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Vocabulary for IELTS General Training (Band 6-7) - Society

Here, you will learn some English words related to Society that are necessary for the General Training IELTS exam.

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Vocabulary for General Training IELTS (6-7)
segregation

a social system or practice that keeps minority groups separate from the majority, often through separate facilities or services

Ex: Segregation in schools was common in the southern United States. 
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discrimination

the unfair treatment of a person or group based on characteristics such as race, sex, age, or religion

Ex: The company was accused of discrimination against older workers. 
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prejudice
prejudice
[noun]

an unfair and unreasonable opinion or attitude formed without sufficient knowledge or consideration

Ex: The campaign aims to reduce prejudice against people with disabilities. 
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bias
bias
[noun]

an unfair preference or tendency that influences judgment

Ex: The researchers tried to eliminate bias from the selection process. 
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inequality

an unfair difference in status, opportunities, resources, or treatment between people or groups

Ex: The report highlights growing inequality between wealthy and low-income families. 
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revolution

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

Ex: The revolution led to the overthrow of the monarchy and the establishment of a republic. 
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mobility
mobility
[noun]

the ability to move or be moved freely and easily from one place, position, job, or social situation to another

Ex: Regular exercise helped Robert improve his mobility after the injury. 
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solidarity

the support given by the members of a group to each other because of sharing the same opinions, feelings, goals, etc.

Ex: The workers stood together in solidarity to demand fair wages and better working conditions. 
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welfare
welfare
[noun]

a financial aid provided by the government for people who are sick, unemployed, etc.

Ex: The government increased welfare benefits to support families during the economic downturn. 
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ethos
ethos
[noun]

the fundamental values and beliefs that influence and guide the behavior and attitudes of a person, group, or organization

Ex: The company’s ethos emphasizes innovation and sustainability. 
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ethnicity
ethnicity
[noun]

the state of belonging to a certain ethnic group

Ex: The census form asked respondents to indicate their ethnicity. 
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demographic

the statistical characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, and ethnicity

Ex: The new marketing strategy aims to target a younger demographic. 
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elite
elite
[noun]

a small group considered the most powerful, successful, skilled, or privileged within a society or organization

Ex: The country's political elite gathered for the annual conference. 
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proletariat

the class of people who do physical labor as a job, especially in factories or industries

Ex: According to Marxist theory, the proletariat represents the working class who do not own the means of production. 
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bourgeoisie

the society's middle class

Ex: The bourgeoisie in the 19th century played a significant role in shaping economic and social structures. 
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conformity

the act of adhering to established norms, protocols, and standardized behaviors within a social system or institution

Ex: The company values conformity to its strict dress code. 
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aristocracy

people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles

Ex: The event was attended by members of the aristocracy in elegant attire. 
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active citizen

an individual who actively participates in and contributes to the civic and social affairs of their community or nation

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marginalization

the social process by which an individual or group is pushed to the edges of society, limiting their access to resources and influence

Ex: Economic policies led to the marginalization of rural communities. 
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Generation X

the group of people born during the 1960s and 1970s

Ex: Many members of Generation X grew up before the internet. 
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Generation Y

the group of people born in the 1980s and early 1990s

Ex: Many in Generation Y use digital technology daily. 
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Generation Z

the group of people born in the late 1990s and early 2010s

Ex: Many in Generation Z use smartphones from a young age. 
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anthropologist

a scientist who studies human beings, especially their societies, cultures, languages, and physical development, both past and present

Ex: The anthropologist spent years living among the tribe to understand their customs. 
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belonging
belonging
[noun]

the feeling of being happy or comfortable in a specific situation or group

Ex: Finding a sense of belonging in a new city can take time, but joining local clubs and groups helps build connections. 
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middle class

the social class between the upper and lower classes that includes professional and business people

Ex: Many middle-class families own their homes. 
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lower class

the social class consisting of people with the lowest position in society and the least money

Ex: Many families in the lower class face financial difficulties. 
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upper class

a social group made up of people who hold the highest social position and are usually quite wealthy

Ex: The upper class often owns large estates and businesses. 
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working class

the social and economic class consisting mainly of people who earn wages, especially through manual, industrial, or service work

Ex: The working class was hit especially hard by the factory closures. 
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protest
protest
[noun]

an organized public demonstration expressing strong disapproval of an official policy or action

Ex: Thousands of people gathered for a protest against the new government policy. 
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