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Salud y Enfermedad - Sustantivos generales relacionados con la salud y la enfermedad

Aquí aprenderás algunos sustantivos generales en inglés relacionados con la salud y la enfermedad, como "condición", "epidemia" y "portador".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
illness
[Sustantivo]

the state of being physically or mentally sick

enfermedad

enfermedad

Ex: His sudden illness worried everyone in the office .Su **enfermedad** repentina preocupó a todos en la oficina.
disease
[Sustantivo]

an illness in a human, animal, or plant that affects health

enfermedad

enfermedad

Ex: The disease is spreading rapidly through the population .La **enfermedad** se está propagando rápidamente entre la población.
sickness
[Sustantivo]

the state of being unwell

enfermedad

enfermedad

Ex: The village experienced a wave of sickness last month .El pueblo experimentó una ola de **enfermedad** el mes pasado.
infection
[Sustantivo]

the act in which a disease-causing organism, such as a virus or parasite, causes a particular illness

infección

infección

Ex: Hospitals take strict precautions to prevent infections from spreading among patients and staff .Los hospitales toman precauciones estrictas para evitar que las **infecciones** se propaguen entre pacientes y personal.
disorder
[Sustantivo]

a disease or a medical condition that prevents a part of the body or mind from functioning normally

trastorno

trastorno

complaint
[Sustantivo]

a typically minor health issue or condition for which one seeks medical assistance

dolencia, afección

dolencia, afección

Ex: The most common complaint among the elderly population is arthritis-related pain .La **queja** más común entre la población anciana es el dolor relacionado con la artritis.
condition
[Sustantivo]

a medical problem, such as a disorder, illness, etc.

afección, enfermedad

afección, enfermedad

Ex: Patients with the condition often report a variety of symptoms that can vary in severity .Los pacientes con la **afección** a menudo informan una variedad de síntomas que pueden variar en severidad.
epidemic
[Sustantivo]

the rapid spread of an infectious disease within a specific population, community, or region, affecting a significant number of individuals at the same time

epidemia

epidemia

Ex: The epidemic put a strain on the healthcare system .La **epidemia** puso en tensión al sistema de salud.
contagion
[Sustantivo]

any disease or virus that can be easily passed from one person to another

enfermedad contagiosa

enfermedad contagiosa

Ex: Despite their efforts , the contagion spread rapidly , leading to a significant increase in hospital admissions .A pesar de sus esfuerzos, la **contagio** se propagó rápidamente, lo que llevó a un aumento significativo en los ingresos hospitalarios.
affliction
[Sustantivo]

a state of pain or suffering due to a physical or mental condition

aflicción

aflicción

Ex: The affliction of migraines made it difficult for her to concentrate and disrupted her daily routine .**La aflicción** de las migrañas le dificultó concentrarse y alteró su rutina diaria.
bug
[Sustantivo]

a fairly mild yet infectious illness that is caused by a virus or bacteria

virus, infección

virus, infección

burnout
[Sustantivo]

a state of emotional, mental, and physical exhaustion caused by stress, overwork, or a lack of balance between work and personal life

agotamiento

agotamiento

Ex: Taking regular breaks and practicing self-care activities are essential strategies for preventing burnout in high-stress environments .Tomar descansos regulares y practicar actividades de autocuidado son estrategias esenciales para prevenir el **agotamiento** en entornos de alto estrés.
indisposition
[Sustantivo]

a mild state of being unwell, often leading to a temporary inability to perform one's usual activities

indisposición, malestar

indisposición, malestar

Ex: The athlete decided to withdraw from the competition due to an unexpected indisposition affecting their performance .El atleta decidió retirarse de la competencia debido a una **indisposición** inesperada que afectó su rendimiento.
infirmity
[Sustantivo]

the state of being weak and unhealthy, especially due to old age or sickness

debilidad

debilidad

Ex: Age often brings with it various infirmities, making daily tasks more challenging .La edad a menudo trae consigo varias **dolencias**, lo que hace que las tareas diarias sean más desafiantes.
insanity
[Sustantivo]

a state of severe mental disorder affecting a person's ability to understand reality, think rationally, or behave in a socially acceptable manner

locura, enajenación mental

locura, enajenación mental

Ex: Legal standards often require a significant cognitive impairment for insanity.Los estándares legales a menudo requieren un deterioro cognitivo significativo para la **locura**.
insufficiency
[Sustantivo]

a bodily system or organ's failure to function in an effective or typical manner

insuficiencia, fallo

insuficiencia, fallo

Ex: Intestinal insufficiency compromises nutrient absorption in the digestive system .La **insuficiencia** intestinal compromete la absorción de nutrientes en el sistema digestivo.
malaise
[Sustantivo]

a feeling of being physically ill and irritated without knowing the reason

malestar

malestar

Ex: After recovering from the flu , he experienced lingering malaise, making it difficult to return to his normal routine .Después de recuperarse de la gripe, experimentó un **malestar** persistente, lo que le dificultó volver a su rutina normal.
mental illness
[Sustantivo]

conditions affecting how a person thinks, feels, behaves, or their mood, often needing medical or therapeutic help

enfermedad mental

enfermedad mental

Ex: Mental illness is not a personal failure but a health condition that deserves compassion .**La enfermedad mental** no es un fracaso personal sino una condición de salud que merece compasión.
pandemic
[Sustantivo]

a disease that spreads across a large region or even across the world

pandemia

pandemia

Ex: Pandemics can spread illness globally due to increased international travel and trade networks.Las **pandemias** pueden propagar enfermedades a nivel mundial debido al aumento de los viajes internacionales y las redes comerciales.
syndrome
[Sustantivo]

a set of characteristics, behaviors, or qualities commonly observed in a specific situation or group of individuals

síndrome

síndrome

Ex: Individuals displaying the " me , me , me syndrome" often prioritize their own needs and desires above those of others , regardless of the impact on the collective well-being .Los individuos que muestran el **síndrome** «yo, yo, yo» a menudo priorizan sus propias necesidades y deseos por encima de los de los demás, independientemente del impacto en el bienestar colectivo.
lump
[Sustantivo]

a swollen area under the skin, usually caused by a sickness or injury

hinchazón, bulto

hinchazón, bulto

Ex: Depending on the cause , treatment for a lump may range from observation and monitoring to medical interventions such as antibiotics , surgery , or chemotherapy .Dependiendo de la causa, el tratamiento para un **bulto** puede variar desde la observación y el monitoreo hasta intervenciones médicas como antibióticos, cirugía o quimioterapia.
cough
[Sustantivo]

a condition or disease that makes one cough frequently

tos

tos

Ex: She developed a cough after being exposed to dust .Ella desarrolló una **tos** después de estar expuesta al polvo.
trauma
[Sustantivo]

damage inflicted on the body as a result of an external force or event

traumatismo, trauma

traumatismo, trauma

Ex: Victims of domestic violence often suffer from both physical and emotional trauma.Las víctimas de violencia doméstica a menudo sufren de **trauma** tanto físico como emocional.
injury
[Sustantivo]

any physical damage to a part of the body caused by an accident or attack

herida

herida

Ex: The soldier received an award for bravery after an injury in battle .El soldado recibió un premio por valentía después de una **lesión** en batalla.
incapacity
[Sustantivo]

‌the state of being physically or mentally unable to do one's work or to manage one's affairs

incapacidad

incapacidad

bout
[Sustantivo]

a short period during which someone is suffering from an illness

ataque

ataque

Ex: A sudden bout of vertigo caused her to feel dizzy and disoriented , prompting her to sit down and rest .Un **episodio** repentino de vértigo le hizo sentirse mareada y desorientada, lo que la llevó a sentarse y descansar.
carrier
[Sustantivo]

a person or animal that carries a disease, without suffering from it themselves, and transmits to other people or animals

portador

portador

Ex: Genetic testing revealed that she was a carrier of a hereditary disease , which could potentially be passed on to her children .Las pruebas genéticas revelaron que era **portadora** de una enfermedad hereditaria, que potencialmente podría transmitirse a sus hijos.
community spread
[Sustantivo]

the outbreak of a contagious illness among the people of a particular region where the source of the infection is not easily traceable

propagación comunitaria

propagación comunitaria

Ex: Community spread of the disease indicates that the virus is widely circulating within the population , making containment more challenging .La **propagación comunitaria** de la enfermedad indica que el virus está circulando ampliamente dentro de la población, lo que hace más difícil su contención.
dehydration
[Sustantivo]

a harmful state in which the body has lost a lot of water

deshidratación

deshidratación

exacerbation
[Sustantivo]

the act of aggravating a disease, pain, illness, etc.

exacerbación

exacerbación

malady
[Sustantivo]

any physical problem that might put one's health in danger

enfermedad, mal

enfermedad, mal

Ex: The medieval village was plagued by a malady that spread rapidly , causing widespread illness and death .El pueblo medieval fue azotado por una **enfermedad** que se propagó rápidamente, causando una enfermedad generalizada y muerte.
nausea
[Sustantivo]

the feeling of discomfort in the stomach, often with the urge to vomit

náusea

náusea

Ex: Nausea is a common side effect of chemotherapy treatment .Las **náuseas** son un efecto secundario común del tratamiento de quimioterapia.
pain
[Sustantivo]

the unpleasant feeling caused by an illness or injury

dolor

dolor

Ex: The pain from his sunburn made it hard to sleep .El **dolor** de su quemadura solar hacía difícil dormir.
pallor
[Sustantivo]

the condition of having an unhealthy pale appearance as a result of illness, emotional distress, etc.

palidez

palidez

pathogen
[Sustantivo]

any organism that can cause diseases

agente patógeno

agente patógeno

Ex: The pathogen responsible for malaria is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito .El **patógeno** responsable de la malaria se transmite a los humanos a través de la picadura de un mosquito infectado.
patient zero
[Sustantivo]

the first person known to have a certain disease, often seen as the starting point of an outbreak

paciente cero

paciente cero

Ex: By identifying patient zero early , authorities can implement effective containment measures to control the spread of the disease .Al identificar **el paciente cero** temprano, las autoridades pueden implementar medidas de contención efectivas para controlar la propagación de la enfermedad.
attack
[Sustantivo]

a sudden, severe, and often brief appearance of a health problem that is hard to control

arrebato (enfermedad)

arrebato (enfermedad)

Ex: The allergy attack caused his throat to swell , making it difficult for him to breathe .**El ataque** de alergia hizo que su garganta se hinchara, dificultándole la respiración.
emaciation
[Sustantivo]

a state of extreme thinness and weakness, often due to illness, starvation, etc.

demacración

demacración

Ex: The severity of his emaciation was a clear sign of the neglect and abuse he had suffered .La gravedad de su **emaciación** era un claro signo del abandono y el abuso que había sufrido.
agony
[Sustantivo]

severe physical or mental pain

dolor agudo

dolor agudo

Ex: Patients with severe burns often experience excruciating agony during treatment .Los pacientes con quemaduras graves a menudo experimentan una **agonía** insoportable durante el tratamiento.
coma
[Sustantivo]

a state of deep unconsciousness, typically of a long duration and caused by a serious injury or severe illness

coma

coma

Ex: The medical team worked hard to determine the cause of his coma.El equipo médico trabajó duro para determinar la causa de su **coma**.
superspreader
[Sustantivo]

someone who spreads a contagious disease to a very large number of people

supercontagiador, supervector

supercontagiador, supervector

symptom
[Sustantivo]

a change in the normal condition of the body of a person, which is the sign of a disease

síntoma

síntoma

Ex: She visited the doctor because of severe headaches , a symptom she could n't ignore .Ella visitó al médico debido a fuertes dolores de cabeza, un **síntoma** que no podía ignorar.
unconsciousness
[Sustantivo]

the state of not being awake or aware of one's surroundings

inconsciencia

inconsciencia

Ex: Unconsciousness can be a serious medical condition requiring immediate attention .**Inconsciencia** puede ser una condición médica grave que requiere atención inmediata.
undernourishment
[Sustantivo]

a condition in which individuals do not receive enough nutrients and calories, leading to various health problems such as stunted growth

desnutrición

desnutrición

Ex: Chronic undernourishment results in fatigue , weakness , and impaired cognitive function .La **desnutrición** crónica resulta en fatiga, debilidad y deterioro de la función cognitiva.
upset
[Sustantivo]

a health problem that disrupts the normal functioning of the stomach

malestar

malestar

Ex: The upset was caused by eating too much rich food .El **malestar** fue causado por comer demasiada comida rica.
red zone
[Sustantivo]

an area with a high number of infected people where strict public health rules are applied to control the spread of infection

zona roja

zona roja

Ex: It 's essential to stay updated on the latest information regarding red zones and adhere to recommended safety measures to protect yourself and others during a pandemic .Es esencial mantenerse actualizado sobre la información más reciente respecto a las **zonas rojas** y adherirse a las medidas de seguridad recomendadas para protegerse a uno mismo y a los demás durante una pandemia.
relapse
[Sustantivo]

‌the return of symptoms or a condition after a period of improvement or recovery

recaída

recaída

Ex: The athlete 's injury healed well initially , but unfortunately , there was a relapse, and they had to undergo further treatment .La lesión del atleta sanó bien inicialmente, pero desafortunadamente, hubo una **recaída**, y tuvieron que someterse a un tratamiento adicional.
seizure
[Sustantivo]

a sudden and unexpected start or return of a medical problem

ataque, convulsión

ataque, convulsión

Ex: The family was given instructions on how to handle a seizure episode at home .A la familia se le dieron instrucciones sobre cómo manejar un episodio de **convulsión** en casa.
shake
[Sustantivo]

involuntary, short movements in one or more parts of one's body in response to cold, fear, or excitement

tembleque

tembleque

sneeze
[Sustantivo]

the act of blowing air out of your nose and mouth in a forceful way

estornudo

estornudo

Ex: The sneeze interrupted her while she was talkingEl **estornudo** la interrumpió mientras hablaba.
cyst
[Sustantivo]

a growth with abnormal features that appears in the body and contains fluid

quiste

quiste

debility
[Sustantivo]

physical weakness that is caused by a disease or aging

debilidad

debilidad

Ex: The disease progressed , leading to increasing debility and a decline in overall physical functioning .La enfermedad progresó, lo que llevó a una **debilidad** creciente y a un deterioro del funcionamiento físico general.

a doctor's report stating that the patient is in good physical or mental health

Ex: US President Joe Biden got clean bill of health on Friday after a detailed physical examination .
Salud y Enfermedad
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