or sorties during a siege

poterne, porte de sortie

poterne, porte de sortie

ravelin
ravelin
[nom]

a triangular or polygonal fortification with a raised platform located outside the main defensive walls of a fortress, used to defend the approach and provide additional protection against enemy attacks

ravelin, demi-lune

ravelin, demi-lune

curtain tower

a tower located within the walls of a castle or fortress, used to provide additional space for soldiers or for storing weapons and supplies

tour de rideau, tour de courtine

tour de rideau, tour de courtine

cusp
cusp
[nom]

the point or curve formed by the intersection of two arcs or curves, commonly seen in the tracery of Gothic architecture

la pointe, le sommet

la pointe, le sommet

great hall

a large, grand room within a building, often found in medieval castles or palaces, used for dining, entertaining, and important gatherings

grande salle, salle des fêtes

grande salle, salle des fêtes

ball-flower

a decorative motif or ornament in the shape of a small spherical bud or flower, typically found in Gothic architecture

boule-fleur, fleur en boule

boule-fleur, fleur en boule

brattishing

a decorative architectural feature that involves creating a sequence of small projecting elements in a repeating pattern along the top of a parapet or gable

brattissage, ornementation architecturale en saillie

brattissage, ornementation architecturale en saillie

trefoil
trefoil
[nom]

a decorative architectural element or design motif consisting of three overlapping circles or lobes, often used in Gothic architecture and representing the leaves of a clover

trèfle, motif trilobé

trèfle, motif trilobé

citadel
citadel
[nom]

a fortified stronghold, often situated in a commanding location for defense purposes

citadelle

citadelle

Ex: During times of war , the citadel served as a refuge for the city 's inhabitants , offering shelter and safety .Pendant les périodes de guerre, la **citadelle** servait de refuge aux habitants de la ville, offrant un abri et une sécurité.
dungeon
dungeon
[nom]

the central tower of a medieval castle or fortress, often serving as the main stronghold

donjon

donjon

Ex: The lord resided in the dungeon while overseeing the surrounding lands .
watchtower

a tall structure or building used for observation and surveillance, often associated with defensive or strategic purposes

tour de guet, mirador

tour de guet, mirador

motte-and-bailey castle

an old fortified castle that is surrounded by an outer wall and is located on a small hill

motte castrale, motte féodale

motte castrale, motte féodale

postern
postern
[nom]

a small gate or door, often found in the walls of a fortification or castle, providing a secondary or discreet entrance or exit

poterne, porte dérobée

poterne, porte dérobée

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