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Podstawowe Słownictwo do TOEFL - Domy i Budynki

Tutaj nauczysz się niektórych angielskich słów dotyczących domów i budynków, takich jak "piwnica", "szopa", "beton" itp., które są potrzebne do egzaminu TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
mansion
mansion
[Rzeczownik]

a very large and impressive house

rezydencja, pałac

rezydencja, pałac

Ex: The billionaire lives in a luxurious mansion overlooking the ocean. 
lighthouse
lighthouse
[Rzeczownik]

a large structure, such as a tower, placed near the coast and equipped with a powerful light that guides or warns the approaching ships

latarnia morska, wieża sygnałowa

latarnia morska, wieża sygnałowa

Ex: The old lighthouse guided ships safely through the treacherous waters of the harbor. 
skyscraper
skyscraper
[Rzeczownik]

a modern building that is very tall, often built in a city

wieżowiec, wieża

wieżowiec, wieża

Ex: The city skyline is dominated by a new skyscraper that towers over all the other buildings. 
warehouse
warehouse
[Rzeczownik]

a large place in which raw materials or produced goods are stored before they are sold or distributed

magazyn, skład

magazyn, skład

Ex: The company rented a warehouse to store their excess inventory during peak production seasons. 
shelter
shelter
[Rzeczownik]

a structure offering protection and privacy from danger

schronienie, schron

schronienie, schron

Ex: The hikers found a shelter in the forest during the storm. 
cellar
cellar
[Rzeczownik]

an underground storage space or room, typically found in a building, used for storing food, wine, or other items that require a cool and dark environment

piwnica, sklep

piwnica, sklep

Ex: They use the cellar to store homemade preserves and pickles. 
landmark
landmark
[Rzeczownik]

a structure or a place that is historically important

zabytek, historyczny punkt orientacyjny

zabytek, historyczny punkt orientacyjny

Ex: The Great Wall of China is a remarkable landmark that stretches across thousands of miles and has stood for centuries. 
property
property
[Rzeczownik]

a building or the piece of land surrounding it, owned by individuals, businesses, or entities

własność,  nieruchomość

własność, nieruchomość

Ex: They inherited a large property with acres of farmland and a historic farmhouse. 
shed
shed
[Rzeczownik]

a simple and small cottage-like building that is built to store things or shelter animals

szopa, wiatrak

szopa, wiatrak

Ex: The tools were neatly arranged inside the garden shed behind the house. 
tomb
tomb
[Rzeczownik]

an overground or underground grave that is large in size and is often made of stone

grób, grobowiec

grób, grobowiec

Ex: They placed flowers at the entrance of the tomb to honor their loved one. 
column
column
[Rzeczownik]

a vertical structural element, often made of stone, that supports the weight of the building above it

kolumna, filar

kolumna, filar

Ex: The ancient Greek temples are known for their majestic columns. 
structure
structure
[Rzeczownik]

anything that is built from several parts, such as a house, bridge, etc.

struktura,  budowla

struktura, budowla

Ex: The Eiffel Tower in Paris is an iconic structure made of iron lattice. 
renovation
renovation
[Rzeczownik]

the process or action of making a building or a piece of furniture look good again by repairing or painting it

renowacja, remont

renowacja, remont

to construct
to construct
[Czasownik]

to build a house, bridge, machine, etc.

budować, wznosić

budować, wznosić

Ex: Engineers and construction workers collaborated to construct a sturdy and safe bridge. 
concrete
concrete
[Rzeczownik]

a hard material used for building structures, made by mixing cement, water, sand, and small stones

beton

beton

Ex: The workers poured concrete to create a sturdy foundation for the house. 
stairwell
stairwell
[Rzeczownik]

the area of a property where the stairs are located

klatka schodowa, przestrzeń schodów

klatka schodowa, przestrzeń schodów

floor plan
floor plan
[Rzeczownik]

the design of a building that depicts the shape, size, and positioning of rooms and furniture in a structure from above.

plan piętra, rozmieszczenie pomieszczeń

plan piętra, rozmieszczenie pomieszczeń

Ex: The architect presented the floor plan for the new office building during the meeting. 
exterior
exterior
[przymiotnik]

located on the outer surface of a particular thing

zewnętrzny

zewnętrzny

Ex: They decided to repaint the exterior walls of the house to refresh its look. 
interior
interior
[przymiotnik]

located on the inside part of a particular thing

wewnętrzny, interiorowy

wewnętrzny, interiorowy

Ex: The interior walls of the house were painted in calming shades of blue and gray. 
rooftop
rooftop
[Rzeczownik]

the external surface of a building roof

dach, taras na dachu

dach, taras na dachu

Ex: They had dinner on the rooftop, enjoying the city's skyline at night. 
chimney
chimney
[Rzeczownik]

a channel or passage that lets the smoke from a fire pass through and get out from the roof of a building

komin, przewód kominowy

komin, przewód kominowy

Ex: Smoke rose from the chimney on the cold winter morning. 
aisle
aisle
[Rzeczownik]

a narrow passage in a theater, train, aircraft, etc. that separates rows of seats

przejście, nawa

przejście, nawa

Ex: The flight attendant walked down the aisle of the airplane, serving refreshments to the passengers seated on either side. 
decor
decor
[Rzeczownik]

the way a room or building's interior is decorated

dekoracja, wystrój

dekoracja, wystrój

Ex: The restaurant's vintage decor created a cozy and nostalgic atmosphere. 
residential
residential
[przymiotnik]

(of an area with buildings) designed specially for people to live in

mieszkaniowy,  rezydencjalny

mieszkaniowy, rezydencjalny

Ex: The city zoning regulations prohibit commercial activities in residential areas. 
spacious
spacious
[przymiotnik]

(of a room, house, etc.) large with a lot of space inside

przestronny, obszerny

przestronny, obszerny

Ex: The spacious living room had high ceilings and ample natural light. 
vacant
vacant
[przymiotnik]

(of a house, room, seat, etc.) empty or unoccupied and available to be used

wolny, niezajęty

wolny, niezajęty

Ex: The vacant house at the end of the street had been abandoned for years. 
abandoned
abandoned
[przymiotnik]

(of a building, car, etc.) left and not needed or used anymore

opuszczony, porzucony

opuszczony, porzucony

Ex: The abandoned house was falling apart. 
drain
drain
[Rzeczownik]

a pipe in the bottom of a sink, bath, etc. through which dirty water flows out

odpływ,  drenaż

odpływ, drenaż

Ex: The plumber unclogged the drain in the kitchen sink, allowing water to flow freely again. 
to collapse
to collapse
[Czasownik]

(of a construction) to fall down suddenly, particularly due to being damaged or weak

zawalić się, runąć

zawalić się, runąć

Ex: The old building collapsed after years of neglect and structural decay. 
decorator
decorator
[Rzeczownik]

a person who plans and designs the interior of spaces by selecting colors, furniture, fabrics, and other decorative elements

dekorator, projektant wnętrz

dekorator, projektant wnętrz

Ex: The decorator chose a modern theme for the living room. 
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