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建築と建設 - Medieval Architecture

ここでは「灯籠」「鐘楼」「堀」など中世建築に関する英単語を学びます。

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Words Related to Architecture and Construction
tracery

the ornamental stonework or decorative patterns of interlacing shapes and lines, typically found in Gothic architecture

トレーサリー, 装飾パターン

トレーサリー, 装飾パターン

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[名詞]
garth

an enclosed courtyard or garden, typically surrounded by buildings or walls

中庭, 囲われた庭

中庭, 囲われた庭

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[名詞]
boss

a decorative protruding knob or ornament found at the intersection of ribs in vaulted ceilings or at the center of a ceiling or arch

ボス, 装飾ノブ

ボス, 装飾ノブ

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[名詞]
cresset

a decorative or functional vessel for holding burning material, used for lighting purposes

松明, 容器

松明, 容器

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[名詞]
buttress

a protruding structure that supports a building or wall and is made out of bricks or stones

控え壁, 支え

控え壁, 支え

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[名詞]
tympanum

the semi-circular or triangular space enclosed by the lintel and arch above a doorway, often decorated with sculptural reliefs or intricate designs

ティンパヌム

ティンパヌム

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[名詞]
fan tracery

a decorative architectural feature commonly found in Gothic architecture, characterized by a fan-like pattern of interlocking stone ribs or wooden beams that create intricate vaulted ceilings or window designs

ファントレースリー, 扇形トレースリー

ファントレースリー, 扇形トレースリー

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[名詞]
turret

a small tower attached on top of a castle, large building, or wall

小さな塔, ターレット

小さな塔, ターレット

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[名詞]
battlement

a low wall with alternating raised sections and indentations built along the top of a fortified structure for defensive purposes

防壁, 堀補強

防壁, 堀補強

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[名詞]
machicolation

an architectural feature commonly found in medieval fortifications, consisting of openings or holes in the floor or wall that allowed defenders to drop projectiles or pour boiling substances on attackers below

マチコレーション, マチコレーション

マチコレーション, マチコレーション

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[名詞]
belfry

a chamber or compartment in a tower or building where bells are stored or rung

鐘楼, ベルタワー

鐘楼, ベルタワー

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[名詞]
arrow slit

a narrow vertical opening in medieval fortifications for shooting arrows

矢の割れ目, 矢孔

矢の割れ目, 矢孔

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[名詞]
hoarding

a temporary wooden fence or barricade erected for protection or construction purposes

仮設フェンス, 一時的なバリケード

仮設フェンス, 一時的なバリケード

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[名詞]
lantern

a small, decorative structure with windows that allow light to enter and illuminate the surrounding area

ランタン, 灯籠

ランタン, 灯籠

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[名詞]
bartizan

a small, turret-like structure typically found on the corners or edges of a fortified building, often used for observation or defense

バスティオン, 小塔

バスティオン, 小塔

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[名詞]
bell tower

a tall structure designed to house and ring bells, serving as a prominent architectural feature and often associated with religious or civic buildings

鐘楼, ベルタワー

鐘楼, ベルタワー

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[名詞]
guardroom

a designated space or building where guards or sentries are stationed to perform security duties and maintain surveillance over a specific area or entrance

守衛室, 警備室

守衛室, 警備室

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[名詞]
gatehouse

a fortified structure or building that serves as an entrance or gateway to a larger complex, such as a castle or estate, often featuring defensive features such as towers, walls, and gates

ゲートハウス, 門番の家

ゲートハウス, 門番の家

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[名詞]
moat

a wide and deep hole, often filled with water, that is dug around a castle and used as an extra protection against attack of enemies

堀, 堀り

堀, 堀り

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[名詞]
counterguard

a defensive fortification or rampart that is positioned in front of or outside the main fortification, providing an additional layer of protection and serving as a barrier against enemy attacks

カウンターガード, 防御壁

カウンターガード, 防御壁

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[名詞]
glacis

a sloping earthwork or artificial slope in front of a fortification or defensive structure, designed to protect it from direct enemy fire and to make it more difficult for attackers to approach

グラシス, 防御傾斜

グラシス, 防御傾斜

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[名詞]
chemin de ronde

a raised walkway or path built along the top of a defensive wall or fortification, allowing guards to patrol and monitor the perimeter for potential threats

見張り道, 防御回廊

見張り道, 防御回廊

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[名詞]
hornwork

an outwork fortification that is shaped like a horn or crescent and is typically located in front of a main fortification or entrance

角場, トゲ状要塞

角場, トゲ状要塞

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[名詞]
keep

the central fortified tower or stronghold within a castle or fortification

本丸, 天守

本丸, 天守

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[名詞]
fortification

a defensive structure or system constructed to protect an area or position from enemy attacks, typically including walls, towers, and other defensive elements

要塞, 砦

要塞, 砦

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[名詞]
portcullis

a heavy, vertically sliding gate or barrier made of metal or wood, typically found in medieval fortifications, that is used to control access to a castle, fortress, or other fortified structure

ポートカリス, 格子戸

ポートカリス, 格子戸

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[名詞]
barbican

a fortified entrance structure for protection and control

バービカン, 要塞化された入り口構造

バービカン, 要塞化された入り口構造

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[名詞]
bastion

a fortified structure extending from a wall, typically angled, for defensive purposes

バスティオン

バスティオン

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[名詞]
embrasure

an opening or loophole in a fortification or wall, usually in the form of a narrow vertical slit, designed for observation or the discharge of weapons

エンブレイジャー, 射撃口

エンブレイジャー, 射撃口

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[名詞]
sally port

a secure gate or entrance in a fortification or defensive wall that allows for controlled entry and exit, often used for sallies or sorties during a siege

出入口, 襲撃用門

出入口, 襲撃用門

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[名詞]
ravelin

a triangular or polygonal fortification with a raised platform located outside the main defensive walls of a fortress, used to defend the approach and provide additional protection against enemy attacks

ラベリン, バスティオン

ラベリン, バスティオン

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[名詞]
curtain tower

a tower located within the walls of a castle or fortress, used to provide additional space for soldiers or for storing weapons and supplies

カーテンタワー, 防御塔

カーテンタワー, 防御塔

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[名詞]
cusp

the point or curve formed by the intersection of two arcs or curves, commonly seen in the tracery of Gothic architecture

尖端, カスプ

尖端, カスプ

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[名詞]
great hall

a large, grand room within a building, often found in medieval castles or palaces, used for dining, entertaining, and important gatherings

大ホール, 壮大なホール

大ホール, 壮大なホール

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[名詞]
ball-flower

a decorative motif or ornament in the shape of a small spherical bud or flower, typically found in Gothic architecture

ボールフラワー, 球状の花

ボールフラワー, 球状の花

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[名詞]
brattishing

a decorative architectural feature that involves creating a sequence of small projecting elements in a repeating pattern along the top of a parapet or gable

ブラッティシング, 装飾的な建築的特徴

ブラッティシング, 装飾的な建築的特徴

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[名詞]
trefoil

a decorative architectural element or design motif consisting of three overlapping circles or lobes, often used in Gothic architecture and representing the leaves of a clover

トレフォイル, 三葉の装飾

トレフォイル, 三葉の装飾

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[名詞]
citadel

a fortified stronghold, often situated in a commanding location for defense purposes

要塞, 砦

要塞, 砦

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[名詞]
dungeon

a guarded dark underground space usually in a castle, used to keep prisoners

地下牢獄, ダンジョン

地下牢獄, ダンジョン

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[名詞]
watchtower

a tall structure or building used for observation and surveillance, often associated with defensive or strategic purposes

監視塔, 見張り塔

監視塔, 見張り塔

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[名詞]
motte-and-bailey castle

an old fortified castle that is surrounded by an outer wall and is located on a small hill

モット・アンド・ベイリー城, モット城

モット・アンド・ベイリー城, モット城

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[名詞]
postern

a small gate or door, often found in the walls of a fortification or castle, providing a secondary or discreet entrance or exit

裏門, 小さな門

裏門, 小さな門

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[名詞]
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