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Zdraví a Nemoci - Obecná podstatná jména související se zdravím a nemocí

Zde se naučíte některá obecná anglická podstatná jména související se zdravím a nemocí, jako je "stav", "epidemie" a "přenašeč".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
illness
[Podstatné jméno]

the state of being physically or mentally sick

nemoc, onemocnění

nemoc, onemocnění

Ex: His illness worried everyone in the office .
disease
[Podstatné jméno]

an illness in a human, animal, or plant that affects health

nemoc, choroba

nemoc, choroba

Ex: disease is spreading rapidly through the population .
sickness
[Podstatné jméno]

the state of being unwell

nemoc, choroba

nemoc, choroba

Ex: The village experienced a wave sickness last month .
infection
[Podstatné jméno]

the act in which a disease-causing organism, such as a virus or parasite, causes a particular illness

infekce, nakažení

infekce, nakažení

Ex: Hospitals take strict precautions to infections from spreading among patients and staff .
disorder
[Podstatné jméno]

a disease or a medical condition that prevents a part of the body or mind from functioning normally

porucha, onemocnění

porucha, onemocnění

complaint
[Podstatné jméno]

a typically minor health issue or condition for which one seeks medical assistance

stížnost, zdravotní problém

stížnost, zdravotní problém

Ex: The most complaint among the elderly population is arthritis-related pain .
condition
[Podstatné jméno]

a medical problem, such as a disorder, illness, etc.

stav, onemocnění

stav, onemocnění

Ex: Patients with condition often report a variety of symptoms that can vary in severity .
epidemic
[Podstatné jméno]

the rapid spread of an infectious disease within a specific population, community, or region, affecting a significant number of individuals at the same time

epidemie, nákaza

epidemie, nákaza

Ex: epidemic put a strain on the healthcare system .
contagion
[Podstatné jméno]

any disease or virus that can be easily passed from one person to another

nakažlivost, nákaza

nakažlivost, nákaza

Ex: Despite their efforts , contagion spread rapidly , leading to a significant increase in hospital admissions .
affliction
[Podstatné jméno]

a state of pain or suffering due to a physical or mental condition

utrpení, trápení

utrpení, trápení

Ex: affliction of migraines made it difficult for her to concentrate and disrupted her daily routine .
bug
[Podstatné jméno]

a fairly mild yet infectious illness that is caused by a virus or bacteria

nachlazení, viróza

nachlazení, viróza

burnout
[Podstatné jméno]

a state of emotional, mental, and physical exhaustion caused by stress, overwork, or a lack of balance between work and personal life

vyhoření, syndrom vyhoření

vyhoření, syndrom vyhoření

Ex: Taking regular breaks and practicing self-care activities are essential strategies for burnout in high-stress environments .
indisposition
[Podstatné jméno]

a mild state of being unwell, often leading to a temporary inability to perform one's usual activities

nevolnost, malátnost

nevolnost, malátnost

Ex: The athlete decided to withdraw from the competition due to an indisposition affecting their performance .
infirmity
[Podstatné jméno]

the state of being weak and unhealthy, especially due to old age or sickness

neduh, slabost

neduh, slabost

Ex: Age often brings with it infirmities, making daily tasks more challenging .
insanity
[Podstatné jméno]

a state of severe mental disorder affecting a person's ability to understand reality, think rationally, or behave in a socially acceptable manner

šílenství, duševní porucha

šílenství, duševní porucha

Ex: Legal standards often require a significant cognitive impairment insanity.
insufficiency
[Podstatné jméno]

a bodily system or organ's failure to function in an effective or typical manner

nedostatečnost, insuficience

nedostatečnost, insuficience

Ex: insufficiency compromises nutrient absorption in the digestive system .
malaise
[Podstatné jméno]

a feeling of being physically ill and irritated without knowing the reason

malátnost, neklid

malátnost, neklid

Ex: After recovering from the flu , he experienced malaise, making it difficult to return to his normal routine .
mental illness
[Podstatné jméno]

conditions affecting how a person thinks, feels, behaves, or their mood, often needing medical or therapeutic help

duševní nemoc, psychické onemocnění

duševní nemoc, psychické onemocnění

Ex: Mental illness is not a personal failure but a health condition that deserves compassion .
pandemic
[Podstatné jméno]

a disease that spreads across a large region or even across the world

pandemie, pandemická nemoc

pandemie, pandemická nemoc

Ex: Pandemics can spread illness globally due to increased international travel and trade networks.
syndrome
[Podstatné jméno]

a set of characteristics, behaviors, or qualities commonly observed in a specific situation or group of individuals

syndrom, syndrom charakteristik

syndrom, syndrom charakteristik

Ex: Individuals displaying the " me , me , syndrome" often prioritize their own needs and desires above those of others , regardless of the impact on the collective well-being .
lump
[Podstatné jméno]

a swollen area under the skin, usually caused by a sickness or injury

nádor, otok

nádor, otok

Ex: Depending on the cause , treatment for lump may range from observation and monitoring to medical interventions such as antibiotics , surgery , or chemotherapy .
cough
[Podstatné jméno]

a condition or disease that makes one cough frequently

kašel, kašlání

kašel, kašlání

Ex: She developed cough after being exposed to dust .
trauma
[Podstatné jméno]

damage inflicted on the body as a result of an external force or event

trauma, poranění

trauma, poranění

Ex: Victims of domestic violence often suffer from both physical and trauma.
injury
[Podstatné jméno]

any physical damage to a part of the body caused by an accident or attack

úraz, zranění

úraz, zranění

Ex: The soldier received an award for bravery after injury in battle .
incapacity
[Podstatné jméno]

‌the state of being physically or mentally unable to do one's work or to manage one's affairs

neschopnost, invalidita

neschopnost, invalidita

bout
[Podstatné jméno]

a short period during which someone is suffering from an illness

ataka, útok

ataka, útok

Ex: A bout of vertigo caused her to feel dizzy and disoriented , prompting her to sit down and rest .
carrier
[Podstatné jméno]

a person or animal that carries a disease, without suffering from it themselves, and transmits to other people or animals

nositel, přenašeč

nositel, přenašeč

Ex: Genetic testing revealed that she was carrier of a hereditary disease , which could potentially be passed on to her children .
community spread
[Podstatné jméno]

the outbreak of a contagious illness among the people of a particular region where the source of the infection is not easily traceable

komunitní přenos, přenos v komunitě

komunitní přenos, přenos v komunitě

Ex: Community spread of the disease indicates that the virus is widely circulating within the population , making containment more challenging .
dehydration
[Podstatné jméno]

a harmful state in which the body has lost a lot of water

dehydratace, odvodnění

dehydratace, odvodnění

exacerbation
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of aggravating a disease, pain, illness, etc.

zhoršení, exacerbace

zhoršení, exacerbace

malady
[Podstatné jméno]

any physical problem that might put one's health in danger

choroba, vážná nemoc

choroba, vážná nemoc

Ex: The medieval village was plagued by malady that spread rapidly , causing widespread illness and death .
nausea
[Podstatné jméno]

the feeling of discomfort in the stomach, often with the urge to vomit

nevolnost, nausea

nevolnost, nausea

Ex: Nausea is a common side effect of chemotherapy treatment .
pain
[Podstatné jméno]

the unpleasant feeling caused by an illness or injury

bolest, pocit bolesti

bolest, pocit bolesti

Ex: pain from his sunburn made it hard to sleep .
pallor
[Podstatné jméno]

the condition of having an unhealthy pale appearance as a result of illness, emotional distress, etc.

pallor, bledost

pallor, bledost

pathogen
[Podstatné jméno]

any organism that can cause diseases

patogen, mikrob

patogen, mikrob

Ex: pathogen responsible for malaria is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito .
patient zero
[Podstatné jméno]

the first person known to have a certain disease, often seen as the starting point of an outbreak

nula pacient, první pacient

nula pacient, první pacient

Ex: By patient zero early , authorities can implement effective containment measures to control the spread of the disease .
attack
[Podstatné jméno]

a sudden, severe, and often brief appearance of a health problem that is hard to control

záchvat, útok

záchvat, útok

Ex: The attack caused his throat to swell , making it difficult for him to breathe .
emaciation
[Podstatné jméno]

a state of extreme thinness and weakness, often due to illness, starvation, etc.

vysílení, hubenost

vysílení, hubenost

Ex: The severity of emaciation was a clear sign of the neglect and abuse he had suffered .
agony
[Podstatné jméno]

severe physical or mental pain

agónie, utrpení

agónie, utrpení

Ex: Patients with severe burns often experience agony during treatment .
coma
[Podstatné jméno]

a state of deep unconsciousness, typically of a long duration and caused by a serious injury or severe illness

komatózní stav, komatóza

komatózní stav, komatóza

Ex: The medical team worked hard to determine the cause of coma.
superspreader
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who spreads a contagious disease to a very large number of people

superspreadér, superpřenašeč

superspreadér, superpřenašeč

symptom
[Podstatné jméno]

a change in the normal condition of the body of a person, which is the sign of a disease

symptom, příznak

symptom, příznak

Ex: She visited the doctor because of severe headaches , symptom she could n't ignore .
unconsciousness
[Podstatné jméno]

the state of not being awake or aware of one's surroundings

bezvědomí, nevědomost

bezvědomí, nevědomost

Ex: Unconsciousness can be a serious medical condition requiring immediate attention .
undernourishment
[Podstatné jméno]

a condition in which individuals do not receive enough nutrients and calories, leading to various health problems such as stunted growth

podvýživa, nedostatečná výživa

podvýživa, nedostatečná výživa

Ex: undernourishment results in fatigue , weakness , and impaired cognitive function .
upset
[Podstatné jméno]

a health problem that disrupts the normal functioning of the stomach

Ex: upset was caused by eating too much rich food .
red zone
[Podstatné jméno]

an area with a high number of infected people where strict public health rules are applied to control the spread of infection

červená zóna, riziková zóna

červená zóna, riziková zóna

Ex: It 's essential to stay updated on the latest information red zones and adhere to recommended safety measures to protect yourself and others during a pandemic .
relapse
[Podstatné jméno]

‌the return of symptoms or a condition after a period of improvement or recovery

relaps, návrat příznaků

relaps, návrat příznaků

Ex: The athlete 's injury healed well initially , but unfortunately , there was relapse, and they had to undergo further treatment .
seizure
[Podstatné jméno]

a sudden and unexpected start or return of a medical problem

záchvat, epileptický záchvat

záchvat, epileptický záchvat

Ex: The family was given instructions on how to handle seizure episode at home .
shake
[Podstatné jméno]

involuntary, short movements in one or more parts of one's body in response to cold, fear, or excitement

záchvěv, třes

záchvěv, třes

sneeze
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of blowing air out of your nose and mouth in a forceful way

sneez, kýchání

sneez, kýchání

Ex: sneeze interrupted her while she was talking
cyst
[Podstatné jméno]

a growth with abnormal features that appears in the body and contains fluid

cysta, nádorová cysta

cysta, nádorová cysta

debility
[Podstatné jméno]

physical weakness that is caused by a disease or aging

slabost, oslabení

slabost, oslabení

Ex: The disease progressed , leading to debility and a decline in overall physical functioning .

a doctor's report stating that the patient is in good physical or mental health

Ex: US President Joe Biden got clean bill of health on Friday after a detailed physical examination .
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