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IELTS Generalの語彙 (スコア6-7) - Society

ここでは、ジェネラルトレーニングIELTS試験に必要な社会に関連するいくつかの英単語を学びます。

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Vocabulary for General Training IELTS (6-7)
segregation
[名詞]

the policy of separating a group of people from the rest based on racial, sexual, or religious grounds and discriminating against them

隔離

隔離

Ex: The festival showcases music, food, and art from various ethnicities around the world.このフェスティバルは、世界中のさまざまな民族の音楽、食べ物、芸術を紹介しています。

the practice of treating a person or different categories of people less fairly than others

差別, 隔離

差別, 隔離

Ex: She spoke out against discrimination after witnessing unfair treatment of her colleagues .彼女は同僚への不当な扱いを目撃した後、**差別**に反対して声を上げた。
prejudice
[名詞]

an unreasonable opinion or judgment based on dislike felt for a person, group, etc., particularly because of their race, sex, etc.

偏見, 先入観

偏見, 先入観

Ex: The novel explores themes of prejudice and social inequality .その小説は**偏見**と社会的不平等のテーマを探求しています。
bias
[名詞]

a prejudice that prevents fair consideration of a situation

Ex: The judge recused himself from the case to avoid any perception of bias due to his personal connection with one of the parties involved .
inequality
[名詞]

a situation where there is a lack of fairness or equal treatment between individuals or groups

不平等

不平等

revolution
[名詞]

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

革命

革命

Ex: The revolution resulted in significant political and social reforms across the nation .
mobility
[名詞]

the ability to move easily or be freely moved from one place, job, etc. to another

移動性, 移動能力

移動性, 移動能力

Ex: The region 's economic growth is partially due to the mobility of its labor force .地域の経済成長は、その労働力の**移動性**に一部起因しています。
solidarity
[名詞]

the support given by the members of a group to each other because of sharing the same opinions, feelings, goals, etc.

連帯

連帯

Ex: The team members expressed solidarity with their captain , supporting her decision to retire .チームメンバーは、キャプテンの引退する決断を支持し、彼女との**連帯感**を表明しました。
welfare
[名詞]

a financial aid provided by the government for people who are sick, unemployed, etc.

福祉, 生活保護

福祉, 生活保護

Ex: He applied for welfare after his injury prevented him from working .彼は怪我で働けなくなった後、**福祉**を申請しました。
ethos
[名詞]

the fundamental values and beliefs that influence and guide the behavior and attitudes of a person, group, or organization

エトス, 基本価値

エトス, 基本価値

Ex: The artist ’s work embodies the ethos of cultural expression and freedom .そのアーティストの作品は、文化的表現と自由の**精神**を体現しています。
ethnicity
[名詞]

the state of belonging to a certain ethnic group

民族性

民族性

Ex: The festival showcases music , food , and art from various ethnicities around the world .このフェスティバルは、世界中のさまざまな**民族**の音楽、食べ物、アートを紹介しています。
demographic
[名詞]

the statistical characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, and ethnicity

人口統計学的, 人口統計学的特徴

人口統計学的, 人口統計学的特徴

Ex: Companies often tailor their products to appeal to a specific demographic.企業はしばしば、特定の**人口統計**にアピールするように製品を調整します。
elite
[名詞]

a small group of people in a society who enjoy a lot of advantages because of their economic, intellectual, etc. superiority

エリート

エリート

Ex: He aspired to join the intellectual elite of the academic world .彼は学術界の知的**エリート**に加わることを望んでいた。
proletariat
[名詞]

the class of people who do physical labor as a job, especially in factories or industries

プロレタリアート, 労働者階級

プロレタリアート, 労働者階級

Ex: As automation continues to advance , there are concerns about the impact on the livelihoods of the proletariat, as jobs become increasingly scarce .自動化が進むにつれて、仕事がますます不足する中で、**プロレタリアート**の生計への影響について懸念が高まっています。
bourgeoisie
[名詞]

the society's middle class

ブルジョアジー

ブルジョアジー

Ex: The revolutionaries aimed to overthrow the bourgeoisie and establish a more equitable society .革命家たちは**ブルジョアジー**を打倒し、より公平な社会を樹立することを目指した。
conformity
[名詞]

the act of adhering to established norms, protocols, and standardized behaviors within a social system or institution

適合, 規範への準拠

適合, 規範への準拠

Ex: The new regulation enforced conformity across all departments .新しい規制はすべての部門で**適合性**を強制しました。
aristocracy
[名詞]

people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles

貴族階級, 貴族

貴族階級, 貴族

Ex: The aristocracy opposed many social reforms that threatened their privileges .**貴族階級**は、彼らの特権を脅かす多くの社会改革に反対しました。

an individual who actively participates in and contributes to the civic and social affairs of their community or nation

積極的な市民, 参加型市民

積極的な市民, 参加型市民

treating certain people or groups as less important, often leaving them out or limiting their opportunities

周辺化, 社会的排除

周辺化, 社会的排除

Ex: Social movements and advocacy efforts play a crucial role in raising awareness about issues of marginalization and mobilizing support for change to create a more inclusive and equitable society .社会運動やアドボカシーの取り組みは、**周縁化**の問題についての認識を高め、より包括的で公平な社会を作るための変化への支持を動員する上で重要な役割を果たします。
generation x
[名詞]

a way of referring to the group of people who were born in the 1960s and 1970s

ジェネレーションX, X世代

ジェネレーションX, X世代

generation y
[名詞]

a way of referring to the group of people who were born in the 1980s and early 1990s

ジェネレーションY, ミレニアル世代

ジェネレーションY, ミレニアル世代

generation z
[名詞]

a way of referring to the group of people who were born in the 1980s and early 1990s

Z世代, デジタル世代

Z世代, デジタル世代

a scientist who studies human cultures and societies, both past and present

人類学者,  民族学者

人類学者, 民族学者

belonging
[名詞]

the feeling of being happy or comfortable in a specific situation or group

所属感, 帰属意識

所属感, 帰属意識

Ex: Volunteering at the animal shelter provided her with a sense of belonging and fulfillment as she connected with like-minded individuals.動物保護施設でのボランティア活動は、彼女に**所属感**と充実感を与え、同じ考えを持つ人々とつながることができました。
middle class
[名詞]

the social class between the upper and lower classes that includes professional and business people

中産階級, ブルジョアジー

中産階級, ブルジョアジー

lower class
[名詞]

the social class consisting of people with the lowest position in society and the least money

下層階級, 低い階級

下層階級, 低い階級

upper class
[名詞]

a social group made up of people who hold the highest social position and are usually quite wealthy

上流階級, 上流社会

上流階級, 上流社会

a social class that consists of people with low incomes who do manual or industrial work

労働者階級, プロレタリアート

労働者階級, プロレタリアート

protest
[名詞]

an organized public demonstration expressing strong disapproval of an official policy or action

抗議

抗議

Ex: The community held a peaceful protest to express their concerns about the development plans .コミュニティは開発計画に関する懸念を表明するために平和的な**抗議**を行いました。
IELTS Generalの語彙 (スコア6-7)
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