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建築と建設 - 中世の建築

ここでは「灯籠」「鐘楼」「堀」など中世建築に関する英単語を学びます。

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Words Related to Architecture and Construction
tracery

the ornamental stonework or decorative patterns of interlacing shapes and lines, typically found in Gothic architecture

網目模様

網目模様

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[名詞]
garth

an enclosed courtyard or garden, typically surrounded by buildings or walls

ガース

ガース

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[名詞]
boss

a decorative protruding knob or ornament found at the intersection of ribs in vaulted ceilings or at the center of a ceiling or arch

ボス

ボス

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[名詞]
cresset

a decorative or functional vessel for holding burning material, used for lighting purposes

クレセット

クレセット

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[名詞]
butress

a supportive structure in architecture, often in the form of a projecting wall or pillar, used to reinforce and stabilize a building

援護

援護

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[名詞]
tympanum

the semi-circular or triangular space enclosed by the lintel and arch above a doorway, often decorated with sculptural reliefs or intricate designs

鼓膜 (建築)

鼓膜 (建築)

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[名詞]
fan tracery

a decorative architectural feature commonly found in Gothic architecture, characterized by a fan-like pattern of interlocking stone ribs or wooden beams that create intricate vaulted ceilings or window designs

ファントレーサリー

ファントレーサリー

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[名詞]
turret

a small tower attached on top of a castle, large building, or wall

櫓

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[名詞]
battlement

a low wall with alternating raised sections and indentations built along the top of a fortified structure for defensive purposes

胸壁

胸壁

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[名詞]
machicolation

an architectural feature commonly found in medieval fortifications, consisting of openings or holes in the floor or wall that allowed defenders to drop projectiles or pour boiling substances on attackers below

機械化

機械化

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[名詞]
belfry

a chamber or compartment in a tower or building where bells are stored or rung

鐘楼

鐘楼

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[名詞]
arrow slit

a narrow vertical opening in medieval fortifications for shooting arrows

アロースリット

アロースリット

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[名詞]
hoarding

a temporary wooden fence or barricade erected for protection or construction purposes

死蔵

死蔵

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[名詞]
lantern

a small, decorative structure with windows that allow light to enter and illuminate the surrounding area

ランタン

ランタン

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[名詞]
bartizan

a small, turret-like structure typically found on the corners or edges of a fortified building, often used for observation or defense

バーチザン

バーチザン

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[名詞]
bell tower

a tall structure designed to house and ring bells, serving as a prominent architectural feature and often associated with religious or civic buildings

鐘楼

鐘楼

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[名詞]
guardroom

a designated space or building where guards or sentries are stationed to perform security duties and maintain surveillance over a specific area or entrance

警備室

警備室

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[名詞]
gatehouse

a fortified structure or building that serves as an entrance or gateway to a larger complex, such as a castle or estate, often featuring defensive features such as towers, walls, and gates

ゲートハウス

ゲートハウス

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[名詞]
moat

a wide and deep hole, often filled with water, that is dug around a castle and used as an extra protection against attack of enemies

堀

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[名詞]
counterguard

a defensive fortification or rampart that is positioned in front of or outside the main fortification, providing an additional layer of protection and serving as a barrier against enemy attacks

カウンターガード

カウンターガード

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[名詞]
glacis

a sloping earthwork or artificial slope in front of a fortification or defensive structure, designed to protect it from direct enemy fire and to make it more difficult for attackers to approach

グラシス

グラシス

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[名詞]
chemin de ronde

a raised walkway or path built along the top of a defensive wall or fortification, allowing guards to patrol and monitor the perimeter for potential threats

シュマン・ド・ロンド

シュマン・ド・ロンド

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[名詞]
hornwork

an outwork fortification that is shaped like a horn or crescent and is typically located in front of a main fortification or entrance

角細工

角細工

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[名詞]
keep

the central fortified tower or stronghold within a castle or fortification

保つ

保つ

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[名詞]
fortification

a defensive structure or system constructed to protect an area or position from enemy attacks, typically including walls, towers, and other defensive elements

要塞

要塞

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[名詞]
portcullis

a heavy, vertically sliding gate or barrier made of metal or wood, typically found in medieval fortifications, that is used to control access to a castle, fortress, or other fortified structure

ポルトキュリス

ポルトキュリス

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[名詞]
barbican

a fortified entrance structure for protection and control

バービカン

バービカン

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[名詞]
bastion

a fortified structure extending from a wall, typically angled, for defensive purposes

砦

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[名詞]
embrasure

an opening or loophole in a fortification or wall, usually in the form of a narrow vertical slit, designed for observation or the discharge of weapons

銃撃

銃撃

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[名詞]
sally port

a secure gate or entrance in a fortification or defensive wall that allows for controlled entry and exit, often used for sallies or sorties during a siege

サリーポート

サリーポート

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[名詞]
ravelin

a triangular or polygonal fortification with a raised platform located outside the main defensive walls of a fortress, used to defend the approach and provide additional protection against enemy attacks

ラベリン

ラベリン

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[名詞]
curtain tower

a tower located within the walls of a castle or fortress, used to provide additional space for soldiers or for storing weapons and supplies

カーテンタワー

カーテンタワー

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[名詞]
cusp

the point or curve formed by the intersection of two arcs or curves, commonly seen in the tracery of Gothic architecture

先端

先端

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[名詞]
great hall

a large, grand room within a building, often found in medieval castles or palaces, used for dining, entertaining, and important gatherings

大広間

大広間

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[名詞]
ball-flower

a decorative motif or ornament in the shape of a small spherical bud or flower, typically found in Gothic architecture

ボールフラワー

ボールフラワー

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[名詞]
brattishing

a decorative architectural feature that involves creating a sequence of small projecting elements in a repeating pattern along the top of a parapet or gable

乱暴な

乱暴な

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[名詞]
trefoil

a decorative architectural element or design motif consisting of three overlapping circles or lobes, often used in Gothic architecture and representing the leaves of a clover

三つ葉

三つ葉

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[名詞]
citadel

a fortified stronghold, often situated in a commanding location for defense purposes

砦

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[名詞]
dungeon

a guarded dark underground space usually in a castle, used to keep prisoners

監獄

監獄

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[名詞]
watchtower

a tall structure or building used for observation and surveillance, often associated with defensive or strategic purposes

望楼

望楼

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[名詞]
motte-and-bailey castle

an old fortified castle that is surrounded by an outer wall and is located on a small hill

モット アンド ベイリー城

モット アンド ベイリー城

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[名詞]
postern

a small gate or door, often found in the walls of a fortification or castle, providing a secondary or discreet entrance or exit

ポスター

ポスター

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[名詞]
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