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Salute e Malattia - Nomi generali relativi alla salute e alla malattia

Qui imparerai alcuni sostantivi inglesi generali relativi alla salute e alla malattia come "condizione", "epidemia" e "portatore".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
illness
[sostantivo]

the state of being physically or mentally sick

malattia

malattia

Ex: His sudden illness worried everyone in the office .La sua improvvisa **malattia** ha preoccupato tutti in ufficio.
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disease
[sostantivo]

an illness in a human, animal, or plant that affects health

malattia

malattia

Ex: The disease is spreading rapidly through the population .La **malattia** si sta diffondendo rapidamente tra la popolazione.
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sickness
[sostantivo]

the state of being unwell

malattia

malattia

Ex: The village experienced a wave of sickness last month .Il villaggio ha sperimentato un'ondata di **malattia** lo scorso mese.
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infection
[sostantivo]

the act in which a disease-causing organism, such as a virus or parasite, causes a particular illness

infezione

infezione

Ex: Hospitals take strict precautions to prevent infections from spreading among patients and staff .Gli ospedali adottano precauzioni rigorose per evitare che le **infezioni** si diffondano tra pazienti e personale.
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disorder
[sostantivo]

a disease or a medical condition that prevents a part of the body or mind from functioning normally

disordine

disordine

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complaint
[sostantivo]

a typically minor health issue or condition for which one seeks medical assistance

reclamo

reclamo

Ex: The most common complaint among the elderly population is arthritis-related pain .Il **disturbo** più comune tra la popolazione anziana è il dolore legato all'artrite.
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condition
[sostantivo]

a medical problem, such as a disorder, illness, etc.

condizione

condizione

Ex: Patients with the condition often report a variety of symptoms that can vary in severity .I pazienti con la **condizione** spesso riportano una varietà di sintomi che possono variare in gravità.
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epidemic
[sostantivo]

the rapid spread of an infectious disease within a specific population, community, or region, affecting a significant number of individuals at the same time

epidemia

epidemia

Ex: The epidemic put a strain on the healthcare system .L'**epidemia** ha messo a dura prova il sistema sanitario.
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contagion
[sostantivo]

any disease or virus that can be easily passed from one person to another

contagio

contagio

Ex: Despite their efforts , the contagion spread rapidly , leading to a significant increase in hospital admissions .Nonostante i loro sforzi, il **contagio** si è diffuso rapidamente, portando a un significativo aumento dei ricoveri ospedalieri.
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affliction
[sostantivo]

a state of pain or suffering due to a physical or mental condition

afflizione

afflizione

Ex: The affliction of migraines made it difficult for her to concentrate and disrupted her daily routine .**L'afflizione** delle emicranie le ha reso difficile concentrarsi e ha sconvolto la sua routine quotidiana.
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bug
[sostantivo]

a fairly mild yet infectious illness that is caused by a virus or bacteria

virus

virus

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burnout
[sostantivo]

a state of emotional, mental, and physical exhaustion caused by stress, overwork, or a lack of balance between work and personal life

esaurimento

esaurimento

Ex: Taking regular breaks and practicing self-care activities are essential strategies for preventing burnout in high-stress environments .Fare pause regolari e praticare attività di cura di sé sono strategie essenziali per prevenire il **burnout** in ambienti ad alto stress.
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indisposition
[sostantivo]

a mild state of being unwell, often leading to a temporary inability to perform one's usual activities

indisposizione, malessere

indisposizione, malessere

Ex: The athlete decided to withdraw from the competition due to an unexpected indisposition affecting their performance .L'atleta ha deciso di ritirarsi dalla competizione a causa di un'**indisposizione** inaspettata che ha influenzato la sua performance.
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infirmity
[sostantivo]

the state of being weak and unhealthy, especially due to old age or sickness

infermità

infermità

Ex: Age often brings with it various infirmities, making daily tasks more challenging .L'età spesso porta con sé varie **infermità**, rendendo le attività quotidiane più impegnative.
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insanity
[sostantivo]

a state of severe mental disorder affecting a person's ability to understand reality, think rationally, or behave in a socially acceptable manner

follia, alienazione mentale

follia, alienazione mentale

Ex: Legal standards often require a significant cognitive impairment for insanity.Gli standard legali spesso richiedono un significativo deterioramento cognitivo per l'**insania**.
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insufficiency
[sostantivo]

a bodily system or organ's failure to function in an effective or typical manner

insufficienza, malfunzionamento

insufficienza, malfunzionamento

Ex: Intestinal insufficiency compromises nutrient absorption in the digestive system .L'**insufficienza** intestinale compromette l'assorbimento dei nutrienti nel sistema digestivo.
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malaise
[sostantivo]

a feeling of being physically ill and irritated without knowing the reason

malessere

malessere

Ex: After recovering from the flu , he experienced lingering malaise, making it difficult to return to his normal routine .Dopo essersi ripreso dall'influenza, ha sperimentato un **malessere** persistente, rendendo difficile il ritorno alla sua routine normale.
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mental illness
[sostantivo]

conditions affecting how a person thinks, feels, behaves, or their mood, often needing medical or therapeutic help

malattia mentale

malattia mentale

Ex: Mental illness is not a personal failure but a health condition that deserves compassion .**La malattia mentale** non è un fallimento personale ma una condizione di salute che merita compassione.
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pandemic
[sostantivo]

a disease that spreads across a large region or even across the world

pandemia

pandemia

Ex: Pandemics can spread illness globally due to increased international travel and trade networks.Le **pandemie** possono diffondere malattie a livello globale a causa dell'aumento dei viaggi internazionali e delle reti commerciali.
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syndrome
[sostantivo]

a set of characteristics, behaviors, or qualities commonly observed in a specific situation or group of individuals

sindrome

sindrome

Ex: Individuals displaying the " me , me , me syndrome" often prioritize their own needs and desires above those of others , regardless of the impact on the collective well-being .Gli individui che mostrano il **sindrome** «io, io, io» spesso danno priorità ai propri bisogni e desideri rispetto a quelli degli altri, indipendentemente dall'impatto sul benessere collettivo.
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lump
[sostantivo]

a swollen area under the skin, usually caused by a sickness or injury

bernoccolo

bernoccolo

Ex: Depending on the cause , treatment for a lump may range from observation and monitoring to medical interventions such as antibiotics , surgery , or chemotherapy .A seconda della causa, il trattamento per un **nodulo** può variare dall'osservazione e monitoraggio a interventi medici come antibiotici, chirurgia o chemioterapia.
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cough
[sostantivo]

a condition or disease that makes one cough frequently

tosse

tosse

Ex: She developed a cough after being exposed to dust .Ha sviluppato una **tosse** dopo essere stata esposta alla polvere.
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trauma
[sostantivo]

damage inflicted on the body as a result of an external force or event

trauma

trauma

Ex: Victims of domestic violence often suffer from both physical and emotional trauma.Le vittime di violenza domestica spesso soffrono di **trauma** sia fisico che emotivo.
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injury
[sostantivo]

any physical damage to a part of the body caused by an accident or attack

ferita

ferita

Ex: The soldier received an award for bravery after an injury in battle .Il soldato ha ricevuto un premio per il coraggio dopo un **infortunio** in battaglia.
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incapacity
[sostantivo]

‌the state of being physically or mentally unable to do one's work or to manage one's affairs

incapacità

incapacità

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bout
[sostantivo]

a short period during which someone is suffering from an illness

attacco

attacco

Ex: A sudden bout of vertigo caused her to feel dizzy and disoriented , prompting her to sit down and rest .Un improvviso **attacco** di vertigini le ha fatto sentire capogiro e disorientata, spingendola a sedersi e riposare.
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carrier
[sostantivo]

a person or animal that carries a disease, without suffering from it themselves, and transmits to other people or animals

vettore

vettore

Ex: Genetic testing revealed that she was a carrier of a hereditary disease , which could potentially be passed on to her children .I test genetici hanno rivelato che era **portatrice** di una malattia ereditaria, che poteva potenzialmente essere trasmessa ai suoi figli.
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community spread
[sostantivo]

the outbreak of a contagious illness among the people of a particular region where the source of the infection is not easily traceable

diffusione della comunità

diffusione della comunità

Ex: Community spread of the disease indicates that the virus is widely circulating within the population , making containment more challenging .La **diffusione comunitaria** della malattia indica che il virus sta circolando ampiamente all'interno della popolazione, rendendo più difficile il contenimento.
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dehydration
[sostantivo]

a harmful state in which the body has lost a lot of water

disidratazione

disidratazione

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exacerbation
[sostantivo]

the act of aggravating a disease, pain, illness, etc.

esacerbazione

esacerbazione

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malady
[sostantivo]

any physical problem that might put one's health in danger

malattia

malattia

Ex: The medieval village was plagued by a malady that spread rapidly , causing widespread illness and death .Il villaggio medievale era afflitto da una **malattia** che si diffuse rapidamente, causando malattia diffusa e morte.
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nausea
[sostantivo]

the feeling of discomfort in the stomach, often with the urge to vomit

nausea

nausea

Ex: Nausea is a common side effect of chemotherapy treatment .La **nausea** è un effetto collaterale comune del trattamento chemioterapico.
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pain
[sostantivo]

the unpleasant feeling caused by an illness or injury

dolore

dolore

Ex: The pain from his sunburn made it hard to sleep .Il **dolore** della sua scottatura rendeva difficile dormire.
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pallor
[sostantivo]

the condition of having an unhealthy pale appearance as a result of illness, emotional distress, etc.

pallore

pallore

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pathogen
[sostantivo]

any organism that can cause diseases

patogeno

patogeno

Ex: The pathogen responsible for malaria is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito .Il **patogeno** responsabile della malaria viene trasmesso all'uomo attraverso la puntura di una zanzara infetta.
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patient zero
[sostantivo]

the first person known to have a certain disease, often seen as the starting point of an outbreak

paziente zero

paziente zero

Ex: By identifying patient zero early , authorities can implement effective containment measures to control the spread of the disease .Identificando **il paziente zero** precocemente, le autorità possono implementare misure di contenimento efficaci per controllare la diffusione della malattia.
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attack
[sostantivo]

a sudden, severe, and often brief appearance of a health problem that is hard to control

crisi, attacco

crisi, attacco

Ex: The allergy attack caused his throat to swell , making it difficult for him to breathe .**L'attacco** allergico ha causato il gonfiore della sua gola, rendendogli difficile la respirazione.
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emaciation
[sostantivo]

a state of extreme thinness and weakness, often due to illness, starvation, etc.

emaciazione

emaciazione

Ex: The severity of his emaciation was a clear sign of the neglect and abuse he had suffered .La gravità della sua **emaciazione** era un chiaro segno del neglecto e dell'abuso che aveva subito.
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agony
[sostantivo]

severe physical or mental pain

dolore estremo

dolore estremo

Ex: Patients with severe burns often experience excruciating agony during treatment .I pazienti con gravi ustioni spesso sperimentano un'**agonia** straziante durante il trattamento.
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coma
[sostantivo]

a state of deep unconsciousness, typically of a long duration and caused by a serious injury or severe illness

coma

coma

Ex: The medical team worked hard to determine the cause of his coma.La squadra medica ha lavorato duramente per determinare la causa del suo **coma**.
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superspreader
[sostantivo]

someone who spreads a contagious disease to a very large number of people

supercontagger

supercontagger

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symptom
[sostantivo]

a change in the normal condition of the body of a person, which is the sign of a disease

sintomo

sintomo

Ex: She visited the doctor because of severe headaches , a symptom she could n't ignore .Ha visitato il medico a causa di forti mal di testa, un **sintomo** che non poteva ignorare.
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unconsciousness
[sostantivo]

the state of not being awake or aware of one's surroundings

incoscienza

incoscienza

Ex: Unconsciousness can be a serious medical condition requiring immediate attention .**Incoscienza** può essere una condizione medica grave che richiede attenzione immediata.
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undernourishment
[sostantivo]

a condition in which individuals do not receive enough nutrients and calories, leading to various health problems such as stunted growth

denutrite

denutrite

Ex: Chronic undernourishment results in fatigue , weakness , and impaired cognitive function .La **denutrizione** cronica provoca affaticamento, debolezza e compromissione della funzione cognitiva.
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upset
[sostantivo]

a health problem that disrupts the normal functioning of the stomach

disagio

disagio

Ex: The upset was caused by eating too much rich food .Il **disturbo** è stato causato dal mangiare troppo cibo ricco.
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red zone
[sostantivo]

an area with a high number of infected people where strict public health rules are applied to control the spread of infection

zona rossa

zona rossa

Ex: It 's essential to stay updated on the latest information regarding red zones and adhere to recommended safety measures to protect yourself and others during a pandemic .È essenziale rimanere aggiornati sulle ultime informazioni riguardanti le **zone rosse** e aderire alle misure di sicurezza raccomandate per proteggere se stessi e gli altri durante una pandemia.
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relapse
[sostantivo]

‌the return of symptoms or a condition after a period of improvement or recovery

ricaduta

ricaduta

Ex: The athlete 's injury healed well initially , but unfortunately , there was a relapse, and they had to undergo further treatment .L'infortunio dell'atleta è guarito bene inizialmente, ma purtroppo c'è stata una **ricaduta**, e hanno dovuto sottoporsi a ulteriori trattamenti.
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seizure
[sostantivo]

a sudden and unexpected start or return of a medical problem

confisca

confisca

Ex: The family was given instructions on how to handle a seizure episode at home .Alla famiglia sono state date istruzioni su come gestire un episodio di **crisi** a casa.
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shake
[sostantivo]

involuntary, short movements in one or more parts of one's body in response to cold, fear, or excitement

scuotere

scuotere

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sneeze
[sostantivo]

the act of blowing air out of your nose and mouth in a forceful way

starnuto

starnuto

Ex: The sneeze interrupted her while she was talkingLo **starnuto** l'ha interrotta mentre parlava.
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cyst
[sostantivo]

a growth with abnormal features that appears in the body and contains fluid

cisti

cisti

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debility
[sostantivo]

physical weakness that is caused by a disease or aging

debolezza

debolezza

Ex: The disease progressed , leading to increasing debility and a decline in overall physical functioning .La malattia è progredita, portando a una crescente **debilità** e a un declino del funzionamento fisico generale.
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a doctor's report stating that the patient is in good physical or mental health

Ex: US President Joe Biden got clean bill of health on Friday after a detailed physical examination .
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Salute e Malattia
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