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Architettura e Costruzione - Architettura Medievale

Qui imparerai alcune parole inglesi relative all'architettura medievale come "lanterna", "campanile" e "fossato".

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Words Related to Architecture and Construction
tracery
tracery
[sostantivo]

the ornamental stonework or decorative patterns of interlacing shapes and lines, typically found in Gothic architecture

traceria, decorazione a traforo

traceria, decorazione a traforo

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garth
garth
[sostantivo]

an enclosed courtyard or garden, typically surrounded by buildings or walls

un cortile interno, un giardino recintato

un cortile interno, un giardino recintato

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boss
boss
[sostantivo]

a decorative protruding knob or ornament found at the intersection of ribs in vaulted ceilings or at the center of a ceiling or arch

chiave di volta, nodo decorativo

chiave di volta, nodo decorativo

Ex: The arch is decorated with a small boss at its center. 
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cresset
cresset
[sostantivo]

a decorative or functional vessel for holding burning material, used for lighting purposes

braciere, lampada a olio

braciere, lampada a olio

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buttress
buttress
[sostantivo]

a protruding structure that supports a building or wall and is made out of bricks or stones

contrafforte

contrafforte

Ex: The Gothic revival mansion had ornamental buttresses that added a sense of drama and verticality to its façade, evoking the spirit of medieval architecture. 

Il maniero in stile neogotico aveva contrafforti ornamentali che aggiungevano un senso di dramma e verticalità alla sua facciata, rievocando lo spirito dell'architettura medievale.

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tympanum
tympanum
[sostantivo]

the semi-circular or triangular space enclosed by the lintel and arch above a doorway, often decorated with sculptural reliefs or intricate designs

timpanon, timpano

timpanon, timpano

Ex: The medieval castle's great hall featured a tympanum above the entrance, adorned with the coat of arms of the ruling family, signaling their authority and power. 

La grande sala del castello medievale presentava un timpanum sopra l'ingresso, adornato con lo stemma della famiglia regnante, a simboleggiare la loro autorità e potere.

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fan tracery
fan tracery
[sostantivo]

a decorative architectural feature commonly found in Gothic architecture, characterized by a fan-like pattern of interlocking stone ribs or wooden beams that create intricate vaulted ceilings or window designs

traceria a ventaglio, decorazione a ventaglio

traceria a ventaglio, decorazione a ventaglio

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turret
turret
[sostantivo]

a small tower attached on top of a castle, large building, or wall

torretta, piccola torre

torretta, piccola torre

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battlement
battlement
[sostantivo]

a low wall with alternating raised sections and indentations built along the top of a fortified structure for defensive purposes

merlo, battifredo

merlo, battifredo

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machicolation
machicolation
[sostantivo]

an architectural feature commonly found in medieval fortifications, consisting of openings or holes in the floor or wall that allowed defenders to drop projectiles or pour boiling substances on attackers below

caditoia, piombatoio

caditoia, piombatoio

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belfry
belfry
[sostantivo]

a chamber or compartment in a tower or building where bells are stored or rung

campanile, torre campanaria

campanile, torre campanaria

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arrow slit
arrow slit
[sostantivo]

a narrow vertical opening in medieval fortifications for shooting arrows

feritoia, saettiera

feritoia, saettiera

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hoarding
hoarding
[sostantivo]

a temporary wooden fence or barricade erected for protection or construction purposes

recinzione in legno, barriera temporanea

recinzione in legno, barriera temporanea

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lantern
lantern
[sostantivo]

a small, decorative structure with windows that allow light to enter and illuminate the surrounding area

lanterna, fanale

lanterna, fanale

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bartizan
bartizan
[sostantivo]

a small, turret-like structure typically found on the corners or edges of a fortified building, often used for observation or defense

bartizano, garitta

bartizano, garitta

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bell tower
bell tower
[sostantivo]

a tall structure designed to house and ring bells, serving as a prominent architectural feature and often associated with religious or civic buildings

campanile, torre campanaria

campanile, torre campanaria

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guardroom
guardroom
[sostantivo]

a designated space or building where guards or sentries are stationed to perform security duties and maintain surveillance over a specific area or entrance

sala di guardia, corpo di guardia

sala di guardia, corpo di guardia

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gatehouse
gatehouse
[sostantivo]

a fortified structure or building that serves as an entrance or gateway to a larger complex, such as a castle or estate, often featuring defensive features such as towers, walls, and gates

casermetta, torre d'ingresso

casermetta, torre d'ingresso

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moat
moat
[sostantivo]

a wide and deep hole, often filled with water, that is dug around a castle and used as an extra protection against attack of enemies

fossato, vallo

fossato, vallo

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counterguard
counterguard
[sostantivo]

a defensive fortification or rampart that is positioned in front of or outside the main fortification, providing an additional layer of protection and serving as a barrier against enemy attacks

controscarpa, opera avanzata

controscarpa, opera avanzata

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glacis
glacis
[sostantivo]

a sloping earthwork or artificial slope in front of a fortification or defensive structure, designed to protect it from direct enemy fire and to make it more difficult for attackers to approach

glacis, pendio artificiale

glacis, pendio artificiale

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chemin de ronde
chemin de ronde
[sostantivo]

a raised walkway or path built along the top of a defensive wall or fortification, allowing guards to patrol and monitor the perimeter for potential threats

cammino di ronda

cammino di ronda

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hornwork
hornwork
[sostantivo]

an outwork fortification that is shaped like a horn or crescent and is typically located in front of a main fortification or entrance

opera a corno, fortificazione a forma di corno

opera a corno, fortificazione a forma di corno

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keep
keep
[sostantivo]

the central tower of a castle or fortress, typically the strongest and most secure part

maschio, torrione

maschio, torrione

Ex: The medieval keep was constructed of thick stone. 
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fortification
fortification
[sostantivo]

a defensive structure or system constructed to protect an area or position from enemy attacks, typically including walls, towers, and other defensive elements

fortificazione, struttura difensiva

fortificazione, struttura difensiva

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portcullis
portcullis
[sostantivo]

a heavy, vertically sliding gate or barrier made of metal or wood, typically found in medieval fortifications, that is used to control access to a castle, fortress, or other fortified structure

saracinesca, grata di chiusura

saracinesca, grata di chiusura

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barbican
barbican
[sostantivo]

a fortified entrance structure for protection and control

barbacane, struttura d'ingresso fortificata

barbacane, struttura d'ingresso fortificata

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bastion
bastion
[sostantivo]

a fortified structure extending from a wall, typically angled, for defensive purposes

bastione, baluardo

bastione, baluardo

Ex: Soldiers manned the battlements along the tops of the bastions, using the commanding views to spot any approaching enemy forces. 

I soldati presidiavano le merlature lungo le sommità dei bastioni, utilizzando le viste dominanti per avvistare eventuali forze nemiche in avvicinamento.

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embrasure
embrasure
[sostantivo]

an opening or loophole in a fortification or wall, usually in the form of a narrow vertical slit, designed for observation or the discharge of weapons

feritoia, cannone

feritoia, cannone

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sally port
sally port
[sostantivo]

a secure gate or entrance in a fortification or defensive wall that allows for controlled entry and exit, often used for sallies or sorties during a siege

porta di sortita, uscita di sicurezza

porta di sortita, uscita di sicurezza

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ravelin
ravelin
[sostantivo]

a triangular or polygonal fortification with a raised platform located outside the main defensive walls of a fortress, used to defend the approach and provide additional protection against enemy attacks

rivellino, mezzaluna

rivellino, mezzaluna

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curtain tower
curtain tower
[sostantivo]

a tower located within the walls of a castle or fortress, used to provide additional space for soldiers or for storing weapons and supplies

torre di cortina, torre cortina

torre di cortina, torre cortina

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cusp
cusp
[sostantivo]

the point or curve formed by the intersection of two arcs or curves, commonly seen in the tracery of Gothic architecture

la cuspide, il vertice

la cuspide, il vertice

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great hall
great hall
[sostantivo]

a large, grand room within a building, often found in medieval castles or palaces, used for dining, entertaining, and important gatherings

grande sala, sala delle feste

grande sala, sala delle feste

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ball-flower
ball-flower
[sostantivo]

a decorative motif or ornament in the shape of a small spherical bud or flower, typically found in Gothic architecture

fiore a palla, bocciolo ornamentale

fiore a palla, bocciolo ornamentale

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brattishing
brattishing
[sostantivo]

a decorative architectural feature that involves creating a sequence of small projecting elements in a repeating pattern along the top of a parapet or gable

brattishing, decorazione architettonica a sbalzo

brattishing, decorazione architettonica a sbalzo

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trefoil
trefoil
[sostantivo]

a decorative architectural element or design motif consisting of three overlapping circles or lobes, often used in Gothic architecture and representing the leaves of a clover

trifoglio, motivo trilobato

trifoglio, motivo trilobato

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citadel
citadel
[sostantivo]

a fortified stronghold, often situated in a commanding location for defense purposes

cittadella, fortezza

cittadella, fortezza

Ex: During times of war, the citadel served as a refuge for the city's inhabitants, offering shelter and safety. 

Durante i periodi di guerra, la cittadella serviva come rifugio per gli abitanti della città, offrendo riparo e sicurezza.

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dungeon
dungeon
[sostantivo]

the central tower of a medieval castle or fortress, often serving as the main stronghold

maschio, torrione

maschio, torrione

Ex: The lord resided in the dungeon while overseeing the surrounding lands. 

Il signore risiedeva nel mastio mentre sovrintendeva alle terre circostanti.

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watchtower
watchtower
[sostantivo]

a tall structure or building used for observation and surveillance, often associated with defensive or strategic purposes

torre di guardia, garitta

torre di guardia, garitta

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motte-and-bailey castle

an old fortified castle that is surrounded by an outer wall and is located on a small hill

castello motte e bailey, castello fortificato motte e cortile

castello motte e bailey, castello fortificato motte e cortile

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postern
postern
[sostantivo]

a small gate or door, often found in the walls of a fortification or castle, providing a secondary or discreet entrance or exit

postierla, porta secondaria

postierla, porta secondaria

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