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Lista Słówek Poziomu C2 - Psychology

Tutaj nauczysz się wszystkich niezbędnych słów w rozmowie o psychologii, zebranych specjalnie dla uczniów na poziomie C2.

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CEFR C2 Vocabulary
catharsis
[Rzeczownik]

(psychology) the process of relieving a complex by bringing it to consciousness and directly addressing it

katarzis, oczyszczenie emocjonalne

katarzis, oczyszczenie emocjonalne

Ex: Participating in a support group can catharsis, as sharing personal stories with others who understand can be incredibly healing .
neurosis
[Rzeczownik]

a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed

nerwica, neuroza

nerwica, neuroza

Ex: Symptoms neurosis can include persistent feelings of sadness , irritability , and fear , often without a clear or rational cause .
dissociation
[Rzeczownik]

a psychological and neurological process involving a separation or disconnection of thoughts, memories, identity, or consciousness, often as a response to trauma or stress

dysocjacja, dezorganizacja

dysocjacja, dezorganizacja

Ex: Dissociation is a complex phenomenon that involves alterations in consciousness , perception , and self-awareness .

a psychotherapy that targets negative thoughts and behaviors to address mental health issues

terapia poznawczo-behawioralna, psychoterapia poznawczo-behawioralna

terapia poznawczo-behawioralna, psychoterapia poznawczo-behawioralna

Ex: Cognitive behavioral therapy can be conducted in individual or group settings , and often includes homework assignments to practice new skills outside of sessions .
psyche
[Rzeczownik]

the entirety of the human mind, including conscious and unconscious elements, thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

psychika, dusza

psychika, dusza

Ex: Therapists work with individuals to explore and navigate the depths of psyche during counseling sessions .
psychosis
[Rzeczownik]

a severe mental condition in which the patient loses contact with external reality

psychotyczność, psychоза

psychotyczność, psychоза

Ex: Psychosis can be a symptom of various mental health disorders , including schizophrenia , bipolar disorder , and severe depression .

a psychological disorder that causes a person to spend a lot of time thinking obsessively about the imaginary imperfections in their appearance

zaburzenie dysmorficzne ciała, dysmorfofobia

zaburzenie dysmorficzne ciała, dysmorfofobia

Ex: Early diagnosis and treatment body dysmorphic disorder are essential to prevent the condition from severely impacting an individual 's quality of life and mental health .

a disorder causing a person to have recurring unwanted thoughts or to do something such as cleaning or checking on something over and over

zaburzenie obsesyjno-kompulsywne, nerwica natręctw

zaburzenie obsesyjno-kompulsywne, nerwica natręctw

Ex: Medications such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ( SSRIs ) can help manage symptoms obsessive-compulsive disorder by altering brain chemistry to reduce obsessive thoughts and compulsions .

a disorder that is formed in a person who has experienced a very shocking or frightening event, causing them to have nightmares or flashbacks from the event

zespół stresu pourazowego, zaburzenie stresowe związane z traumą

zespół stresu pourazowego, zaburzenie stresowe związane z traumą

Ex: Early intervention and support are crucial for individuals post-traumatic stress disorder, as timely treatment can significantly improve outcomes and quality of life .

a mental illness that causes a person to act impulsively, to experience severe shifts in mood, and to be unable to form interpersonal relationships

zaburzenie osobowości typu borderline, borderline personality disorder (BPD)

zaburzenie osobowości typu borderline, borderline personality disorder (BPD)

Ex: With appropriate therapy and support , individuals borderline personality disorder can learn to manage their symptoms and improve their overall quality of life .

a psychological condition in which there are more than one personality in a person, each personality has different memories and patterns of behavior

dysocjacyjne zaburzenie tożsamości, zaburzenie tożsamości dysocjacyjnej

dysocjacyjne zaburzenie tożsamości, zaburzenie tożsamości dysocjacyjnej

Ex: dissociative identity disorder can be challenging , as individuals may struggle to maintain a cohesive sense of identity and may experience difficulties in relationships and daily functioning .
coping mechanism
[Rzeczownik]

a strategy or behavior used to manage or counteract challenging emotions, thoughts, or situations

mechanizm radzenia sobie, strategia radzenia sobie

mechanizm radzenia sobie, strategia radzenia sobie

Ex: Avoidance can sometimes be a maladaptive coping mechanism, as individuals may use substances or distractions to temporarily escape from their problems rather than addressing them directly.
defense mechanism
[Rzeczownik]

an unconscious mental strategy individuals use to cope with anxiety, discomfort, or threatening emotions

mechanizm obronny, mechanizm obronny (psychologiczny)

mechanizm obronny, mechanizm obronny (psychologiczny)

Ex: Humor can serve as defense mechanism, allowing individuals to find amusement in challenging situations to alleviate tension and anxiety .
abreaction
[Rzeczownik]

the release of repressed emotions or traumatic memories through therapeutic means, often resulting in catharsis and emotional relief

abreacja, odreagowanie

abreacja, odreagowanie

Ex: Abreaction helps individuals heal from past traumas .
bipolar disorder
[Rzeczownik]

a chronic mental health condition marked by episodes of mania and depression

choroba afektywna dwubiegunowa, zaburzenie afektywne dwubiegunowe

choroba afektywna dwubiegunowa, zaburzenie afektywne dwubiegunowe

Ex: Support from friends , family , and mental health professionals is essential for individuals bipolar disorder to effectively manage their condition and improve their quality of life .
hypochondria
[Rzeczownik]

a mental condition in which a person is constantly anxious and worried about their health

hipochondria, hipochondria

hipochondria, hipochondria

Ex: Support from mental health professionals , as well as education about the nature hypochondria and its treatment options , can help individuals with this condition manage their symptoms and improve their quality of life .
kleptomania
[Rzeczownik]

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with stealing things without any financial motive

kleptomania, kradzieżoholizm

kleptomania, kradzieżoholizm

Ex: Support from mental health professionals and support groups can be valuable for individuals kleptomania in learning coping strategies and preventing relapse into stealing behaviors .
latent content
[Rzeczownik]

the underlying, symbolic meanings embedded within dreams as interpreted through psychoanalytic theory, contrasted with the manifest content

treść utajona, ukryta treść

treść utajona, ukryta treść

Ex: Identifying latent content of dreams can be challenging but rewarding .
masochism
[Rzeczownik]

the tendency to derive sexual pleasure from experiencing physical or emotional pain or humiliation

masochizm, masochistyczny stosunek

masochizm, masochistyczny stosunek

Ex: Masochism can be harmful if not addressed in therapy .
narcissism
[Rzeczownik]

a psychological trait or personality disorder where someone is excessively self-centered and believes they are superior to others

narcystyczność, narcystyczne zaburzenie osobowości

narcystyczność, narcystyczne zaburzenie osobowości

Ex: Despite his outward confidence , narcissism masked deep-seated insecurities and fear of rejection .
Oedipus complex
[Rzeczownik]

a child's unconscious desire for the opposite-sex parent and rivalry with the same-sex parent

kompleks Edypa, kompleks Oedipusa

kompleks Edypa, kompleks Oedipusa

Ex: Many psychologists still debate the significance of Oedipus complex.

a psychological condition characterized by physical symptoms that derive from mental or emotional causes, often without any medical explanation

zaburzenie psychosomatyczne, choroba psychosomatyczna

zaburzenie psychosomatyczne, choroba psychosomatyczna

Ex: Understanding the connection between psychological factors and physical symptoms is crucial for effectively psychosomatic disorders and improving overall well-being .
rationalization
[Rzeczownik]

(psychiatry) the process by which individuals justify or explain their behaviors, often unconsciously, in a way that aligns with their self-image or societal norms

racjonalizacja, uzasadnienie

racjonalizacja, uzasadnienie

Ex: People sometimes rationalization to avoid responsibility .
condensation
[Rzeczownik]

(psychoanalysis) the process by which disparate elements of the unconscious mind are combined into a single symbol or image, often observed in dreams or during free association in therapy

kondensacja, kondensowanie

kondensacja, kondensowanie

Ex: Dreams often condensation, blending different elements into singular symbols .
Freudian slip
[Rzeczownik]

an error that reveals the speaker's actual thoughts or feelings

potknięcie freudowskie, lapsus freudowski

potknięcie freudowskie, lapsus freudowski

Ex: The professor, in a Freudian slip, unintentionally revealed his true opinion about the research project, saying, "It's an absolute waste of time and resources."
Lista Słówek Poziomu C2
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