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Liste de Mots Niveau C2 - Psychologie

Ici, vous apprendrez tous les mots essentiels pour parler de psychologie, spécialement rassemblés pour les apprenants de niveau C2.

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CEFR C2 Vocabulary
catharsis

(psychology) the process of relieving a complex by bringing it to consciousness and directly addressing it

catharsis

catharsis

Ex: Writing in a journal can provide a sense of catharsis, allowing individuals to express and process their emotions. 
neurosis

a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed

névrose

névrose

Ex: Neurosis often manifests as chronic anxiety, obsessive behaviors, or phobias that interfere with daily functioning. 
dissociation

a psychological and neurological process involving a separation or disconnection of thoughts, memories, identity, or consciousness, often as a response to trauma or stress

dissociation, déconnexion

dissociation, déconnexion

Ex: Dissociation can lead to memory gaps or amnesia, where individuals may forget significant portions of their experiences. 
cognitive behavioral therapy

a psychotherapy that targets negative thoughts and behaviors to address mental health issues

thérapie cognitivo-comportementale, TCC

thérapie cognitivo-comportementale, TCC

Ex: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an evidence-based approach that helps individuals identify and change negative thought patterns and behaviors. 
psyche
psyche
[nom]

the immaterial or nonphysical aspect of a person

l'âme, l'esprit

l'âme, l'esprit

Ex: Many cultures believe the psyche survives after death. 
psychosis

a severe mental condition in which the patient loses contact with external reality

psychosis

psychosis

Ex: Psychosis is a mental health condition characterized by a loss of contact with reality, often manifesting as hallucinations or delusions. 
body dysmorphic disorder

a psychological disorder that causes a person to spend a lot of time thinking obsessively about the imaginary imperfections in their appearance

dysmorphophobie, trouble dysmorphique corporel

dysmorphophobie, trouble dysmorphique corporel

Ex: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a mental health condition where individuals obsess over perceived flaws in their appearance, which are often unnoticeable to others. 
obsessive-compulsive disorder

a disorder causing a person to have recurring unwanted thoughts or to do something such as cleaning or checking on something over and over

TOC

TOC

Ex: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by persistent, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions) performed to alleviate anxiety. 
post-traumatic stress disorder

a disorder that is formed in a person who has experienced a very shocking or frightening event, causing them to have nightmares or flashbacks from the event

ESPT

ESPT

Ex: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that can develop after an individual experiences or witnesses a traumatic event, such as combat, a natural disaster, or a serious accident. 
borderline personality disorder

a mental illness that causes a person to act impulsively, to experience severe shifts in mood, and to be unable to form interpersonal relationships

personnalité limite

personnalité limite

Ex: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a mental health condition characterized by intense and unstable relationships, emotions, and self-image. 
dissociative identity disorder

a psychological condition in which there are more than one personality in a person, each personality has different memories and patterns of behavior

trouble dissociatif de l'identité

trouble dissociatif de l'identité

Ex: Dissociative identity disorder (DID), formerly known as multiple personality disorder, is a mental health condition characterized by the presence of two or more distinct personality states or identities within a single individual. 
coping mechanism

a strategy or behavior used to manage or counteract challenging emotions, thoughts, or situations

mécanisme d'adaptation, stratégie de coping

mécanisme d'adaptation, stratégie de coping

Ex: Exercise can serve as a coping mechanism for managing stress, anxiety, and depression by releasing endorphins and promoting a sense of well-being. 
defense mechanism

an unconscious mental strategy individuals use to cope with anxiety, discomfort, or threatening emotions

mécanisme de défense, mécanisme de protection

mécanisme de défense, mécanisme de protection

Ex: Denial, a defense mechanism, involves refusing to accept or acknowledge the reality of a situation. 
abreaction

the release of repressed emotions or traumatic memories through therapeutic means, often resulting in catharsis and emotional relief

abréaction, libération émotionnelle

abréaction, libération émotionnelle

Ex: Abreaction can occur during therapy sessions. 
bipolar disorder

a chronic mental health condition marked by episodes of mania and depression

trouble bipolaire, trouble affectif bipolaire

trouble bipolaire, trouble affectif bipolaire

Ex: Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition characterized by extreme mood swings that include periods of mania (elevated mood) and depression (low mood). 
hypochondria

a mental condition in which a person is constantly anxious and worried about their health

hypocondrie

hypocondrie

Ex: Hypochondria, also known as illness anxiety disorder, is a mental health condition characterized by excessive worry and fear about having a serious medical illness, despite no or minimal evidence of actual illness. 
kleptomania

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with stealing things without any financial motive

kleptomanie, cleptomanie

kleptomanie, cleptomanie

Ex: Kleptomania is a mental health disorder characterized by a recurrent urge to steal items that are not needed for personal use or monetary gain. 
latent content

the underlying, symbolic meanings embedded within dreams as interpreted through psychoanalytic theory, contrasted with the manifest content

contenu latent, sens latent

contenu latent, sens latent

Ex: The therapist helped uncover the latent content of her recurring dreams. 
masochism

the tendency to derive sexual pleasure from experiencing physical or emotional pain or humiliation

masochisme, le masochisme

masochisme, le masochisme

Ex: Masochism involves finding pleasure in experiencing pain. 
narcissism

a psychological trait or personality disorder where someone is excessively self-centered and believes they are superior to others

narcissisme, égocentrisme

narcissisme, égocentrisme

Ex: Narcissism is a personality trait characterized by an exaggerated sense of self-importance and a constant need for admiration from others. 
Oedipus complex

a child's unconscious desire for the opposite-sex parent and rivalry with the same-sex parent

complexe d'Œdipe, complexe œdipien

complexe d'Œdipe, complexe œdipien

Ex: The Oedipus complex describes a boy's feelings for his mother. 
psychosomatic disorder

a psychological condition characterized by physical symptoms that derive from mental or emotional causes, often without any medical explanation

troubles psychosomatiques

troubles psychosomatiques

Ex: A psychosomatic disorder is a condition in which physical symptoms are caused or aggravated by psychological factors, such as stress, anxiety, or emotional distress. 
rationalization

(psychiatry) the process by which individuals justify or explain their behaviors, often unconsciously, in a way that aligns with their self-image or societal norms

rationalisation

rationalisation

Ex: Rationalization helps people feel better about their decisions. 
Freudian slip

an error that reveals the speaker's actual thoughts or feelings

lapsus freudien, acte manqué

lapsus freudien, acte manqué

Ex: During his speech, the politician made a Freudian slip, mistakenly referring to his opponent as "my esteemed friend" instead of "my esteemed opponent." 
condensation

(psychoanalysis) the process by which disparate elements of the unconscious mind are combined into a single symbol or image, often observed in dreams or during free association in therapy

condensation, la condensation

condensation, la condensation

Ex: Condensation simplifies intricate psychological processes into understandable forms. 
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