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Kosakata Penting untuk TOEFL - Rumah dan Bangunan

Di sini Anda akan mempelajari beberapa kata dalam bahasa Inggris tentang rumah dan bangunan, seperti "ruang bawah tanah", "gudang", "beton", dll. yang dibutuhkan untuk ujian TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
mansion
mansion
[Kata benda]

a very large and impressive house

rumah besar, istana

rumah besar, istana

Ex: The mansion has ten bedrooms, a swimming pool, and a large garden. 

Rumah besar itu memiliki sepuluh kamar tidur, kolam renang, dan taman yang luas.

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lighthouse
lighthouse
[Kata benda]

a large structure, such as a tower, placed near the coast and equipped with a powerful light that guides or warns the approaching ships

mercusuar, menara suar

mercusuar, menara suar

Ex: As dusk fell, the lighthouse began to glow, casting its light across the darkening ocean. 

Saat senja tiba, mercusuar mulai bersinar, memancarkan cahayanya di atas lautan yang semakin gelap.

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skyscraper
skyscraper
[Kata benda]

a modern building that is very tall, often built in a city

pencakar langit, menara

pencakar langit, menara

Ex: The architect designed a futuristic skyscraper with glass facades. 

Arsitek merancang pencakar langit futuristik dengan fasad kaca.

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warehouse
warehouse
[Kata benda]

a large place in which raw materials or produced goods are stored before they are sold or distributed

gudang, penyimpanan

gudang, penyimpanan

Ex: Automated robots now navigate the warehouse, significantly speeding up the process of sorting and retrieving items. 

Robot otomatis sekarang menavigasi gudang, secara signifikan mempercepat proses penyortiran dan pengambilan barang.

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shelter
shelter
[Kata benda]

a structure offering protection and privacy from danger

tempat berlindung, perlindungan

tempat berlindung, perlindungan

Ex: Soldiers constructed a temporary shelter for the night. 

Para prajurit membangun tempat berlindung sementara untuk malam hari.

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cellar
cellar
[Kata benda]

an underground storage space or room, typically found in a building, used for storing food, wine, or other items that require a cool and dark environment

ruang bawah tanah, gudang bawah tanah

ruang bawah tanah, gudang bawah tanah

Ex: She found a hidden door in the kitchen that led down to the cellar. 

Dia menemukan pintu tersembunyi di dapur yang menuju ke bawah ke ruang bawah tanah.

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landmark
landmark
[Kata benda]

a structure or a place that is historically important

tengara, situs bersejarah

tengara, situs bersejarah

Ex: Visitors flock to the Acropolis in Athens to admire the ancient temples and absorb its historical significance. 

Pengunjung berduyun-duyun ke Acropolis di Athena untuk mengagumi kuil-kuil kuno dan menyerap makna sejarahnya.

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property
property
[Kata benda]

a building or the piece of land surrounding it, owned by individuals, businesses, or entities

properti,  real estat

properti, real estat

Ex: He invested in rental properties as a source of passive income. 

Dia berinvestasi di properti sewaan sebagai sumber pendapatan pasif.

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shed
shed
[Kata benda]

a simple and small cottage-like building that is built to store things or shelter animals

gudang, kandang

gudang, kandang

Ex: The children turned the old shed into a cozy clubhouse for their games. 

Anak-anak mengubah gudang tua menjadi rumah klub yang nyaman untuk permainan mereka.

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tomb
tomb
[Kata benda]

an overground or underground grave that is large in size and is often made of stone

makam, kuburan

makam, kuburan

Ex: They placed flowers at the entrance of the tomb to honor their loved one. 

Mereka menempatkan bunga di pintu masuk makam untuk menghormati orang yang mereka cintai.

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column
column
[Kata benda]

a vertical structural element, often made of stone, that supports the weight of the building above it

kolom, tiang

kolom, tiang

Ex: The interior of the cathedral was adorned with ornate columns carved from marble. 

Bagian dalam katedral dihiasi dengan tiang-tiang hias yang diukir dari marmer.

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structure
structure
[Kata benda]

anything that is built from several parts, such as a house, bridge, etc.

struktur,  bangunan

struktur, bangunan

Ex: A beehive is a remarkable natural structure created by bees. 

Sarang lebah adalah struktur alami yang luar biasa yang dibuat oleh lebah.

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renovation
renovation
[Kata benda]

the process or action of making a building or a piece of furniture look good again by repairing or painting it

renovasi, pemugaran

renovasi, pemugaran

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to construct
to construct
[kata kerja]

to build a house, bridge, machine, etc.

membangun, mendirikan

membangun, mendirikan

Ex: Skilled carpenters were hired to construct custom-made furniture for the luxury hotel. 

Tukang kayu yang terampil dipekerjakan untuk membangun furnitur khusus untuk hotel mewah.

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concrete
concrete
[Kata benda]

a hard material used for building structures, made by mixing cement, water, sand, and small stones

beton

beton

Ex: She designed a beautiful patio using colored concrete for an attractive finish. 

Dia merancang teras yang indah menggunakan beton berwarna untuk hasil akhir yang menarik.

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stairwell
stairwell
[Kata benda]

the area of a property where the stairs are located

ruang tangga, area tangga

ruang tangga, area tangga

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floor plan
floor plan
[Kata benda]

the design of a building that depicts the shape, size, and positioning of rooms and furniture in a structure from above.

denah lantai, rencana lantai

denah lantai, rencana lantai

Ex: She made changes to the floor plan, adding an extra bedroom to accommodate her growing family. 

Dia melakukan perubahan pada denah lantai, menambahkan kamar tidur ekstra untuk menampung keluarganya yang bertambah.

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exterior
exterior
[Adjektiva]

located on the outer surface of a particular thing

eksterior

eksterior

Ex: She admired the intricate designs on the cathedral’s exterior façade. 

Dia mengagumi desain rumit di fasad eksterior katedral.

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interior
interior
[Adjektiva]

located on the inside part of a particular thing

interior, dalam

interior, dalam

Ex: The interior lining of the jacket provides extra warmth in cold weather. 

Lapisan dalam jaket memberikan kehangatan ekstra di cuaca dingin.

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rooftop
rooftop
[Kata benda]

the external surface of a building roof

atap, dak

atap, dak

Ex: The hotel has a rooftop pool with panoramic views of the sea. 

Hotel ini memiliki kolam renang di atap dengan pemandangan laut yang panoramik.

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chimney
chimney
[Kata benda]

a channel or passage that lets the smoke from a fire pass through and get out from the roof of a building

cerobong, saluran asap

cerobong, saluran asap

Ex: Santa Claus is often imagined coming down the chimney. 

Sinterklas sering dibayangkan turun melalui cerobong asap.

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aisle
aisle
[Kata benda]

a narrow passage in a theater, train, aircraft, etc. that separates rows of seats

lorong, jalan setapak

lorong, jalan setapak

Ex: The train conductor moved up and down the aisle, checking tickets and assisting passengers with their luggage. 

Kondektur kereta bergerak naik turun di lorong, memeriksa tiket dan membantu penumpang dengan barang bawaan mereka.

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decor
decor
[Kata benda]

the way a room or building's interior is decorated

dekorasi, hiasan

dekorasi, hiasan

Ex: She admired the modern decor of the new office building. 

Dia mengagumi dekorasi modern gedung kantor baru.

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residential
residential
[Adjektiva]

(of an area with buildings) designed specially for people to live in

perumahan,  residensial

perumahan, residensial

Ex: Residential leases often include clauses outlining tenant responsibilities for property maintenance. 

Sewa perumahan sering kali mencakup klausa yang menguraikan tanggung jawab penyewa untuk pemeliharaan properti.

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spacious
spacious
[Adjektiva]

(of a room, house, etc.) large with a lot of space inside

lapang, luas

lapang, luas

Ex: The hotel suite was spacious, with separate areas for sleeping, lounging, and dining. 

Suite hotel itu luas, dengan area terpisah untuk tidur, bersantai, dan makan.

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vacant
vacant
[Adjektiva]

(of a house, room, seat, etc.) empty or unoccupied and available to be used

kosong, tidak terisi

kosong, tidak terisi

Ex: The vacant house at the end of the street had been abandoned for years. 
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abandoned
abandoned
[Adjektiva]

(of a building, car, etc.) left and not needed or used anymore

terbengkalai, ditinggalkan

terbengkalai, ditinggalkan

Ex: The abandoned ship drifted aimlessly at sea. 

Kapal terbengkalai itu hanyut tanpa arah di laut.

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drain
drain
[Kata benda]

a pipe in the bottom of a sink, bath, etc. through which dirty water flows out

pembuangan,  saluran pembuangan

pembuangan, saluran pembuangan

Ex: Residents were advised to avoid pouring grease down the drain to prevent clogs in the plumbing system. 

Para penduduk disarankan untuk menghindari menuangkan minyak ke saluran pembuangan untuk mencegah penyumbatan dalam sistem pipa.

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to collapse
to collapse
[kata kerja]

(of a construction) to fall down suddenly, particularly due to being damaged or weak

runtuh, ambruk

runtuh, ambruk

Ex: The roof collapsed during the storm due to the heavy snow accumulation. 

Atap runtuh selama badai karena akumulasi salju yang berat.

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decorator
decorator
[Kata benda]

a person who plans and designs the interior of spaces by selecting colors, furniture, fabrics, and other decorative elements

dekorator, desainer interior

dekorator, desainer interior

Ex: The decorator arranged the furniture to maximize space and light. 

Dekorator mengatur furnitur untuk memaksimalkan ruang dan cahaya.

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