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Salud y Enfermedad - Sustantivos generales relacionados con la salud y la enfermedad

Aquí aprenderás algunos sustantivos generales en inglés relacionados con la salud y la enfermedad, como "condición", "epidemia" y "portador".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
illness
illness
[Sustantivo]

the state of being physically or mentally sick

enfermedad

enfermedad

Ex: His sudden illness worried everyone in the office .

Su enfermedad repentina preocupó a todos en la oficina.

disease
disease
[Sustantivo]

an illness in a human, animal, or plant that affects health

enfermedad

enfermedad

Ex: The disease is spreading rapidly through the population .

La enfermedad se está propagando rápidamente entre la población.

sickness
sickness
[Sustantivo]

the state of being unwell

enfermedad

enfermedad

Ex: The village experienced a wave of sickness last month .

El pueblo experimentó una ola de enfermedad el mes pasado.

infection
infection
[Sustantivo]

the act in which a disease-causing organism, such as a virus or parasite, causes a particular illness

infección

infección

Ex: Hospitals take strict precautions to prevent infections from spreading among patients and staff .

Los hospitales toman precauciones estrictas para evitar que las infecciones se propaguen entre pacientes y personal.

disorder
disorder
[Sustantivo]

a disease, illness, or medical condition that impairs normal physical or mental function

trastorno

trastorno

Ex: Diet and exercise can help prevent certain metabolic disorders.

La dieta y el ejercicio pueden ayudar a prevenir ciertos trastornos metabólicos.

complaint
complaint
[Sustantivo]

a typically minor health issue or condition for which one seeks medical assistance

dolencia, afección

dolencia, afección

Ex: The most common complaint among the elderly population is arthritis-related pain .

La queja más común entre la población anciana es el dolor relacionado con la artritis.

condition
condition
[Sustantivo]

a medical problem, such as a disorder, illness, etc.

afección, enfermedad

afección, enfermedad

Ex: Patients with the condition often report a variety of symptoms that can vary in severity .

Los pacientes con la afección a menudo informan una variedad de síntomas que pueden variar en severidad.

epidemic
epidemic
[Sustantivo]

the rapid spread of an infectious disease within a specific population, community, or region, affecting a significant number of individuals at the same time

epidemia

epidemia

Ex: The epidemic put a strain on the healthcare system .

La epidemia puso en tensión al sistema de salud.

contagion
contagion
[Sustantivo]

any disease or virus that can be easily passed from one person to another

enfermedad contagiosa

enfermedad contagiosa

Ex: Despite their efforts , the contagion spread rapidly , leading to a significant increase in hospital admissions .

A pesar de sus esfuerzos, la contagio se propagó rápidamente, lo que llevó a un aumento significativo en los ingresos hospitalarios.

affliction
affliction
[Sustantivo]

a state of pain or suffering due to a physical or mental condition

aflicción

aflicción

Ex: The affliction of migraines made it difficult for her to concentrate and disrupted her daily routine .

La aflicción de las migrañas le dificultó concentrarse y alteró su rutina diaria.

bug
bug
[Sustantivo]

a tiny living organism that can cause disease

virus, infección

virus, infección

Ex: A stomach bug kept him home from work .

Un microbio estomacal lo mantuvo en casa sin ir al trabajo.

burnout
burnout
[Sustantivo]

a state of emotional, mental, and physical exhaustion caused by stress, overwork, or a lack of balance between work and personal life

agotamiento

agotamiento

Ex: Taking regular breaks and practicing self-care activities are essential strategies for preventing burnout in high-stress environments .

Tomar descansos regulares y practicar actividades de autocuidado son estrategias esenciales para prevenir el agotamiento en entornos de alto estrés.

indisposition
indisposition
[Sustantivo]

a mild state of being unwell, often leading to a temporary inability to perform one's usual activities

indisposición, malestar

indisposición, malestar

Ex: The athlete decided to withdraw from the competition due to an unexpected indisposition affecting their performance .

El atleta decidió retirarse de la competencia debido a una indisposición inesperada que afectó su rendimiento.

infirmity
infirmity
[Sustantivo]

the state of being weak and unhealthy, especially due to old age or sickness

debilidad

debilidad

Ex: Age often brings with it various infirmities, making daily tasks more challenging .

La edad a menudo trae consigo varias dolencias, lo que hace que las tareas diarias sean más desafiantes.

insanity
insanity
[Sustantivo]

a state of severe mental disorder affecting a person's ability to understand reality, think rationally, or behave in a socially acceptable manner

locura, enajenación mental

locura, enajenación mental

Ex: Legal standards often require a significant cognitive impairment for insanity.

Los estándares legales a menudo requieren un deterioro cognitivo significativo para la locura.

insufficiency
insufficiency
[Sustantivo]

a bodily system or organ's failure to function in an effective or typical manner

insuficiencia, fallo

insuficiencia, fallo

Ex: Intestinal insufficiency compromises nutrient absorption in the digestive system .

La insuficiencia intestinal compromete la absorción de nutrientes en el sistema digestivo.

malaise
malaise
[Sustantivo]

a feeling of being physically ill and irritated without knowing the reason

malestar

malestar

Ex: After recovering from the flu , he experienced lingering malaise, making it difficult to return to his normal routine .

Después de recuperarse de la gripe, experimentó un malestar persistente, lo que le dificultó volver a su rutina normal.

mental illness
mental illness
[Sustantivo]

conditions affecting how a person thinks, feels, behaves, or their mood, often needing medical or therapeutic help

enfermedad mental

enfermedad mental

Ex: Mental illness is not a personal failure but a health condition that deserves compassion .

La enfermedad mental no es un fracaso personal sino una condición de salud que merece compasión.

pandemic
pandemic
[Sustantivo]

a disease that spreads across a large region or even across the world

pandemia

pandemia

Ex: Pandemics can spread illness globally due to increased international travel and trade networks.

Las pandemias pueden propagar enfermedades a nivel mundial debido al aumento de los viajes internacionales y las redes comerciales.

syndrome
syndrome
[Sustantivo]

a set of characteristics, behaviors, or qualities commonly observed in a specific situation or group of individuals

síndrome

síndrome

Ex: Individuals displaying the " me , me , me syndrome" often prioritize their own needs and desires above those of others , regardless of the impact on the collective well-being .

Los individuos que muestran el síndrome «yo, yo, yo» a menudo priorizan sus propias necesidades y deseos por encima de los de los demás, independientemente del impacto en el bienestar colectivo.

lump
lump
[Sustantivo]

a swollen area under the skin, usually caused by a sickness or injury

hinchazón, bulto

hinchazón, bulto

Ex: Depending on the cause , treatment for a lump may range from observation and monitoring to medical interventions such as antibiotics , surgery , or chemotherapy .

Dependiendo de la causa, el tratamiento para un bulto puede variar desde la observación y el monitoreo hasta intervenciones médicas como antibióticos, cirugía o quimioterapia.

cough
cough
[Sustantivo]

a condition or disease that makes one cough frequently

tos

tos

Ex: She developed a cough after being exposed to dust .

Ella desarrolló una tos después de estar expuesta al polvo.

trauma
trauma
[Sustantivo]

damage inflicted on the body as a result of an external force or event

traumatismo, trauma

traumatismo, trauma

Ex: Victims of domestic violence often suffer from both physical and emotional trauma.

Las víctimas de violencia doméstica a menudo sufren de trauma tanto físico como emocional.

injury
injury
[Sustantivo]

any physical damage to a part of the body caused by an accident or attack

herida

herida

Ex: The soldier received an award for bravery after an injury in battle .

El soldado recibió un premio por valentía después de una lesión en batalla.

incapacity
incapacity
[Sustantivo]

‌the state of being physically or mentally unable to do one's work or to manage one's affairs

incapacidad

incapacidad

bout
bout
[Sustantivo]

a short period during which someone is suffering from an illness

ataque

ataque

Ex: A sudden bout of vertigo caused her to feel dizzy and disoriented , prompting her to sit down and rest .

Un episodio repentino de vértigo le hizo sentirse mareada y desorientada, lo que la llevó a sentarse y descansar.

carrier
carrier
[Sustantivo]

a person or animal that carries a disease, without suffering from it themselves, and transmits to other people or animals

portador

portador

Ex: Genetic testing revealed that she was a carrier of a hereditary disease , which could potentially be passed on to her children .

Las pruebas genéticas revelaron que era portadora de una enfermedad hereditaria, que potencialmente podría transmitirse a sus hijos.

community spread
community spread
[Sustantivo]

the outbreak of a contagious illness among the people of a particular region where the source of the infection is not easily traceable

propagación comunitaria

propagación comunitaria

Ex: Community spread of the disease indicates that the virus is widely circulating within the population , making containment more challenging .

La propagación comunitaria de la enfermedad indica que el virus está circulando ampliamente dentro de la población, lo que hace más difícil su contención.

dehydration
dehydration
[Sustantivo]

a harmful state in which the body has lost a lot of water

deshidratación

deshidratación

exacerbation
exacerbation
[Sustantivo]

the act of aggravating a disease, pain, illness, etc.

exacerbación

exacerbación

malady
malady
[Sustantivo]

any physical problem that might put one's health in danger

enfermedad, mal

enfermedad, mal

Ex: The medieval village was plagued by a malady that spread rapidly , causing widespread illness and death .

El pueblo medieval fue azotado por una enfermedad que se propagó rápidamente, causando una enfermedad generalizada y muerte.

nausea
nausea
[Sustantivo]

the feeling of discomfort in the stomach, often with the urge to vomit

náusea

náusea

Ex: Nausea is a common side effect of chemotherapy treatment .

Las náuseas son un efecto secundario común del tratamiento de quimioterapia.

pain
pain
[Sustantivo]

the unpleasant feeling caused by an illness or injury

dolor

dolor

Ex: The pain from his sunburn made it hard to sleep .

El dolor de su quemadura solar hacía difícil dormir.

pallor
pallor
[Sustantivo]

the condition of having an unhealthy pale appearance as a result of illness, emotional distress, etc.

palidez

palidez

pathogen
pathogen
[Sustantivo]

any organism that can cause diseases

agente patógeno

agente patógeno

Ex: The pathogen responsible for malaria is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito .

El patógeno responsable de la malaria se transmite a los humanos a través de la picadura de un mosquito infectado.

patient zero
patient zero
[Sustantivo]

the first person known to have a certain disease, often seen as the starting point of an outbreak

paciente cero

paciente cero

Ex: By identifying patient zero early , authorities can implement effective containment measures to control the spread of the disease .

Al identificar el paciente cero temprano, las autoridades pueden implementar medidas de contención efectivas para controlar la propagación de la enfermedad.

attack
attack
[Sustantivo]

a sudden, severe, and often brief appearance of a health problem that is hard to control

arrebato (enfermedad)

arrebato (enfermedad)

Ex: The allergy attack caused his throat to swell , making it difficult for him to breathe .

El ataque de alergia hizo que su garganta se hinchara, dificultándole la respiración.

emaciation
emaciation
[Sustantivo]

a state of extreme thinness and weakness, often due to illness, starvation, etc.

demacración

demacración

Ex: The severity of his emaciation was a clear sign of the neglect and abuse he had suffered .

La gravedad de su emaciación era un claro signo del abandono y el abuso que había sufrido.

agony
agony
[Sustantivo]

severe physical or mental pain

dolor agudo

dolor agudo

Ex: Patients with severe burns often experience excruciating agony during treatment .

Los pacientes con quemaduras graves a menudo experimentan una agonía insoportable durante el tratamiento.

coma
coma
[Sustantivo]

a state of deep unconsciousness, typically of a long duration and caused by a serious injury or severe illness

coma

coma

Ex: The medical team worked hard to determine the cause of his coma.

El equipo médico trabajó duro para determinar la causa de su coma.

superspreader
superspreader
[Sustantivo]

someone who spreads a contagious disease to a very large number of people

supercontagiador, supervector

supercontagiador, supervector

symptom
symptom
[Sustantivo]

a change in the normal condition of the body of a person, which is the sign of a disease

síntoma

síntoma

Ex: She visited the doctor because of severe headaches , a symptom she could n't ignore .

Ella visitó al médico debido a fuertes dolores de cabeza, un síntoma que no podía ignorar.

unconsciousness
unconsciousness
[Sustantivo]

the state of not being awake or aware of one's surroundings

inconsciencia

inconsciencia

Ex: Unconsciousness can be a serious medical condition requiring immediate attention .

Inconsciencia puede ser una condición médica grave que requiere atención inmediata.

undernourishment
undernourishment
[Sustantivo]

a condition in which individuals do not receive enough nutrients and calories, leading to various health problems such as stunted growth

desnutrición

desnutrición

Ex: Chronic undernourishment results in fatigue , weakness , and impaired cognitive function .

La desnutrición crónica resulta en fatiga, debilidad y deterioro de la función cognitiva.

upset
upset
[Sustantivo]

a health problem that disrupts the normal functioning of the stomach

malestar

malestar

Ex: The upset was caused by eating too much rich food .

El malestar fue causado por comer demasiada comida rica.

red zone
red zone
[Sustantivo]

an area with a high number of infected people where strict public health rules are applied to control the spread of infection

zona roja

zona roja

Ex: It 's essential to stay updated on the latest information regarding red zones and adhere to recommended safety measures to protect yourself and others during a pandemic .

Es esencial mantenerse actualizado sobre la información más reciente respecto a las zonas rojas y adherirse a las medidas de seguridad recomendadas para protegerse a uno mismo y a los demás durante una pandemia.

relapse
relapse
[Sustantivo]

‌the return of symptoms or a condition after a period of improvement or recovery

recaída

recaída

Ex: The athlete 's injury healed well initially , but unfortunately , there was a relapse, and they had to undergo further treatment .

La lesión del atleta sanó bien inicialmente, pero desafortunadamente, hubo una recaída, y tuvieron que someterse a un tratamiento adicional.

seizure
seizure
[Sustantivo]

a sudden and unexpected start or return of a medical problem

ataque, convulsión

ataque, convulsión

Ex: The family was given instructions on how to handle a seizure episode at home .

A la familia se le dieron instrucciones sobre cómo manejar un episodio de convulsión en casa.

shake
shake
[Sustantivo]

a reflexive movement of the body or part of it caused by cold, fear, or excitement

tembleque

tembleque

Ex: He tried to hide the shake of fear in his voice .

Intentó ocultar el temblor de miedo en su voz.

sneeze
sneeze
[Sustantivo]

the act of blowing air out of your nose and mouth in a forceful way

estornudo

estornudo

Ex: The sneeze interrupted her while she was talking

El estornudo la interrumpió mientras hablaba.

cyst
cyst
[Sustantivo]

a growth with abnormal features that appears in the body and contains fluid

quiste

quiste

debility
debility
[Sustantivo]

physical weakness that is caused by a disease or aging

debilidad

debilidad

Ex: The disease progressed , leading to increasing debility and a decline in overall physical functioning .

La enfermedad progresó, lo que llevó a una debilidad creciente y a un deterioro del funcionamiento físico general.

clean bill of health

a doctor's report stating that the patient is in good physical or mental health

Ex: US President Joe Biden got the clean bill of health on Friday after a detailed physical examination.
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