C2 Level Wordlist - Psychology

Here you will learn all the essential words for talking about Psychology, collected specifically for level C2 learners.

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catharsis [noun]

(psychology) the process of relieving a complex by bringing it to consciousness and directly addressing it

Ex: After months of stress and anxiety , she found catharsis in painting , using art as an outlet for her feelings .

neurosis [noun]

a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed

Ex: Cognitive-behavioral therapy ( CBT ) is a common treatment for neurosis , helping individuals reframe negative thought patterns and reduce anxiety .

dissociation [noun]

a psychological and neurological process involving a separation or disconnection of thoughts, memories, identity, or consciousness, often as a response to trauma or stress

Ex: Dissociation is commonly associated with conditions like dissociative identity disorder , where distinct personality states emerge .

cognitive behavioral therapy [noun]

a psychotherapy that targets negative thoughts and behaviors to address mental health issues

Ex: Cognitive behavioral therapy is effective in treating a wide range of mental health conditions , including obsessive-compulsive disorder ( OCD ) and post-traumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ) .

psyche [noun]

the immaterial or nonphysical aspect of a person

Ex: The healer focused on restoring the patient 's psyche .

psychosis [noun]

a severe mental condition in which the patient loses contact with external reality

Ex: Treatment for psychosis typically involves a combination of antipsychotic medications and psychotherapy to help manage symptoms and improve functioning .

body dysmorphic disorder [noun]

a psychological disorder that causes a person to spend a lot of time thinking obsessively about the imaginary imperfections in their appearance

Ex: Cognitive behavioral therapy ( CBT ) is commonly used to treat body dysmorphic disorder , helping individuals challenge distorted beliefs about their looks and reduce compulsive behaviors .

obsessive-compulsive disorder [noun]

a disorder causing a person to have recurring unwanted thoughts or to do something such as cleaning or checking on something over and over

Ex: Cognitive-behavioral therapy ( CBT ) , particularly exposure and response prevention ( ERP ) , is an effective treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder , helping patients confront their fears and reduce compulsive behaviors .

post-traumatic stress disorder [noun]

a disorder that is formed in a person who has experienced a very shocking or frightening event, causing them to have nightmares or flashbacks from the event

Ex: Cognitive-behavioral therapy ( CBT ) and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing ( EMDR ) are effective treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder , helping individuals process and cope with their trauma .

borderline personality disorder [noun]

a mental illness that causes a person to act impulsively, to experience severe shifts in mood, and to be unable to form interpersonal relationships

Ex: Treatment for borderline personality disorder often involves a combination of psychotherapy , such as dialectical behavior therapy ( DBT ) , and medication to help manage symptoms .

dissociative identity disorder [noun]

a psychological condition in which there are more than one personality in a person, each personality has different memories and patterns of behavior

Ex: Trauma , particularly in childhood , is often associated with the development of dissociative identity disorder , as a coping mechanism to escape from overwhelming or traumatic experiences .

coping mechanism [noun]

a strategy or behavior used to manage or counteract challenging emotions, thoughts, or situations

Ex: Social support from friends , family , or support groups can be a valuable coping mechanism for dealing with challenging life events or emotional difficulties .

defense mechanism [noun]

an unconscious mental strategy individuals use to cope with anxiety, discomfort, or threatening emotions

Ex: Sublimation is a defense mechanism where individuals channel unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable activities .

abreaction [noun]

the release of repressed emotions or traumatic memories through therapeutic means, often resulting in catharsis and emotional relief

Ex: The goal of therapy was to facilitate abreaction .

bipolar disorder [noun]

a chronic mental health condition marked by episodes of mania and depression

Ex: Treatment for bipolar disorder typically involves a combination of medication , such as mood stabilizers and antidepressants , and psychotherapy to help manage symptoms and prevent relapse .

hypochondria [noun]

a mental condition in which a person is constantly anxious and worried about their health

Ex: Treatment for hypochondria typically involves cognitive-behavioral therapy ( CBT ) to help individuals challenge and change their distorted beliefs about health and illness .

kleptomania [noun]

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with stealing things without any financial motive

Ex: Treatment for kleptomania often involves psychotherapy , such as cognitive-behavioral therapy ( CBT ) , to help individuals understand and manage the underlying impulses and triggers for stealing .

latent content [noun]

the underlying, symbolic meanings embedded within dreams as interpreted through psychoanalytic theory, contrasted with the manifest content

Ex: The latent content of dreams often reveals hidden desires or fears .

masochism [noun]

the tendency to derive sexual pleasure from experiencing physical or emotional pain or humiliation

Ex: Masochism is often associated with low self-esteem and unresolved emotional issues .

narcissism [noun]

a psychological trait or personality disorder where someone is excessively self-centered and believes they are superior to others

Ex: She struggled to maintain relationships due to her extreme narcissism , as she often prioritized her own needs above those of others .

Oedipus complex [noun]

a child's unconscious desire for the opposite-sex parent and rivalry with the same-sex parent

Ex: The Oedipus complex can influence personality development .

psychosomatic disorder [noun]

a psychological condition characterized by physical symptoms that derive from mental or emotional causes, often without any medical explanation

Ex: Treatment for psychosomatic disorders often involves addressing underlying psychological stressors through therapy , relaxation techniques , and stress management strategies .

rationalization [noun]

(psychiatry) the process by which individuals justify or explain their behaviors, often unconsciously, in a way that aligns with their self-image or societal norms

Ex: Rationalization often distorts reality to fit personal beliefs .

Freudian slip [noun]

an error that reveals the speaker's actual thoughts or feelings

Ex:

condensation [noun]

(psychoanalysis) the process by which disparate elements of the unconscious mind are combined into a single symbol or image, often observed in dreams or during free association in therapy

Ex: Condensation offers a concise way to convey complex psychological concepts .

C2 Level Wordlist
Size and Magnitude	Weight and Stability	Quantity	Intensity
Pace	Shapes	Importance and Essentiality	Commonness and Uniqueness
Difficulty and Challenge	Price and Luxuriousness	Quality	Success and Wealth
Failure and Poverty	Body Shape	Age and Appearance	Comprehension and Intelligence
Personal Traits	Emotional States	Trigerring Emotions	Feelings
Relationship Dynamics and Connections	Social and Moral Behaviors	Tastes and Smells	Sounds
Textures	Thoughts and Decisions	Complaint and Criticism	Harmony and Discord
Communication and Discussion	Body Language and Emotional Actions	Order and Permission	Advice and Influence
Honor and Admiration	Request and Answer	Attempt and Prevention	Changing and Forming
Movements	Preparing Food	Food and Drinks	Natural Environment
Animals	Weather and Temperature	Disaster and Pollution	Work Environment
Occupations	Accommodation	Transportation	Tourism and Migration
Hobbies and Routines	Sports	Arts	Cinema and Theater
Literature	Music	Clothes and Fashion	Architecture
History	Culture and Custom	Society	Religion
Philosophy	Linguistics	Politics	Law
Crime	Punishment	War and Army	Government
Education	Media	Technology and Internet	Marketing and Advertisement
Shopping	Business and Management	Finance	Scientific Fields and Studies
Medicine	Health Condition	Recovery and Treatment	Human Body
Psychology	Biology	Chemistry	Physics
Astronomy	Mathematics	Geology	Engineering
Measurement