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Musique - Notation musicale

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais liés à la notation musicale tels que "dièse", "point d'orgue" et "glissando".

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Words Related to Music
A
A
[nom]

the musical pitch A, which is a specific note in the diatonic scale commonly used in Western music

la note la, le la

la note la, le la

B
B
[nom]

the 7th note in the C-major scale

b

b

C
C
[nom]

the first note in the C-major scale

c

c

D
D
[nom]

the second note of the C-major scale

d

d

E
E
[nom]

the third note in the C-major scale

e

e

F
F
[nom]

the fourth note in the C-major scale

f

f

G
G
[nom]

the fifth note in the C-major scale

g

g

whole note

a musical note that is held or sustained for the duration of four beats in 4/4 time, typically denoted by an open oval shape

ronde, note entière

ronde, note entière

Ex: The pianist played a whole note in the left hand while embellishing the melody with the right hand. 
double whole note

a square-shaped notehead with no stem or flags representing a note duration equivalent to four whole notes in Western music

double ronde, carrée

double ronde, carrée

key
key
[nom]

a set of notes based on a particular note that form the tonal basis of a musical passage

tonalité

tonalité

Ex: The composer chose the key of G major for the symphony, emphasizing its bright and uplifting qualities. 
middle C

the C note situated approximately in the middle of the piano keyboard, often serving as a reference point for pitch

le do médian, le do central

le do médian, le do central

Ex: The melody begins with middle C, providing a stable starting point for the piece. 
natural
natural
[nom]

a symbol that cancels the effect of a sharp or flat, restoring the pitch of a note to its original state

bécarre, naturel

bécarre, naturel

Ex: The musician added a natural to the F note to return it to its original pitch after it had been previously sharpened. 
octave
octave
[nom]

the interval between the first and the last notes in eight diatonic degrees

octave

octave

Ex: The pianist played a scale that spanned a full octave. 
chord
chord
[nom]

three or more musical notes that form a harmony when played together

accord

accord

Ex: The guitarist strummed a G major chord to start the song. 
sharp
sharp
[nom]

a symbol used to raise the pitch of a note by a half step

dièse, signe dièse

dièse, signe dièse

Ex: The composer included a sharp before the F note to indicate it should be played one half step higher. 
double sharp

a musical symbol that indicates the raising of a note by two half steps or two semitones, equivalent to the same note as a natural but two half steps higher

double dièse, dièse double

double dièse, dièse double

flat
flat
[nom]

a musical symbol indicating a pitch that is one half step lower than the note indicated

bémol, bécarre inférieur

bémol, bécarre inférieur

half note

a note symbol that represents a duration equal to half the value of a whole note, typically lasting for two beats in 4/4 time

blanche

blanche

Ex: The melody features a series of half notes, creating a flowing rhythm throughout the piece. 
half step

the smallest interval used in Western music, equal to the distance between two adjacent notes on a keyboard or fretboard

demi-ton, semi-ton

demi-ton, semi-ton

fermata
fermata
[nom]

a musical symbol placed over a note or rest to indicate that it should be held longer than its normal duration

point d'orgue, fermata

point d'orgue, fermata

dot
dot
[nom]

a small round symbol in written music indicating augmentation of time by one half or staccato

point

point

double bar

a pair of upright lines in written music marking the end of a composition or a main passage

double mesure

double mesure

quarter note

a note symbol representing a duration equal to one quarter of the value of a whole note

noire, quart de note

noire, quart de note

Ex: The melody begins with a series of quarter notes, establishing the rhythmic pattern of the piece. 
tonic
tonic
[nom]

the first scale degree of a diatonic scale and the primary note upon which a musical composition or section is centered

tonique, premier degré de l'échelle diatonique

tonique, premier degré de l'échelle diatonique

Ex: The piece ended on the tonic, giving it a sense of finality and closure. 
staff
staff
[nom]

a set of five horizontal lines and the blank space between them on which a musical composition is written according to a pitch

portée

portée

ledger line

a short line added above or below the staff to represent a note that is outside the range of the staff

ligne supplémentaire, ligne ajoutée

ligne supplémentaire, ligne ajoutée

bar line

an upright line that separates the bars in written music

barre de mesure

barre de mesure

Ex: The composer drew a bar line to mark the end of each measure. 
maxima
maxima
[nom]

a note duration equivalent to 64 whole notes in Western music

maxima, quadruple longue

maxima, quadruple longue

quadruple note

a note duration equivalent to 16 whole notes in Western music

quadruple croche, seizième de note

quadruple croche, seizième de note

dotted bar line

a musical symbol indicating the end of a section or phrase in sheet music

barre de mesure pointillée, ligne de mesure en pointillés

barre de mesure pointillée, ligne de mesure en pointillés

clef
clef
[nom]

any of the signs written on the left-hand end of a staff indicating the pitch of the notes

clef, clé

clef, clé

Ex: The sheet music was marked with a treble clef at the beginning of the staff, indicating that it was intended for higher-pitched instruments or voices. 
G clef
G clef
[nom]

a musical symbol that indicates the position of the G note on the staff, also known as the treble clef

clef de sol, clef de sol

clef de sol, clef de sol

C clef
C clef
[nom]

a musical symbol used to indicate the position of middle C on a staff, and is commonly used for notating the pitches of instruments such as viola, bassoon, and cello

clé d'ut, clé de do

clé d'ut, clé de do

F clef
F clef
[nom]

a musical symbol that indicates the position of the F note on the staff, also known as the bass clef

clé de fa, clef de fa

clé de fa, clef de fa

octave clef

a musical symbol used to indicate that the written notes should be played or sung one octave higher or lower than notated

clé d'octave, clef d'octave

clé d'octave, clef d'octave

neutral clef

a type of clef used to notate rhythms without specifying pitch, commonly for percussion instruments

clef neutre, clef de percussion

clef neutre, clef de percussion

tablature

a system of musical notation used for fretted string instruments, representing finger placement on the instrument's strings and frets

tablature, partition en tablature

tablature, partition en tablature

Ex: He learned to play the song by reading the tablature rather than traditional sheet music. 
eighth note

a musical note symbol representing a duration equal to one eighth of the value of a whole note

croche

croche

Ex: The melody featured a rapid succession of eighth notes, creating a sense of momentum in the music. 
sixteenth note

a musical note symbol representing a duration equal to one sixteenth of the value of a whole note

double croche, seizième de note

double croche, seizième de note

Ex: The melody began with a sixteenth note, introducing a rapid rhythmic pattern. 
thirty-second note

a note symbol representing a duration equal to one thirty-second of the value of a whole note

triple croche, trente-deuxième note

triple croche, trente-deuxième note

Ex: The fast-paced section of the piece featured a flurry of thirty-second notes, showcasing the virtuosity of the performer. 
sixty-fourth note

a musical note symbol representing a duration equal to one sixty-fourth of the value of a whole note

soixante-quatrième note, triple-croche

soixante-quatrième note, triple-croche

Ex: The rapid passage featured a cascade of sixty-fourth notes, requiring precise and nimble fingerwork. 
hundred twenty-eighth note

a musical notation representing a very short duration of time, typically used in fast-paced music

cent-vingt-huitième note, note cent-vingt-huitième

cent-vingt-huitième note, note cent-vingt-huitième

two hundred fifty-sixth note

a musical notation representing an extremely short duration of time, typically used in very fast-paced music

deux cent cinquante-sixième note, note deux cent cinquante-sixième

deux cent cinquante-sixième note, note deux cent cinquante-sixième

beam
beam
[nom]

a horizontal line used in musical notation to connect two or more adjacent notes of the same value, indicating that they should be played as a single, continuous sound

barre, ligature

barre, ligature

Ex: The eighth notes were joined by a single beam. 
dotted note

a musical note with a dot placed to the right of it, which increases its duration by half, indicating that it should be held longer than a regular note of the same value

note pointée, note avec point

note pointée, note avec point

ghost note

a percussive note played with reduced or muted volume, often used in drumming and rhythm guitar to add subtle accents or create a syncopated feel

note fantôme, note muette

note fantôme, note muette

breath mark

a musical notation symbol indicating where a performer should take a breath while playing or singing

signe de respiration, marque de souffle

signe de respiration, marque de souffle

caesura
caesura
[nom]

a musical notation symbol indicating a pause or break in the music, often used for dramatic or expressive effect

césure, pause

césure, pause

double flat

a musical symbol that indicates the lowering of a note by two half steps or two semitones, equivalent to the same note as a natural but two half steps lower

double bémol, bémol double

double bémol, bémol double

common time

a musical meter with a 4/4 time signature, indicating four beats per measure

mesure à quatre temps, temps commun

mesure à quatre temps, temps commun

Ex: The conductor signaled for the orchestra to start playing in common time, setting a steady rhythm of four beats per measure. 
alla breve

a musical notation indicating that the music should be played with a double beat, where the half note receives one beat

alla breve, mesure à deux temps

alla breve, mesure à deux temps

tie
tie
[nom]

a curved line written over a pair of notes of the same pitch indicating that they should be played as one note

liaison

liaison

slur
slur
[nom]

(music) a curved line indicating smooth, connected play between notes

liaison, ligne de legato

liaison, ligne de legato

Ex: The pianist used a slur to connect the notes of the legato passage, creating a seamless and flowing melody. 
quarter tone

a musical interval that is half the size of a semitone

quart de ton, micro-intervalle

quart de ton, micro-intervalle

Ex: The composer incorporated quarter tones into the melody, creating a unique and exotic sound. 
time signature

a sign written at the beginning of a musical composition in the form of a fraction showing the number of beats in each bar

mesure, indication de la mesure

mesure, indication de la mesure

accidental

a symbol placed before a note to indicate that it should be played higher or lower than it is written in the key signature

altération, signe d'altération

altération, signe d'altération

Ex: The sharp accidental raised the pitch of the note by a half step. 
accent
accent
[nom]

a musical symbol that tells performers how to emphasize or articulate a note or group of notes to add expression and dynamic contrast

accent, signe d'accentuation

accent, signe d'accentuation

marcato
marcato
[nom]

a musical term indicating that a note or passage should be played with a marked emphasis or accent

marcato, note accentuée

marcato, note accentuée

tenuto
tenuto
[nom]

a musical term indicating that a note should be held for its full duration, typically marked by a horizontal line or dash above or below the note

tenuto, note tenue

tenuto, note tenue

accent
accent
[nom]

a musical mark that indicates a note should be played with extra emphasis or strength

accent, signe d'accentuation

accent, signe d'accentuation

glissando

a musical technique that involves sliding one or more fingers or the entire hand across the keys of a piano or the strings of a stringed instrument to produce a continuous, sliding sound

glissando, coulé

glissando, coulé

arpeggio

a musical technique where the notes of a chord are played individually in a sequence rather than simultaneously

arpège

arpège

Ex: In the classical guitar piece, the musician showcased his skill with a beautiful arpeggio, highlighting the individual notes of the chord. 
trill
trill
[nom]

a rapid alternation between two adjacent notes, usually a semitone or a whole tone apart

trille, vibrato

trille, vibrato

Ex: The flutist executed a flawless trill, adding ornamentation to the musical passage. 
grace note

a musical ornament that is played quickly before the main note and is not essential to the harmony or melody of a piece of music

note d'agrément, appoggiature

note d'agrément, appoggiature

key signature

the set of marks at the beginning of a printed piece of music, indicating the key in which the piece is played

armature, armure

armature, armure

rest
rest
[nom]

a period of silence or the sign that indicates a silence between musical notes

repos, silence

repos, silence

mordent
mordent
[nom]

a musical ornament indicating a rapid alternation between a note and the note above or below it

mordant, pincé

mordant, pincé

repeat sign

a notation symbol consisting of two vertical lines with dots or arrows, indicating that a section of music should be repeated from the beginning or a designated point

signe de répétition, symbole de reprise

signe de répétition, symbole de reprise

tuplet
tuplet
[nom]

a notation that indicates a grouping of a specific number of notes or beats within a time value, allowing for irregular rhythms or subdivisions

tuplet, groupe irrégulier

tuplet, groupe irrégulier

note value

the relative duration or length of a musical note or rest

valeur de note, durée de note

valeur de note, durée de note

Ex: The composer carefully assigned a value to each note, dictating its duration and rhythmic significance in the composition. 
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