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Vocabulaire pour l'IELTS General (Score 6-7) - Société

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais liés à la société qui sont nécessaires pour l'examen IELTS General Training.

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Vocabulary for General Training IELTS (6-7)
segregation

a social system or practice that keeps minority groups separate from the majority, often through separate facilities or services

ségrégation

ségrégation

Ex: Laws enforcing segregation affected public transportation. 

Les lois imposant la ségrégation affectaient les transports publics.

discrimination

the unfair treatment of a person or group based on characteristics such as race, sex, age, or religion

discrimination

discrimination

Ex: Federal law prohibits certain forms of employment discrimination. 
prejudice

an unfair and unreasonable opinion or attitude formed without sufficient knowledge or consideration

préjugé

préjugé

Ex: Emma realized that her opinion had been shaped by prejudice rather than experience. 
bias
bias
[nom]

an unfair preference or tendency that influences judgment

parti pris, penchant pour, attirance pour

parti pris, penchant pour, attirance pour

Ex: Emma accused the newspaper of showing political bias. 
inequality

an unfair difference in status, opportunities, resources, or treatment between people or groups

inégalité

inégalité

Ex: Maria researches gender inequality in the workplace. 
revolution

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

révolution

révolution

Ex: The country experienced a revolution that changed the course of its history forever. 
mobility

the ability to move or be moved freely and easily from one place, position, job, or social situation to another

mobilité

mobilité

Ex: The lightweight wheelchair gives Emma greater mobility around the house. 
solidarity

the support given by the members of a group to each other because of sharing the same opinions, feelings, goals, etc.

solidarité

solidarité

Ex: The community showed solidarity with the victims of the natural disaster by organizing relief efforts. 

La communauté a montré solidarité avec les victimes de la catastrophe naturelle en organisant des efforts de secours.

welfare
welfare
[nom]

a financial aid provided by the government for people who are sick, unemployed, etc.

allocations

allocations

Ex: She relied on welfare assistance while she was looking for a new job. 
ethos
ethos
[nom]

the fundamental values and beliefs that influence and guide the behavior and attitudes of a person, group, or organization

l'éthos, les valeurs fondamentales

l'éthos, les valeurs fondamentales

Ex: His leadership reflects the ethos of honesty and dedication. 

Son leadership reflète l'éthos d'honnêteté et de dévouement.

ethnicity

the state of belonging to a certain ethnic group

origine ethnique, appartenance ethnique

origine ethnique, appartenance ethnique

Ex: She takes pride in her ethnicity and loves sharing her cultural traditions. 

Elle est fière de son ethnicité et adore partager ses traditions culturelles.

demographic

the statistical characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, and ethnicity

segment démographique

segment démographique

Ex: Researchers are studying the spending habits of this particular demographic. 

Les chercheurs étudient les habitudes de dépenses de cette démographie particulière.

elite
elite
[nom]

a small group considered the most powerful, successful, skilled, or privileged within a society or organization

élite

élite

Ex: Only a small economic elite could afford homes in the district. 
proletariat

the class of people who do physical labor as a job, especially in factories or industries

prolétariat

prolétariat

Ex: Throughout history, the struggles of the proletariat have often led to social and political movements for greater equality. 

À travers l'histoire, les luttes du prolétariat ont souvent conduit à des mouvements sociaux et politiques pour une plus grande égalité.

bourgeoisie

the society's middle class

bourgeoisie

bourgeoisie

Ex: Marx's critique of capitalism focused on the bourgeoisie and their relationship with the proletariat. 

La critique du capitalisme par Marx était centrée sur la bourgeoisie et sa relation avec le prolétariat.

conformity

the act of adhering to established norms, protocols, and standardized behaviors within a social system or institution

conformité

conformité

Ex: His conformity to office procedures made him a reliable employee. 

Sa conformité aux procédures de bureau a fait de lui un employé fiable.

aristocracy

people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles

aristocratie

aristocratie

Ex: Throughout history, the aristocracy has held significant political power. 

Aristocratie a détenu un pouvoir politique significatif tout au long de l'histoire.

active citizen

an individual who actively participates in and contributes to the civic and social affairs of their community or nation

citoyen actif, citoyen engagé

citoyen actif, citoyen engagé

marginalization

the social process by which an individual or group is pushed to the edges of society, limiting their access to resources and influence

marginalisation, exclusion sociale

marginalisation, exclusion sociale

Ex: The program aims to reduce the marginalization of minority groups. 

Le programme vise à réduire la marginalisation des groupes minoritaires.

Generation X

the group of people born during the 1960s and 1970s

Génération X, La génération X

Génération X, La génération X

Ex: Generation X experienced major social and economic changes. 

La génération X a connu des changements sociaux et économiques majeurs.

Generation Y

the group of people born in the 1980s and early 1990s

Génération Y, Millennials

Génération Y, Millennials

Ex: Generation Y entered the workforce during economic changes. 

La Génération Y est entrée sur le marché du travail pendant les changements économiques.

Generation Z

the group of people born in the late 1990s and early 2010s

Génération Z, Génération Z

Génération Z, Génération Z

Ex: Generation Z spends a lot of time online. 

Génération Z passe beaucoup de temps en ligne.

anthropologist

a scientist who studies human beings, especially their societies, cultures, languages, and physical development, both past and present

anthropologue, ethnologue

anthropologue, ethnologue

Ex: As an anthropologist, she specialized in ancient burial rituals. 

En tant qu'anthropologue, elle s'est spécialisée dans les rituels funéraires anciens.

belonging

the feeling of being happy or comfortable in a specific situation or group

appartenance, sentiment d'appartenance

appartenance, sentiment d'appartenance

Ex: The school's inclusive atmosphere fostered a strong sense of belonging among its diverse student body. 

L'atmosphère inclusive de l'école a favorisé un fort sentiment d'appartenance parmi son corps étudiant diversifié.

middle class

the social class between the upper and lower classes that includes professional and business people

classe moyenne

classe moyenne

Ex: Middle-class workers often have stable jobs and education. 

Les travailleurs de la classe moyenne ont souvent des emplois stables et une éducation.

lower class

the social class consisting of people with the lowest position in society and the least money

classe populaire, classes populaires

classe populaire, classes populaires

Ex: The government introduced programs to help the lower class. 

Le gouvernement a introduit des programmes pour aider la classe inférieure.

upper class

a social group made up of people who hold the highest social position and are usually quite wealthy

haute société

haute société

Ex: Members of the upper class attended exclusive schools. 

Les membres de la classe supérieure fréquentaient des écoles exclusives.

working class

the social and economic class consisting mainly of people who earn wages, especially through manual, industrial, or service work

classe ouvrière

classe ouvrière

Ex: Many members of the working class struggled with rising housing costs. 
protest
protest
[nom]

an organized public demonstration expressing strong disapproval of an official policy or action

protestation

protestation

Ex: The protest aimed to draw attention to environmental issues. 
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