C2级单词表 - Psychology

在这里,您将学习所有关于心理学的基本词汇,这些词汇是专门为C2级别的学习者收集的。

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C2级单词表
catharsis [名词]
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宣泄

Ex: Watching a powerful drama or tragedy in a theater can lead to catharsis , as viewers experience a release of pent-up emotions through the characters ' experiences .

在剧院观看一部强有力的戏剧或悲剧可以导致宣泄,因为观众通过角色的经历体验到压抑情绪的释放。

neurosis [名词]
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神经症

Ex: People with neurosis may experience excessive worry and stress over minor issues , affecting their overall quality of life .

患有神经症的人可能会对小事过度担心和压力,影响他们的整体生活质量。

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解离

Ex: Derealization is a form of dissociation where the external world may appear unreal or unfamiliar .

现实感丧失是一种解离形式,外部世界可能显得不真实或陌生。

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认知行为疗法

Ex: Many people with anxiety and depression find significant relief through cognitive behavioral therapy , which teaches coping strategies and problem-solving skills .

许多患有焦虑和抑郁症的人通过认知行为疗法找到了显著的缓解,该疗法教授应对策略和解决问题的技能。

psyche [名词]
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the immaterial or nonphysical aspect of a person

Ex: Yoga aims to harmonize body , mind , and psyche .
psychosis [名词]
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精神病

Ex: Individuals experiencing psychosis may hear voices or see things that are not present , making it difficult to distinguish between what is real and what is not .

经历精神病的人可能会听到声音或看到不存在的东西,这使得难以区分什么是真实的,什么不是。

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身体畸形恐惧症

Ex: People with body dysmorphic disorder may spend hours each day checking their appearance in mirrors , seeking reassurance , or trying to hide their perceived imperfections .

患有身体畸形恐惧症的人可能会每天花几个小时在镜子前检查自己的外表,寻求安慰或试图隐藏他们感知到的缺陷。

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强迫症

Ex: Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder may feel compelled to perform rituals , such as excessive hand-washing or checking locks , to prevent perceived harm .

患有强迫症的个体可能会感到被迫执行仪式,如过度洗手或检查锁,以防止感知到的伤害。

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创伤后应激障碍

Ex: Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder include flashbacks , nightmares , severe anxiety , and uncontrollable thoughts about the traumatic event .

创伤后应激障碍的症状包括闪回、噩梦、严重焦虑以及对创伤事件无法控制的想法。

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边缘型人格障碍

Ex: Individuals with borderline personality disorder may experience sudden mood swings , chronic feelings of emptiness , and a fear of abandonment .

患有边缘性人格障碍的个体可能会经历突然的情绪波动、长期的空虚感以及对被抛弃的恐惧。

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解离性身份识别障碍

Ex: Individuals with dissociative identity disorder may experience memory gaps , time loss , and a sense of being disconnected from their thoughts , feelings , and surroundings .

患有解离性身份障碍的个体可能会经历记忆空白、时间丢失以及感觉与自己的思想、情感和周围环境脱节。

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应对机制

Ex: Deep breathing exercises and mindfulness meditation are effective coping mechanisms for reducing feelings of anxiety and promoting relaxation .

深呼吸练习和正念冥想是减少焦虑感和促进放松的有效应对机制

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防御机制

Ex: Rationalization is a defense mechanism where individuals provide logical or reasonable explanations to justify their behavior .

合理化是一种防御机制,个人提供逻辑或合理的解释来为自己的行为辩护。

abreaction [名词]
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情绪宣泄

Ex: The therapist helped her process trauma through abreaction .

治疗师通过宣泄帮助她处理了创伤。

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双相情感障碍

Ex: Individuals with bipolar disorder may experience manic episodes marked by increased energy , racing thoughts , and impulsive behavior , followed by depressive episodes with feelings of sadness , hopelessness , and loss of interest in activities .

患有双相情感障碍的个体可能会经历以精力增加、思绪飞驰和冲动行为为标志的躁狂发作,随后是伴有悲伤、绝望和对活动失去兴趣的抑郁发作。

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疑病症

Ex: Individuals with hypochondria may constantly check their bodies for signs of illness , research medical conditions online , and seek reassurance from doctors , friends , or family members about their health .

患有疑病症的人可能会不断检查自己的身体是否有疾病迹象,在线研究医疗状况,并向医生、朋友或家人寻求关于他们健康的保证。

kleptomania [名词]
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偷窃癖

Ex: Individuals with kleptomania may experience a sense of tension or excitement before stealing and relief or gratification afterward , despite feelings of guilt or remorse .

患有偷窃狂的人可能会在偷窃前感到紧张或兴奋,之后感到轻松或满足,尽管有内疚或悔恨的感觉。

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潜在内容

Ex: Freud believed that dreams contain both manifest and latent content .

弗洛伊德认为,梦既包含显性内容,也包含隐性内容

masochism [名词]
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受虐狂

Ex:

受虐狂可以以各种形式表现出来,包括自残。

narcissism [名词]
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自恋

Ex: The narcissism of the protagonist was evident in his constant boasting and need for attention .

主人公的自恋在他不断的吹嘘和需要关注中显而易见。

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俄狄浦斯情结

Ex: Freud proposed the concept of the Oedipus complex .

弗洛伊德提出了俄狄浦斯情结的概念。

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心身疾病

Ex: Individuals with a psychosomatic disorder may experience symptoms such as headaches , stomach pain , or fatigue that have no apparent medical cause .

患有心身疾病的个体可能会出现头痛、胃痛或疲劳等症状,这些症状没有明显的医学原因。

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合理化

Ex: She used rationalization to justify her procrastination .

她利用合理化来为自己的拖延辩解。

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弗洛伊德式口误

Ex:

莎拉不小心用她前男友的名字称呼她的新男友,在弗洛伊德式失言中揭示了一种挥之不去的依恋。

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凝缩

Ex: In therapy , condensation simplifies complex emotions into single representations .

在治疗中,凝缩将复杂情绪简化为单一表现。