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Architektura a Stavba - Medieval Architecture

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související se středověkou architekturou jako „lantern“, „bell tower“ a „moat“.

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Words Related to Architecture and Construction
tracery
[Podstatné jméno]

the ornamental stonework or decorative patterns of interlacing shapes and lines, typically found in Gothic architecture

tracérie, zdobné kamenictví

tracérie, zdobné kamenictví

garth
[Podstatné jméno]

an enclosed courtyard or garden, typically surrounded by buildings or walls

zahrada, dvůr

zahrada, dvůr

boss
[Podstatné jméno]

a decorative protruding knob or ornament found at the intersection of ribs in vaulted ceilings or at the center of a ceiling or arch

klenák, boská

klenák, boská

cresset
[Podstatné jméno]

a decorative or functional vessel for holding burning material, used for lighting purposes

kalamář, lampion

kalamář, lampion

buttress
[Podstatné jméno]

a protruding structure that supports a building or wall and is made out of bricks or stones

opora, podpora

opora, podpora

Ex: The Gothic revival mansion had buttresses that added a sense of drama and verticality to its façade , evoking the spirit of medieval architecture .
tympanum
[Podstatné jméno]

the semi-circular or triangular space enclosed by the lintel and arch above a doorway, often decorated with sculptural reliefs or intricate designs

tympan, tympán

tympan, tympán

Ex: The medieval castle 's great hall featured tympanum above the entrance , adorned with the coat of arms of the ruling family , signaling their authority and power .
fan tracery
[Podstatné jméno]

a decorative architectural feature commonly found in Gothic architecture, characterized by a fan-like pattern of interlocking stone ribs or wooden beams that create intricate vaulted ceilings or window designs

vějířová klenba, vějířová kresba

vějířová klenba, vějířová kresba

turret
[Podstatné jméno]

a small tower attached on top of a castle, large building, or wall

věžička, torz

věžička, torz

battlement
[Podstatné jméno]

a low wall with alternating raised sections and indentations built along the top of a fortified structure for defensive purposes

cimbuří, bastion

cimbuří, bastion

machicolation
[Podstatné jméno]

an architectural feature commonly found in medieval fortifications, consisting of openings or holes in the floor or wall that allowed defenders to drop projectiles or pour boiling substances on attackers below

machikolační otvor, machikolační prvek

machikolační otvor, machikolační prvek

belfry
[Podstatné jméno]

a chamber or compartment in a tower or building where bells are stored or rung

zvonicový pokoj, zvonička

zvonicový pokoj, zvonička

arrow slit
[Podstatné jméno]

a narrow vertical opening in medieval fortifications for shooting arrows

šibenice, střelnice

šibenice, střelnice

hoarding
[Podstatné jméno]

a temporary wooden fence or barricade erected for protection or construction purposes

ohláška, zábrana

ohláška, zábrana

lantern
[Podstatné jméno]

a small, decorative structure with windows that allow light to enter and illuminate the surrounding area

lampa, lucerna

lampa, lucerna

bartizan
[Podstatné jméno]

a small, turret-like structure typically found on the corners or edges of a fortified building, often used for observation or defense

bastion, věžička

bastion, věžička

bell tower
[Podstatné jméno]

a tall structure designed to house and ring bells, serving as a prominent architectural feature and often associated with religious or civic buildings

zvonnice, věž se zvonem

zvonnice, věž se zvonem

guardroom
[Podstatné jméno]

a designated space or building where guards or sentries are stationed to perform security duties and maintain surveillance over a specific area or entrance

strážnice, strážní místnost

strážnice, strážní místnost

gatehouse
[Podstatné jméno]

a fortified structure or building that serves as an entrance or gateway to a larger complex, such as a castle or estate, often featuring defensive features such as towers, walls, and gates

brána, přístupová věž

brána, přístupová věž

moat
[Podstatné jméno]

a wide and deep hole, often filled with water, that is dug around a castle and used as an extra protection against attack of enemies

příkop, okop

příkop, okop

counterguard
[Podstatné jméno]

a defensive fortification or rampart that is positioned in front of or outside the main fortification, providing an additional layer of protection and serving as a barrier against enemy attacks

předsunutá opevnění, přední opevnění

předsunutá opevnění, přední opevnění

glacis
[Podstatné jméno]

a sloping earthwork or artificial slope in front of a fortification or defensive structure, designed to protect it from direct enemy fire and to make it more difficult for attackers to approach

glacis, svah

glacis, svah

chemin de ronde
[Podstatné jméno]

a raised walkway or path built along the top of a defensive wall or fortification, allowing guards to patrol and monitor the perimeter for potential threats

ochodza, pochodová cesta

ochodza, pochodová cesta

hornwork
[Podstatné jméno]

an outwork fortification that is shaped like a horn or crescent and is typically located in front of a main fortification or entrance

rohová pevnost, předpevnůstka

rohová pevnost, předpevnůstka

keep
[Podstatné jméno]

the central fortified tower or stronghold within a castle or fortification

donjon, hradní věž

donjon, hradní věž

fortification
[Podstatné jméno]

a defensive structure or system constructed to protect an area or position from enemy attacks, typically including walls, towers, and other defensive elements

pevnost, opevnění

pevnost, opevnění

portcullis
[Podstatné jméno]

a heavy, vertically sliding gate or barrier made of metal or wood, typically found in medieval fortifications, that is used to control access to a castle, fortress, or other fortified structure

mřížová brána, padací vrata

mřížová brána, padací vrata

barbican
[Podstatné jméno]

a fortified entrance structure for protection and control

barbakán, pevnostní vchod

barbakán, pevnostní vchod

bastion
[Podstatné jméno]

a fortified structure extending from a wall, typically angled, for defensive purposes

bastion, opevněná věž

bastion, opevněná věž

Ex: Arrow slits in bastions allowed defenders to fire upon attackers gathering at the base of the fortifications .
embrasure
[Podstatné jméno]

an opening or loophole in a fortification or wall, usually in the form of a narrow vertical slit, designed for observation or the discharge of weapons

střílna, otvor

střílna, otvor

sally port
[Podstatné jméno]

a secure gate or entrance in a fortification or defensive wall that allows for controlled entry and exit, often used for sallies or sorties during a siege

zabezpečený vchod, salyport

zabezpečený vchod, salyport

ravelin
[Podstatné jméno]

a triangular or polygonal fortification with a raised platform located outside the main defensive walls of a fortress, used to defend the approach and provide additional protection against enemy attacks

ravelin, ravelín

ravelin, ravelín

curtain tower
[Podstatné jméno]

a tower located within the walls of a castle or fortress, used to provide additional space for soldiers or for storing weapons and supplies

zábradlová věž, pásová věž

zábradlová věž, pásová věž

cusp
[Podstatné jméno]

the point or curve formed by the intersection of two arcs or curves, commonly seen in the tracery of Gothic architecture

štíhlé zakončení, hrana

štíhlé zakončení, hrana

great hall
[Podstatné jméno]

a large, grand room within a building, often found in medieval castles or palaces, used for dining, entertaining, and important gatherings

velká síň, hodovní síň

velká síň, hodovní síň

ball-flower
[Podstatné jméno]

a decorative motif or ornament in the shape of a small spherical bud or flower, typically found in Gothic architecture

koule-květ, kulovitá květina

koule-květ, kulovitá květina

brattishing
[Podstatné jméno]

a decorative architectural feature that involves creating a sequence of small projecting elements in a repeating pattern along the top of a parapet or gable

brattíšování, zdobné nároží

brattíšování, zdobné nároží

trefoil
[Podstatné jméno]

a decorative architectural element or design motif consisting of three overlapping circles or lobes, often used in Gothic architecture and representing the leaves of a clover

trojlístek, trifolium

trojlístek, trifolium

citadel
[Podstatné jméno]

a fortified stronghold, often situated in a commanding location for defense purposes

pevnost, hrad

pevnost, hrad

Ex: During times of war , citadel served as a refuge for the city 's inhabitants , offering shelter and safety .
dungeon
[Podstatné jméno]

a guarded dark underground space usually in a castle, used to keep prisoners

vězení, kobka

vězení, kobka

watchtower
[Podstatné jméno]

a tall structure or building used for observation and surveillance, often associated with defensive or strategic purposes

hlídková věž, pozorovací věž

hlídková věž, pozorovací věž

motte-and-bailey castle
[Podstatné jméno]

an old fortified castle that is surrounded by an outer wall and is located on a small hill

motte-bailey hrad, hrad s motte a bailey

motte-bailey hrad, hrad s motte a bailey

postern
[Podstatné jméno]

a small gate or door, often found in the walls of a fortification or castle, providing a secondary or discreet entrance or exit

zpětný vchod, boční brána

zpětný vchod, boční brána

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