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C2级单词表 - Psychology

在这里,您将学习专门为 C2 级学习者收集的所有谈论心理学的基本词汇。

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CEFR C2 Vocabulary
catharsis
[名词]

(psychology) the process of relieving a complex by bringing it to consciousness and directly addressing it

宣泄, 净化

宣泄, 净化

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neurosis
[名词]

a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed

神经症, 神经性疾病

神经症, 神经性疾病

Ex: Symptoms neurosis can include persistent feelings of sadness , irritability , and fear , often without a clear or rational cause .
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dissociation
[名词]

a psychological and neurological process involving a separation or disconnection of thoughts, memories, identity, or consciousness, often as a response to trauma or stress

解离, 分裂

解离, 分裂

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a psychotherapy that targets negative thoughts and behaviors to address mental health issues

认知行为疗法, 认知行为治疗

认知行为疗法, 认知行为治疗

Ex: Cognitive behavioral therapy can be conducted in individual or group settings , and often includes homework assignments to practice new skills outside of sessions .
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psyche
[名词]

the entirety of the human mind, including conscious and unconscious elements, thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

心灵, 心理

心灵, 心理

Ex: Therapists work with individuals to explore and navigate the depths of psyche during counseling sessions .
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psychosis
[名词]

a severe mental condition in which the patient loses contact with external reality

精神病, 精神病态

精神病, 精神病态

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a psychological disorder that causes a person to spend a lot of time thinking obsessively about the imaginary imperfections in their appearance

身体畸形障碍, 体形障碍

身体畸形障碍, 体形障碍

Ex: Early diagnosis and treatment body dysmorphic disorder are essential to prevent the condition from severely impacting an individual 's quality of life and mental health .
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a disorder causing a person to have recurring unwanted thoughts or to do something such as cleaning or checking on something over and over

强迫症, 强迫性障碍

强迫症, 强迫性障碍

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a disorder that is formed in a person who has experienced a very shocking or frightening event, causing them to have nightmares or flashbacks from the event

创伤后应激障碍, 创伤后压力症

创伤后应激障碍, 创伤后压力症

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a mental illness that causes a person to act impulsively, to experience severe shifts in mood, and to be unable to form interpersonal relationships

边缘性人格障碍, 边缘型人格障碍

边缘性人格障碍, 边缘型人格障碍

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a psychological condition in which there are more than one personality in a person, each personality has different memories and patterns of behavior

解离性身份障碍, 多重人格障碍

解离性身份障碍, 多重人格障碍

Ex: dissociative identity disorder can be challenging , as individuals may struggle to maintain a cohesive sense of identity and may experience difficulties in relationships and daily functioning .
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a strategy or behavior used to manage or counteract challenging emotions, thoughts, or situations

应对机制, 应对手段

应对机制, 应对手段

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an unconscious mental strategy individuals use to cope with anxiety, discomfort, or threatening emotions

防御机制, 自我防卫机制

防御机制, 自我防卫机制

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abreaction
[名词]

the release of repressed emotions or traumatic memories through therapeutic means, often resulting in catharsis and emotional relief

情绪宣泄, 情感释放

情绪宣泄, 情感释放

Ex: Abreaction helps individuals heal from past traumas .
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a chronic mental health condition marked by episodes of mania and depression

双相障碍, 躁郁症

双相障碍, 躁郁症

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hypochondria
[名词]

a mental condition in which a person is constantly anxious and worried about their health

疑病症, 健康焦虑症

疑病症, 健康焦虑症

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kleptomania
[名词]

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with stealing things without any financial motive

窃盗癖, 盗窃狂

窃盗癖, 盗窃狂

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the underlying, symbolic meanings embedded within dreams as interpreted through psychoanalytic theory, contrasted with the manifest content

潜在内容, 隐含内容

潜在内容, 隐含内容

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masochism
[名词]

the tendency to derive sexual pleasure from experiencing physical or emotional pain or humiliation

自虐狂, 被虐狂

自虐狂, 被虐狂

Ex: Masochism can be harmful if not addressed in therapy .
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narcissism
[名词]

a psychological trait or personality disorder where someone is excessively self-centered and believes they are superior to others

自恋, 自恋症

自恋, 自恋症

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a child's unconscious desire for the opposite-sex parent and rivalry with the same-sex parent

俄狄浦斯情结, 恋母情结

俄狄浦斯情结, 恋母情结

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a psychological condition characterized by physical symptoms that derive from mental or emotional causes, often without any medical explanation

心理生理疾病, 心理性躯体症

心理生理疾病, 心理性躯体症

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(psychiatry) the process by which individuals justify or explain their behaviors, often unconsciously, in a way that aligns with their self-image or societal norms

合理化, 自我合理化

合理化, 自我合理化

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condensation
[名词]

(psychoanalysis) the process by which disparate elements of the unconscious mind are combined into a single symbol or image, often observed in dreams or during free association in therapy

凝缩, 凝结

凝缩, 凝结

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an error that reveals the speaker's actual thoughts or feelings

弗洛伊德式失言, 弗洛伊德失误

弗洛伊德式失言, 弗洛伊德失误

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