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托福必备词汇 - 房屋和建筑物

在这里您将学习托福考试所需的一些有关房屋和建筑物的英语单词,例如“cellar”、“shed”、“concrete”等。

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
mansion
[名词]

a very large and impressive house

豪宅, 大厦

豪宅, 大厦

Ex: He always dreamed of owning mansion with a grand staircase and a library .
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lighthouse
[名词]

a large structure, such as a tower, placed near the coast and equipped with a powerful light that guides or warns the approaching ships

灯塔, 航标灯

灯塔, 航标灯

Ex: The lighthouse keeper diligently maintained the beacon, ensuring it remained visible in all weather conditions.
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skyscraper
[名词]

a modern building that is very tall, often built in a city

摩天大楼, 高层建筑

摩天大楼, 高层建筑

Ex: skyscraper was built to withstand high winds and earthquakes .
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warehouse
[名词]

a large place in which raw materials or produced goods are stored before they are sold or distributed

仓库, 储藏室

仓库, 储藏室

Ex: Security measures in warehouse include surveillance cameras and restricted access to protect valuable merchandise .
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shelter
[名词]

a place or building that is meant to provide protection against danger or bad weather

庇护所, 避难所

庇护所, 避难所

Ex: The soldiers constructed shelter to rest for the night .
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cellar
[名词]

an underground storage space or room, typically found in a building, used for storing food, wine, or other items that require a cool and dark environment

地下室, 酒窖

地下室, 酒窖

Ex: The cellar had thick stone walls that kept it cool even in the summer .
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landmark
[名词]

a structure or a place that is historically important

地标, 历史遗迹

地标, 历史遗迹

Ex: In Washington , D.C. , the Lincoln Memorial serves as both a tribute to President Lincoln and a landmark of American history .
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property
[名词]

a building or the piece of land surrounding it, owned by individuals, businesses, or entities

房地产, 物业

房地产, 物业

Ex: The deed and title documents confirm ownership of property and its legal boundaries .
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shed
[名词]

a simple and small cottage-like building that is built to store things or shelter animals

小屋, 棚子

小屋, 棚子

Ex: She bought a shed to organize her gardening equipment and supplies .
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tomb
[名词]

an overground or underground grave that is large in size and is often made of stone

墓, 陵墓

墓, 陵墓

Ex: tomb was sealed to protect the remains inside from damage .
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column
[名词]

a vertical structural element, often made of stone, that supports the weight of the building above it

柱子, 立柱

柱子, 立柱

Ex: The museum 's entrance was framed by columns, adding to its grandeur .
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structure
[名词]

anything that is built from several parts, such as a house, bridge, etc.

结构, 建筑物

结构, 建筑物

Ex: The ancient Roman aqueduct is an structure that spans several kilometers .
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renovation
[名词]

the process or action of making a building or a piece of furniture look good again by repairing or painting it

翻新, 装修

翻新, 装修

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to construct
[动词]

to build a house, bridge, machine, etc.

建造, 构建

建造, 构建

Ex: To improve transportation , the city decided construct a new subway system .
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concrete
[名词]

a hard material used for building structures, made by mixing cement, water, sand, and small stones

混凝土, 水泥

混凝土, 水泥

Ex: The construction project involved a large amount concrete for various structures .
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stairwell
[名词]

the area of a property where the stairs are located

楼梯间, 楼道

楼梯间, 楼道

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floor plan
[名词]

the design of a building that depicts the shape, size, and positioning of rooms and furniture in a structure from above.

楼层平面图, 平面布置图

楼层平面图, 平面布置图

Ex: The real estate agent gave us a copy of floor plan to help us visualize the space .
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exterior
[形容词]

located on the outer surface of a particular thing

外部的, 外面的

外部的, 外面的

Ex: The carexterior paint had faded after years in the sun .
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interior
[形容词]

located on the inside part of a particular thing

内部的, 内侧的

内部的, 内侧的

Ex: They inspected interior compartments of the suitcase before packing .
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rooftop
[名词]

the external surface of a building roof

屋顶, 顶楼

屋顶, 顶楼

Ex: The buildingrooftop is equipped with solar panels to generate electricity .
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chimney
[名词]

a channel or passage that lets the smoke from a fire pass through and get out from the roof of a building

烟囱, 烟道

烟囱, 烟道

Ex: He saw the flames through chimney’s opening .
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aisle
[名词]

a narrow passage in a theater, train, aircraft, etc. that separates rows of seats

走道, 过道

走道, 过道

Ex: Please keep aisle clear for safety reasons .
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decor
[名词]

the way a room or building's interior is decorated

装饰, 室内装潢

装饰, 室内装潢

Ex: The decor in the children 's room made it fun and lively .
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residential
[形容词]

(of an area with buildings) designed specially for people to live in

住宅的, 居住区的

住宅的, 居住区的

Ex: The residential district is conveniently located near schools, parks, and shopping centers.
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spacious
[形容词]

(of a room, house, etc.) large with a lot of space inside

宽敞的, 宽裕的

宽敞的, 宽裕的

Ex: The conference room was spacious, able to host meetings with large groups of people.
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vacant
[形容词]

(of a house, room, seat, etc.) empty or unoccupied and available to be used

空置的, 空闲的

空置的, 空闲的

Ex: The vacant parking spaces quickly filled up when the event started.
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abandoned
[形容词]

(of a building, car, etc.) left and not needed or used anymore

被遗弃的, 废弃的

被遗弃的, 废弃的

Ex: The town became abandoned after the factory closed.
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drain
[名词]

a pipe in the bottom of a sink, bath, etc. through which dirty water flows out

排水管, 下水道

排水管, 下水道

Ex: The bathroom drain emitted a foul odor, indicating a buildup of organic matter in the pipes.
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to collapse
[动词]

(of a construction) to fall down suddenly, particularly due to being damaged or weak

倒塌, 崩塌

倒塌, 崩塌

Ex: The ancient collapsed under the weight of the snow .
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decorator
[名词]

someone whose job is to paint the inside walls of buildings and hang wallpaper

装饰工, 墙面装饰师

装饰工, 墙面装饰师

Ex: decorator's portfolio showcases a diverse range of residential and commercial projects .
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