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Vocabulaire Essentiel pour le TOEFL - Maisons et Bâtiments

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais sur les maisons et les bâtiments, tels que "cave", "hangar", "béton", etc., qui sont nécessaires pour l'examen TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
mansion
mansion
[nom]

a very large and impressive house

manoir, belle demeure, maison de maître

manoir, belle demeure, maison de maître

Ex: They were invited to a gala event hosted at a historic mansion in the countryside. 

Ils ont été invités à un événement gala organisé dans un manoir historique à la campagne.

lighthouse

a large structure, such as a tower, placed near the coast and equipped with a powerful light that guides or warns the approaching ships

phare

phare

Ex: Standing tall on the rocky coastline, the lighthouse served as a beacon of hope for sailors. 

Se dressant fièrement sur la côte rocheuse, le phare servait de signal d'espoir pour les marins.

skyscraper

a modern building that is very tall, often built in a city

gratte-ciel

gratte-ciel

Ex: He works in a skyscraper located in the financial district. 

Il travaille dans un gratte-ciel situé dans le quartier financier.

warehouse

a large building where goods are stored before being sold, used, or distributed

entrepôt

entrepôt

Ex: Sarah works at a warehouse outside Chicago. 
shelter
shelter
[nom]

a building, structure, or covered place that provides protection from weather, danger, or harm

abri, refuge

abri, refuge

Ex: Residents hurried to the underground shelter when the warning siren sounded. 
cellar
cellar
[nom]

an underground storage space or room, typically found in a building, used for storing food, wine, or other items that require a cool and dark environment

cave

cave

Ex: The cellar was filled with dusty bottles and old wooden crates. 

La cave était remplie de bouteilles poussiéreuses et de vieilles caisses en bois.

landmark

a structure or a place that is historically important

monument

monument

Ex: The Colosseum in Rome, once used for gladiator contests, remains a significant landmark from ancient times. 

Le Colisée à Rome, autrefois utilisé pour les combats de gladiateurs, reste un monument important de l'Antiquité.

property

a building or the piece of land surrounding it, owned by individuals, businesses, or entities

propriété

propriété

Ex: Real estate agents help clients buy and sell residential and commercial properties. 
shed
shed
[nom]

a small simple building used for storing things, working in, or sheltering animals

abri de jardin, cabane, cabanon

abri de jardin, cabane, cabanon

Ex: Emma stored her bicycle in a small wooden shed. 
tomb
tomb
[nom]

an overground or underground grave that is large in size and is often made of stone

tombe

tombe

Ex: Historians studied the artifacts found in the tomb for clues about the past. 

Les historiens ont étudié les artefacts trouvés dans le tombeau pour trouver des indices sur le passé.

column
column
[nom]

a vertical structural element, often made of stone, that supports the weight of the building above it

colonne

colonne

Ex: The Roman architecture featured grand columns supporting large arches. 
structure

anything that is built from several parts, such as a house, bridge, etc.

immeuble, bâtiment

immeuble, bâtiment

Ex: Engineers design the structure of skyscrapers to withstand wind and seismic forces. 
renovation

the process or action of making a building or a piece of furniture look good again by repairing or painting it

rénovation

rénovation

to construct

to build a house, bridge, machine, etc.

construire

construire

Ex: The company is planning to construct a new office building to accommodate its growing workforce. 
concrete

a hard building material made by mixing cement, sand, small stones, and water

béton

béton

Ex: Emma noticed several cracks in the concrete. 
stairwell

the area of a property where the stairs are located

cage d'escalier

cage d'escalier

floor plan

the design of a building that depicts the shape, size, and positioning of rooms and furniture in a structure from above.

plan au sol

plan au sol

Ex: Before starting construction, the builder carefully reviewed the floor plan to ensure everything was in place. 

Avant de commencer la construction, le constructeur a soigneusement examiné le plan d'étage pour s'assurer que tout était en place.

exterior
exterior
[Adjectif]

located on the outer surface of a particular thing

extérieur

extérieur

Ex: The building’s exterior surfaces are designed to withstand extreme weather. 

Les surfaces extérieures du bâtiment sont conçues pour résister aux conditions météorologiques extrêmes.

interior
interior
[Adjectif]

located on the inside part of a particular thing

intérieur

intérieur

Ex: The interior cabin of the spacecraft was equipped with state-of-the-art technology for the astronauts' comfort and safety. 
rooftop
rooftop
[nom]

the external surface of a building roof

toit

toit

Ex: The rooftop garden provides fresh herbs and vegetables for the family. 

Le jardin sur le toit fournit des herbes fraîches et des légumes pour la famille.

chimney
chimney
[nom]

a channel or passage that lets the smoke from a fire pass through and get out from the roof of a building

cheminée

cheminée

Ex: The bird built a nest inside the chimney. 

L'oiseau a construit un nid à l'intérieur de la cheminée.

aisle
aisle
[nom]

a narrow passage in a theater, train, aircraft, etc. that separates rows of seats

allée, couloir

allée, couloir

Ex: In the theater, he found his seat by walking down the aisle and maneuvering past several rows of occupied seats. 

Dans le théâtre, il a trouvé son siège en descendant l'allée et en manœuvrant devant plusieurs rangées de sièges occupés.

decor
decor
[nom]

the way a room or building's interior is decorated

décoration

décoration

Ex: The hotel's elegant decor impressed all the guests. 

La décoration élégante de l'hôtel a impressionné tous les invités.

residential
residential
[Adjectif]

(of an area with buildings) designed specially for people to live in

résidentiel

résidentiel

Ex: The residential neighborhood is characterized by tree-lined streets and single-family homes. 

Le quartier résidentiel se caractérise par des rues bordées d'arbres et des maisons individuelles.

spacious
spacious
[Adjectif]

(of a room, house, etc.) large with a lot of space inside

spacieux

spacieux

Ex: They enjoyed cooking in the spacious kitchen, with plenty of room for multiple people to work. 

Ils aimaient cuisiner dans la cuisine spacieuse, avec beaucoup d'espace pour que plusieurs personnes puissent travailler.

vacant
vacant
[Adjectif]

(of a house, room, seat, etc.) empty or unoccupied and available to be used

libre, inoccupé

libre, inoccupé

Ex: She found a vacant seat near the window and settled in for the long train journey. 
abandoned
abandoned
[Adjectif]

(of a building, car, etc.) left and not needed or used anymore

abandonné

abandonné

Ex: They found an abandoned puppy on the street. 

Ils ont trouvé un chiot abandonné dans la rue.

drain
drain
[nom]

an opening in a sink, bathtub, or similar fixture through which water flows away

canalisation, tuyau d'évacuation

canalisation, tuyau d'évacuation

Ex: Daniel accidentally dropped his ring into the drain. 
to collapse

(of a construction) to fall down suddenly, particularly due to being damaged or weak

s’effondrer

s’effondrer

Ex: The bridge collapsed under the weight of the overloaded truck. 
decorator

a person who plans and designs the interior of spaces by selecting colors, furniture, fabrics, and other decorative elements

décorateur, décoratrice

décorateur, décoratrice

Ex: She consulted a decorator to select colors and furnishings for the office. 

Elle a consulté un décorateur pour sélectionner les couleurs et les meubles du bureau.

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