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Santé et Maladie - Noms Généraux Liés à la Santé et à La Maladie

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques noms généraux en anglais liés à la santé et à la maladie tels que "condition", "épidémie" et "porteur".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
illness
[nom]

the state of being physically or mentally sick

maladie

maladie

Ex: His sudden illness worried everyone in the office .Sa **maladie** soudaine a inquiété tout le monde au bureau.
disease
[nom]

an illness in a human, animal, or plant that affects health

maladie

maladie

Ex: The disease is spreading rapidly through the population .La **maladie** se propage rapidement à travers la population.

the state of being unwell

maladie

maladie

Ex: The village experienced a wave of sickness last month .Le village a connu une vague de **maladie** le mois dernier.

the act in which a disease-causing organism, such as a virus or parasite, causes a particular illness

infection

infection

Ex: Hospitals take strict precautions to prevent infections from spreading among patients and staff .Les hôpitaux prennent des précautions strictes pour empêcher les **infections** de se propager parmi les patients et le personnel.

a disease or a medical condition that prevents a part of the body or mind from functioning normally

troubles

troubles

a typically minor health issue or condition for which one seeks medical assistance

affection

affection

Ex: The most common complaint among the elderly population is arthritis-related pain .La **plainte** la plus courante parmi la population âgée est la douleur liée à l'arthrite.

a medical problem, such as a disorder, illness, etc.

maladie, problème

maladie, problème

Ex: Patients with the condition often report a variety of symptoms that can vary in severity .Les patients atteints de la **maladie** signalent souvent une variété de symptômes dont la gravité peut varier.

the rapid spread of an infectious disease within a specific population, community, or region, affecting a significant number of individuals at the same time

épidémie

épidémie

Ex: The epidemic put a strain on the healthcare system .L'**épidémie** a mis à rude épreuve le système de santé.

any disease or virus that can be easily passed from one person to another

contagion

contagion

Ex: Despite their efforts , the contagion spread rapidly , leading to a significant increase in hospital admissions .Malgré leurs efforts, la **contagion** s'est propagée rapidement, entraînant une augmentation significative des admissions à l'hôpital.

a state of pain or suffering due to a physical or mental condition

affliction

affliction

Ex: The affliction of migraines made it difficult for her to concentrate and disrupted her daily routine .**L'affliction** des migraines a rendu difficile pour elle de se concentrer et a perturbé sa routine quotidienne.
bug
[nom]

a fairly mild yet infectious illness that is caused by a virus or bacteria

microbes, saloperie

microbes, saloperie

burnout
[nom]

a state of emotional, mental, and physical exhaustion caused by stress, overwork, or a lack of balance between work and personal life

épuisement

épuisement

Ex: Taking regular breaks and practicing self-care activities are essential strategies for preventing burnout in high-stress environments .Prendre des pauses régulières et pratiquer des activités de soins personnels sont des stratégies essentielles pour prévenir l'**épuisement professionnel** dans les environnements très stressants.

a mild state of being unwell, often leading to a temporary inability to perform one's usual activities

indisposition, malaise

indisposition, malaise

Ex: The athlete decided to withdraw from the competition due to an unexpected indisposition affecting their performance .L'athlète a décidé de se retirer de la compétition en raison d'une **indisposition** inattendue affectant sa performance.

the state of being weak and unhealthy, especially due to old age or sickness

infirmité

infirmité

Ex: Age often brings with it various infirmities, making daily tasks more challenging .L'âge apporte souvent avec lui diverses **infirmités**, rendant les tâches quotidiennes plus difficiles.

a state of severe mental disorder affecting a person's ability to understand reality, think rationally, or behave in a socially acceptable manner

folie, aliénation mentale

folie, aliénation mentale

Ex: Legal standards often require a significant cognitive impairment for insanity.Les normes juridiques exigent souvent une déficience cognitive significative pour la **folie**.

a bodily system or organ's failure to function in an effective or typical manner

insuffisance, défaillance

insuffisance, défaillance

Ex: Intestinal insufficiency compromises nutrient absorption in the digestive system .L'**insuffisance** intestinale compromet l'absorption des nutriments dans le système digestif.
malaise
[nom]

a feeling of being physically ill and irritated without knowing the reason

malaise

malaise

Ex: After recovering from the flu , he experienced lingering malaise, making it difficult to return to his normal routine .Après s'être remis de la grippe, il a ressenti un **malaise** persistant, ce qui a rendu difficile son retour à sa routine normale.

conditions affecting how a person thinks, feels, behaves, or their mood, often needing medical or therapeutic help

maladie mentale

maladie mentale

Ex: Mental illness is not a personal failure but a health condition that deserves compassion .**La maladie mentale** n'est pas un échec personnel mais une condition de santé qui mérite de la compassion.

a disease that spreads across a large region or even across the world

pandémie

pandémie

Ex: Pandemics can spread illness globally due to increased international travel and trade networks.Les **pandémies** peuvent propager des maladies à l'échelle mondiale en raison de l'augmentation des voyages internationaux et des réseaux commerciaux.

a set of characteristics, behaviors, or qualities commonly observed in a specific situation or group of individuals

syndrome

syndrome

Ex: Individuals displaying the " me , me , me syndrome" often prioritize their own needs and desires above those of others , regardless of the impact on the collective well-being .Les individus affichant le **syndrome** « moi, moi, moi » donnent souvent la priorité à leurs propres besoins et désirs par rapport à ceux des autres, quel que soit l'impact sur le bien-être collectif.
lump
[nom]

a swollen area under the skin, usually caused by a sickness or injury

grosseur, protubérance, bosse, tumeur

grosseur, protubérance, bosse, tumeur

Ex: Depending on the cause , treatment for a lump may range from observation and monitoring to medical interventions such as antibiotics , surgery , or chemotherapy .Selon la cause, le traitement d'une **bosse** peut aller de l'observation et la surveillance à des interventions médicales telles que des antibiotiques, une chirurgie ou une chimiothérapie.
cough
[nom]

a condition or disease that makes one cough frequently

toux

toux

Ex: She developed a cough after being exposed to dust .Elle a développé une **toux** après avoir été exposée à la poussière.
trauma
[nom]

damage inflicted on the body as a result of an external force or event

traumatisme

traumatisme

Ex: Victims of domestic violence often suffer from both physical and emotional trauma.Les victimes de violence domestique souffrent souvent à la fois de **traumatismes** physiques et émotionnels.
injury
[nom]

any physical damage to a part of the body caused by an accident or attack

blessure

blessure

Ex: The soldier received an award for bravery after an injury in battle .Le soldat a reçu une récompense pour bravoure après une **blessure** au combat.

‌the state of being physically or mentally unable to do one's work or to manage one's affairs

incapacité

incapacité

bout
[nom]

a short period during which someone is suffering from an illness

accès, poussée,	quinte

accès, poussée, quinte

Ex: A sudden bout of vertigo caused her to feel dizzy and disoriented , prompting her to sit down and rest .Un **accès** soudain de vertige lui a fait ressentir des étourdissements et une désorientation, la poussant à s'asseoir et se reposer.
carrier
[nom]

a person or animal that carries a disease, without suffering from it themselves, and transmits to other people or animals

porteur

porteur

Ex: Genetic testing revealed that she was a carrier of a hereditary disease , which could potentially be passed on to her children .Les tests génétiques ont révélé qu'elle était **porteuse** d'une maladie héréditaire, qui pourrait potentiellement être transmise à ses enfants.

the outbreak of a contagious illness among the people of a particular region where the source of the infection is not easily traceable

propagation communautaire

propagation communautaire

Ex: Community spread of the disease indicates that the virus is widely circulating within the population , making containment more challenging .La **propagation communautaire** de la maladie indique que le virus circule largement au sein de la population, rendant le confinement plus difficile.

a harmful state in which the body has lost a lot of water

déshydratation

déshydratation

the act of aggravating a disease, pain, illness, etc.

exacerbation

exacerbation

malady
[nom]

any physical problem that might put one's health in danger

maladie

maladie

Ex: The medieval village was plagued by a malady that spread rapidly , causing widespread illness and death .Le village médiéval était ravagé par une **maladie** qui se propageait rapidement, provoquant une maladie généralisée et la mort.
nausea
[nom]

the feeling of discomfort in the stomach, often with the urge to vomit

nausée

nausée

Ex: Nausea is a common side effect of chemotherapy treatment .Les **nausées** sont un effet secondaire courant du traitement par chimiothérapie.
pain
[nom]

the unpleasant feeling caused by an illness or injury

douleur

douleur

Ex: The pain from his sunburn made it hard to sleep .La **douleur** causée par son coup de soleil rendait le sommeil difficile.
pallor
[nom]

the condition of having an unhealthy pale appearance as a result of illness, emotional distress, etc.

pâleur, teint blafard

pâleur, teint blafard

any organism that can cause diseases

agent pathogène

agent pathogène

Ex: The pathogen responsible for malaria is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito .L'**agent pathogène** responsable du paludisme est transmis à l'homme par la piqûre d'un moustique infecté.

the first person known to have a certain disease, often seen as the starting point of an outbreak

patient zéro

patient zéro

Ex: By identifying patient zero early , authorities can implement effective containment measures to control the spread of the disease .En identifiant **le patient zéro** tôt, les autorités peuvent mettre en œuvre des mesures de confinement efficaces pour contrôler la propagation de la maladie.
attack
[nom]

a sudden, severe, and often brief appearance of a health problem that is hard to control

crise, attaque

crise, attaque

Ex: The allergy attack caused his throat to swell , making it difficult for him to breathe .**L'attaque** d'allergie a provoqué un gonflement de sa gorge, ce qui a rendu sa respiration difficile.

a state of extreme thinness and weakness, often due to illness, starvation, etc.

émaciation

émaciation

Ex: The severity of his emaciation was a clear sign of the neglect and abuse he had suffered .La gravité de son **émaciation** était un signe clair de la négligence et des mauvais traitements qu'il avait subis.
agony
[nom]

severe physical or mental pain

torture

torture

Ex: Patients with severe burns often experience excruciating agony during treatment .Les patients atteints de brûlures graves éprouvent souvent une **agonie** atroce pendant le traitement.
coma
[nom]

a state of deep unconsciousness, typically of a long duration and caused by a serious injury or severe illness

coma

coma

Ex: The medical team worked hard to determine the cause of his coma.L'équipe médicale a travaillé dur pour déterminer la cause de son **coma**.

someone who spreads a contagious disease to a very large number of people

super-propagateur

super-propagateur

symptom
[nom]

a change in the normal condition of the body of a person, which is the sign of a disease

symptôme

symptôme

Ex: She visited the doctor because of severe headaches , a symptom she could n't ignore .Elle a rendu visite au médecin à cause de graves maux de tête, un **symptôme** qu'elle ne pouvait pas ignorer.

the state of not being awake or aware of one's surroundings

inconscience

inconscience

Ex: Unconsciousness can be a serious medical condition requiring immediate attention .**Inconscience** peut être une condition médicale grave nécessitant une attention immédiate.

a condition in which individuals do not receive enough nutrients and calories, leading to various health problems such as stunted growth

sous-alimentation, famine

sous-alimentation, famine

Ex: Chronic undernourishment results in fatigue , weakness , and impaired cognitive function .La **sous-alimentation** chronique entraîne de la fatigue, une faiblesse et une altération des fonctions cognitives.
upset
[nom]

a health problem that disrupts the normal functioning of the stomach

peine

peine

Ex: The upset was caused by eating too much rich food .Le **malaise** a été causé par une consommation excessive d'aliments riches.

an area with a high number of infected people where strict public health rules are applied to control the spread of infection

zone rouge

zone rouge

Ex: It 's essential to stay updated on the latest information regarding red zones and adhere to recommended safety measures to protect yourself and others during a pandemic .Il est essentiel de se tenir informé des dernières informations concernant les **zones rouges** et de respecter les mesures de sécurité recommandées pour se protéger et protéger les autres pendant une pandémie.
relapse
[nom]

‌the return of symptoms or a condition after a period of improvement or recovery

rechute

rechute

Ex: The athlete 's injury healed well initially , but unfortunately , there was a relapse, and they had to undergo further treatment .La blessure de l'athlète a bien guéri initialement, mais malheureusement, il y a eu une **rechute**, et ils ont dû subir un traitement supplémentaire.
seizure
[nom]

a sudden and unexpected start or return of a medical problem

crise

crise

Ex: The family was given instructions on how to handle a seizure episode at home .La famille a reçu des instructions sur la façon de gérer un épisode de **crise** à la maison.
shake
[nom]

involuntary, short movements in one or more parts of one's body in response to cold, fear, or excitement

frisson, tremblement

frisson, tremblement

sneeze
[nom]

the act of blowing air out of your nose and mouth in a forceful way

éternuement

éternuement

Ex: The sneeze interrupted her while she was talkingL'**éternuement** l'a interrompue alors qu'elle parlait.
cyst
[nom]

a growth with abnormal features that appears in the body and contains fluid

cyst

cyst

physical weakness that is caused by a disease or aging

faiblesse, asthénie, débilité

faiblesse, asthénie, débilité

Ex: The disease progressed , leading to increasing debility and a decline in overall physical functioning .La maladie a progressé, entraînant une **débilité** croissante et un déclin du fonctionnement physique global.

a doctor's report stating that the patient is in good physical or mental health

Ex: US President Joe Biden got clean bill of health on Friday after a detailed physical examination .
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