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Salud y Enfermedad - Sustantivos generales relacionados con la salud y la enfermedad

Aquí aprenderás algunos sustantivos generales en inglés relacionados con la salud y la enfermedad, como "condición", "epidemia" y "portador".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
illness
illness
[Sustantivo]

the state of being physically or mentally sick

enfermedad

enfermedad

Ex: He recovered from his illness after a long treatment. 

Se recuperó de su enfermedad después de un largo tratamiento.

disease
disease
[Sustantivo]

an illness in a human, animal, or plant that affects health

enfermedad

enfermedad

Ex: She campaigns for awareness of the disease. 

Ella hace campaña para concienciar sobre la enfermedad.

sickness
sickness
[Sustantivo]

the state of being unwell

enfermedad

enfermedad

Ex: She carried medicine for any unexpected sickness during her trip. 

Llevaba medicina para cualquier enfermedad inesperada durante su viaje.

infection
infection
[Sustantivo]

the act in which a disease-causing organism, such as a virus or parasite, causes a particular illness

infección

infección

Ex: Hospitals take strict precautions to prevent infections from spreading among patients and staff. 

Los hospitales toman precauciones estrictas para evitar que las infecciones se propaguen entre pacientes y personal.

disorder
disorder
[Sustantivo]

a disease, illness, or medical condition that impairs normal physical or mental function

trastorno

trastorno

Ex: The patient suffers from a rare blood disorder. 

El paciente sufre de un trastorno sanguíneo raro.

complaint
complaint
[Sustantivo]

a typically minor health issue or condition for which one seeks medical assistance

dolencia, afección

dolencia, afección

Ex: The clinic specializes in treating various skin complaints, from rashes to eczema. 

La clínica se especializa en tratar diversas afecciones de la piel, desde erupciones hasta eczema.

condition
condition
[Sustantivo]

a medical problem, such as a disorder, illness, etc.

afección, enfermedad

afección, enfermedad

Ex: Living with a mental health condition can be challenging, but many find support through therapy and community resources. 

Vivir con una condición de salud mental puede ser un desafío, pero muchos encuentran apoyo a través de la terapia y los recursos comunitarios.

epidemic
epidemic
[Sustantivo]

the rapid spread of an infectious disease within a specific population, community, or region, affecting a significant number of individuals at the same time

epidemia

epidemia

Ex: The flu epidemic affected thousands of people last winter. 

La epidemia de gripe afectó a miles de personas el invierno pasado.

contagion
contagion
[Sustantivo]

any disease or virus that can be easily passed from one person to another

enfermedad contagiosa

enfermedad contagiosa

Ex: Frequent handwashing and wearing masks are effective measures to reduce the risk of contagion in crowded places. 

Lavarse las manos con frecuencia y usar mascarillas son medidas efectivas para reducir el riesgo de contagio en lugares concurridos.

affliction
affliction
[Sustantivo]

a state of pain or suffering due to a physical or mental condition

aflicción

aflicción

Ex: Chronic back pain was his most debilitating affliction, affecting his ability to work and enjoy daily activities. 

El dolor crónico de espalda era su aflicción más debilitante, afectando su capacidad para trabajar y disfrutar de las actividades diarias.

bug
bug
[Sustantivo]

a tiny living organism that can cause disease

virus, infección

virus, infección

Ex: The doctor explained how the bug spreads. 

El médico explicó cómo se propaga el bicho.

burnout
burnout
[Sustantivo]

a state of emotional, mental, and physical exhaustion caused by stress, overwork, or a lack of balance between work and personal life

agotamiento

agotamiento

Ex: The company implemented new policies to address employee burnout and promote a healthier work-life balance. 

La empresa implementó nuevas políticas para abordar el agotamiento de los empleados y promover un equilibrio más saludable entre el trabajo y la vida personal.

indisposition
indisposition
[Sustantivo]

a mild state of being unwell, often leading to a temporary inability to perform one's usual activities

indisposición, malestar

indisposición, malestar

Ex: The manager showed understanding when the team member communicated their indisposition and need for a sick day. 

El gerente mostró comprensión cuando el miembro del equipo comunicó su indisposición y la necesidad de un día de enfermedad.

infirmity
infirmity
[Sustantivo]

the state of being weak and unhealthy, especially due to old age or sickness

debilidad

debilidad

Ex: Age often brings with it various infirmities, making daily tasks more challenging. 

La edad a menudo trae consigo varias dolencias, lo que hace que las tareas diarias sean más desafiantes.

insanity
insanity
[Sustantivo]

a state of severe mental disorder affecting a person's ability to understand reality, think rationally, or behave in a socially acceptable manner

locura, enajenación mental

locura, enajenación mental

Ex: Early intervention is emphasized for symptoms associated with insanity. 

Se enfatiza la intervención temprana para los síntomas asociados con la locura.

insufficiency
insufficiency
[Sustantivo]

a bodily system or organ's failure to function in an effective or typical manner

insuficiencia, fallo

insuficiencia, fallo

Ex: Thyroid insufficiency leads to inadequate production of thyroid hormones. 

La insuficiencia tiroidea conduce a una producción inadecuada de hormonas tiroideas.

malaise
malaise
[Sustantivo]

a feeling of being physically ill and irritated without knowing the reason

malestar

malestar

Ex: She felt a general sense of malaise, with fatigue and a lack of energy persisting for several days. 

Ella sentía una sensación general de malestar, con fatiga y falta de energía que persistían durante varios días.

mental illness
mental illness
[Sustantivo]

conditions affecting how a person thinks, feels, behaves, or their mood, often needing medical or therapeutic help

enfermedad mental

enfermedad mental

Ex: Support from friends and family plays a crucial role in managing mental illness. 

El apoyo de amigos y familiares juega un papel crucial en el manejo de las enfermedades mentales.

pandemic
pandemic
[Sustantivo]

a disease that spreads across a large region or even across the world

pandemia

pandemia

Ex: Pandemics can spread illness globally due to increased international travel and trade networks. 

Las pandemias pueden propagar enfermedades a nivel mundial debido al aumento de los viajes internacionales y las redes comerciales.

syndrome
syndrome
[Sustantivo]

a set of characteristics, behaviors, or qualities commonly observed in a specific situation or group of individuals

síndrome

síndrome

Ex: "Battered Woman Syndrome" refers to a pattern of psychological symptoms experienced by women who have been subjected to prolonged abuse by their partners. 

El síndrome de la mujer maltratada se refiere a un patrón de síntomas psicológicos experimentados por mujeres que han sido sometidas a abuso prolongado por parte de sus parejas.

lump
lump
[Sustantivo]

a swollen area under the skin, usually caused by a sickness or injury

hinchazón, bulto

hinchazón, bulto

Ex: Common places where lumps may occur include the neck, armpits, groin, breasts, and joints. 

Los lugares comunes donde pueden aparecer bultos incluyen el cuello, las axilas, la ingle, los senos y las articulaciones.

cough
cough
[Sustantivo]

a condition or disease that makes one cough frequently

tos

tos

Ex: The child's cough worsened, prompting a visit to the pediatrician. 

La tos del niño empeoró, lo que provocó una visita al pediatra.

trauma
trauma
[Sustantivo]

damage inflicted on the body as a result of an external force or event

traumatismo, trauma

traumatismo, trauma

Ex: Victims of domestic violence often suffer from both physical and emotional trauma. 

Las víctimas de violencia doméstica a menudo sufren de trauma tanto físico como emocional.

injury
injury
[Sustantivo]

any physical damage to a part of the body caused by an accident or attack

herida

herida

Ex: She's been doing exercises to heal her shoulder injury. 

Ella ha estado haciendo ejercicios para sanar su lesión en el hombro.

incapacity
incapacity
[Sustantivo]

‌the state of being physically or mentally unable to do one's work or to manage one's affairs

incapacidad

incapacidad

bout
bout
[Sustantivo]

a short period during which someone is suffering from an illness

ataque

ataque

Ex: His frequent bouts of insomnia left him feeling exhausted and unable to focus during the day. 

Sus frecuentes episodios de insomnio lo dejaban sintiéndose exhausto e incapaz de concentrarse durante el día.

carrier
carrier
[Sustantivo]

a person or animal that carries a disease, without suffering from it themselves, and transmits to other people or animals

portador

portador

Ex: Typhoid Mary became infamous as a carrier of typhoid fever, transmitting the disease to many while remaining unaffected herself. 

Typhoid Mary se hizo infame como portadora de la fiebre tifoidea, transmitiendo la enfermedad a muchos mientras ella misma permanecía sin afectarse.

community spread
community spread
[Sustantivo]

the outbreak of a contagious illness among the people of a particular region where the source of the infection is not easily traceable

propagación comunitaria

propagación comunitaria

Ex: The rapid community spread of the virus has overwhelmed local hospitals and healthcare facilities. 

La rápida propagación comunitaria del virus ha abrumado a los hospitales y centros de salud locales.

dehydration
dehydration
[Sustantivo]

a harmful state in which the body has lost a lot of water

deshidratación

deshidratación

exacerbation
exacerbation
[Sustantivo]

the act of aggravating a disease, pain, illness, etc.

exacerbación

exacerbación

malady
malady
[Sustantivo]

any physical problem that might put one's health in danger

enfermedad, mal

enfermedad, mal

Ex: The doctor diagnosed her with a mysterious malady that caused chronic fatigue and muscle weakness. 

El médico la diagnosticó con una enfermedad misteriosa que causaba fatiga crónica y debilidad muscular.

nausea
nausea
[Sustantivo]

the feeling of discomfort in the stomach, often with the urge to vomit

náusea

náusea

Ex: She experienced nausea after eating too much at the fair. 

Ella experimentó náuseas después de comer demasiado en la feria.

pain
pain
[Sustantivo]

the unpleasant feeling caused by an illness or injury

dolor

dolor

Ex: The dentist gave me medicine to ease the pain. 

El dentista me dio medicina para aliviar el dolor.

pallor
pallor
[Sustantivo]

the condition of having an unhealthy pale appearance as a result of illness, emotional distress, etc.

palidez

palidez

pathogen
pathogen
[Sustantivo]

any organism that can cause diseases

agente patógeno

agente patógeno

Ex: The researchers identified a new viral pathogen that was causing the outbreak of respiratory illness in the community. 

Los investigadores identificaron un nuevo patógeno viral que estaba causando el brote de enfermedad respiratoria en la comunidad.

patient zero
patient zero
[Sustantivo]

the first person known to have a certain disease, often seen as the starting point of an outbreak

paciente cero

paciente cero

Ex: Researchers are studying patient zero to learn more about the transmission and progression of the virus. 

Los investigadores están estudiando al paciente cero para aprender más sobre la transmisión y progresión del virus.

attack
attack
[Sustantivo]

a sudden, severe, and often brief appearance of a health problem that is hard to control

arrebato (enfermedad)

arrebato (enfermedad)

Ex: During the meeting, he suffered a heart attack and needed immediate medical attention. 

Durante la reunión, sufrió un ataque al corazón y necesitó atención médica inmediata.

emaciation
emaciation
[Sustantivo]

a state of extreme thinness and weakness, often due to illness, starvation, etc.

demacración

demacración

Ex: The veterinarian was alarmed by the emaciation of the stray dog and quickly began a feeding regimen. 

El veterinario se alarmó por la emaciación del perro callejero y rápidamente comenzó un régimen de alimentación.

agony
agony
[Sustantivo]

severe physical or mental pain

dolor agudo

dolor agudo

Ex: The agony of arthritis can make simple movements excruciating. 

La agonía de la artritis puede hacer que los movimientos simples sean insoportables.

coma
coma
[Sustantivo]

a state of deep unconsciousness, typically of a long duration and caused by a serious injury or severe illness

coma

coma

Ex: Doctors monitored her brain activity while she was in a coma. 

Los médicos monitorearon su actividad cerebral mientras estaba en coma.

superspreader
superspreader
[Sustantivo]

someone who spreads a contagious disease to a very large number of people

supercontagiador, supervector

supercontagiador, supervector

symptom
symptom
[Sustantivo]

a change in the normal condition of the body of a person, which is the sign of a disease

síntoma

síntoma

Ex: Muscle aches and fatigue are common symptoms of many viral infections. 

Los dolores musculares y la fatiga son síntomas comunes de muchas infecciones virales.

unconsciousness
unconsciousness
[Sustantivo]

the state of not being awake or aware of one's surroundings

inconsciencia

inconsciencia

Ex: She experienced brief unconsciousness after the fainting spell. 

Ella experimentó una breve inconsciencia después del desmayo.

undernourishment
undernourishment
[Sustantivo]

a condition in which individuals do not receive enough nutrients and calories, leading to various health problems such as stunted growth

desnutrición

desnutrición

Ex: During pregnancy, undernourishment can harm both the mother and the baby's health. 

Durante el embarazo, la desnutrición puede dañar la salud tanto de la madre como del bebé.

upset
upset
[Sustantivo]

a health problem that disrupts the normal functioning of the stomach

malestar

malestar

Ex: The upset led to severe cramps and bloating. 

El malestar provocó calambres severos e hinchazón.

red zone
red zone
[Sustantivo]

an area with a high number of infected people where strict public health rules are applied to control the spread of infection

zona roja

zona roja

Ex: Travel to and from regions classified as a red zone is currently restricted to limit the movement of potentially infected individuals. 

Los viajes hacia y desde las regiones clasificadas como zona roja están actualmente restringidos para limitar el movimiento de personas potencialmente infectadas.

relapse
relapse
[Sustantivo]

‌the return of symptoms or a condition after a period of improvement or recovery

recaída

recaída

Ex: Despite her efforts to manage her depression, she experienced a relapse and sought help from her therapist. 

A pesar de sus esfuerzos por manejar su depresión, experimentó una recaída y buscó ayuda de su terapeuta.

seizure
seizure
[Sustantivo]

a sudden and unexpected start or return of a medical problem

ataque, convulsión

ataque, convulsión

Ex: Witnessing her friend's seizure was terrifying, but she knew what to do and called for help immediately. 

Presenciar la crisis de su amiga fue aterrador, pero ella supo qué hacer y llamó a ayuda de inmediato.

shake
shake
[Sustantivo]

a reflexive movement of the body or part of it caused by cold, fear, or excitement

tembleque

tembleque

Ex: She felt a shake of excitement as she opened the letter. 

Sintió un temblor de emoción al abrir la carta.

sneeze
sneeze
[Sustantivo]

the act of blowing air out of your nose and mouth in a forceful way

estornudo

estornudo

Ex: She couldn't hold back the sneeze during the quiet moment. 

No pudo contener el estornudo durante el momento tranquilo.

cyst
cyst
[Sustantivo]

a growth with abnormal features that appears in the body and contains fluid

quiste

quiste

debility
debility
[Sustantivo]

physical weakness that is caused by a disease or aging

debilidad

debilidad

Ex: The disease progressed, leading to increasing debility and a decline in overall physical functioning. 

La enfermedad progresó, lo que llevó a una debilidad creciente y a un deterioro del funcionamiento físico general.

clean bill of health

a doctor's report stating that the patient is in good physical or mental health

Ex: He's been given a clean bill of health by the doctor. 
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