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Vocabulaire Essentiel pour le TOEFL - Mode du Commerce

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais sur le monde des affaires, tels que "agence", "industrie", "entreprise", etc., qui sont nécessaires pour l'examen TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
human capital

the collective skills, knowledge, and abilities of individuals viewed as economic assets

capital humain

capital humain

Ex: Human capital is often considered a firm's most valuable resource. 
marketplace

the physical or virtual space where goods, services, and commodities are bought, sold, or exchanged, often involving various sellers and buyers

marché

marché

Ex: Technology has revolutionized the way businesses engage in the global marketplace. 

La technologie a révolutionné la façon dont les entreprises interagissent sur le marché mondial.

commerce

the activity of buying and selling goods and services, especially on a large scale

commerce

commerce

Ex: The city became an important center of commerce. 
agency
agency
[nom]

a business or organization that provides services to other parties, especially by representing them in transactions

agence

agence

Ex: An employment agency connects job seekers with potential employers. 
commercial
commercial
[Adjectif]

related to the purchasing and selling of different goods and services

commercial

commercial

Ex: The city is known for its bustling commercial district. 
industry

all of the activities, companies, and people that are involved in providing a service or producing goods

industrie

industrie

Ex: She works in the automotive industry as a production manager. 
enterprise

a company

enterprise

enterprise

Ex: She decided to start her own enterprise after gaining experience working for other companies. 
corporation

a company or group of people that are considered as a single unit by law

société

société

Ex: As a legal entity, the corporation can enter into contracts and own property. 
human resources

(in an organization, company, etc.) a department that is in charge of hiring new employees and training them

direction des ressources humaines, service des ressources humaines

direction des ressources humaines, service des ressources humaines

Ex: Human resources handled the onboarding process for new hires. 

Les ressources humaines ont géré le processus d'intégration des nouvelles recrues.

corporate
corporate
[Adjectif]

involving a large company

d'entreprise

d'entreprise

Ex: She attended a corporate event to network with other professionals in her field. 
start-up

a newly established company or business venture, typically characterized by its innovative approach, early-stage development, and a focus on growth

start-up

start-up

Ex: The start-up quickly attracted investors. 
headquarters

the place where the main offices of a large company or organization are located

siège

siège

Ex: She works at the headquarters of a multinational corporation. 

Elle travaille au siège social d'une entreprise multinationale.

franchise

a commercial enterprise that functions under an agreement, using the branding, systems, and products of an established company

franchise

franchise

Ex: The franchise employs over 30 staff and serves hundreds of customers daily. 
venture
venture
[nom]

a business activity that is mostly very risky

entreprise risquée, entreprise hasardeuse, aventure

entreprise risquée, entreprise hasardeuse, aventure

Ex: The venture into international markets proved challenging. 
strategy

an organized plan made to achieve a goal

stratégie

stratégie

Ex: The coach discussed a new strategy before the match. 
to manufacture

to produce goods in large quantities, especially in a factory using machinery

fabriquer

fabriquer

Ex: These parts are manufactured using automated machinery. 
machinery

machines, especially large or complex ones, considered collectively

machinerie, machines

machinerie, machines

Ex: Farmers use heavy machinery to harvest the crops. 
workshop

a building or room in which particular goods are made or fixed by different means

atelier

atelier

Ex: The automotive workshop specializes in repairing cars and trucks. 
profit margin

the difference between the earnings and the costs in a business

taux de marge, marge bénéficiaire

taux de marge, marge bénéficiaire

Ex: A higher profit margin allows businesses to reinvest in growth initiatives and reward shareholders with dividends. 

Une marge bénéficiaire plus élevée permet aux entreprises de réinvestir dans des initiatives de croissance et de récompenser les actionnaires avec des dividendes.

earnings

(always plural) money received for work done or services provided

rendement, profit

rendement, profit

Ex: She used her annual earnings to save for a down payment on a house. 
shareholder

an individual or entity that owns shares of stock in a corporation

actionnaire

actionnaire

Ex: Each shareholder received a dividend payment based on the number of shares held. 
representative

an advocate or agent promoting another's policy or purpose

représentant, représentante

représentant, représentante

Ex: He is a representative of environmental interests. 
to sponsor
to sponsor
[verbe]

to provide money for a person, activity, event, or project, often in return for publicity or advertising

patronner, parrainer

patronner, parrainer

Ex: The company sponsors a professional cycling team. 
merger
merger
[nom]

the joining of two or more companies or organizations to form a single larger organization

fusion

fusion

Ex: Shareholders approved the proposed merger between the two companies. 
association

an organization of people who have a common purpose

association, club, groupe

association, club, groupe

Ex: Many professionals join an association to network and share knowledge. 
administration

the process and activities required to control and manage an organization

administration, gérance, gestion

administration, gérance, gestion

Ex: Proper administration of the vaccine requires trained healthcare professionals. 
administrative
administrative
[Adjectif]

related to the management and organization of tasks, processes, or resources within an organization or system

administratif

administratif

Ex: Her administrative duties include scheduling appointments and managing correspondence. 
executive
executive
[Adjectif]

having the authority to implement laws, policies, and decisions

exécutif

exécutif

Ex: She holds executive power to approve or veto legislative proposals. 
marketing

the act or process of selling or advertising a product or service, usually including market research

marketing

marketing

Ex: The company invested heavily in digital marketing. 
branding

the promotion of a product or company through advertising and distinctive visual identity

publicité, promotion

publicité, promotion

Ex: She led the branding campaign for the new beverage line. 
promotion

the activity of drawing public attention to a service or product in order to help it sell more

promotion

promotion

Ex: He was thrilled to learn that he had been offered a promotion to manager of his department. 
to publicize

to dispose information about something, so that it publicly known

parler de, rapporter

parler de, rapporter

Ex: She publicized the workshop to reach more potential participants. 

Elle a publicisé l'atelier pour atteindre plus de participants potentiels.

to launch
to launch
[verbe]

to make a new product or provide a new service and introduce it to the public

lancer

lancer

Ex: The startup launched their innovative app to a global audience. 
distribution

the process of supplying shops and other businesses with products to be sold

distribution

distribution

Ex: Efficient distribution is key to meeting customer demand in retail. 
to chair
to chair
[verbe]

to lead a committee or meeting

présider

présider

Ex: The experienced professor will chair the academic committee, overseeing curriculum decisions. 
chief technology officer

a person of senior rank in charge of a company's technological matters

directeur de la technologie, directeur technique

directeur de la technologie, directeur technique

Ex: As the CTO, he leads a team of engineers and developers in creating cutting-edge software solutions. 

En tant que directeur technique, il dirige une équipe d'ingénieurs et de développeurs dans la création de solutions logicielles de pointe.

entrepreneur

a person who starts a business, especially one who takes financial risks

entrepreneur

entrepreneur

Ex: The entrepreneur’s innovative ideas revolutionized the industry. 

Les idées innovantes de l'entrepreneur ont révolutionné l'industrie.

merchant

a person or business that buys and sells goods, especially in large quantities, for profit

négociant, commerçant, grossiste

négociant, commerçant, grossiste

Ex: Her family has worked as grain merchants for generations. 
chief financial officer

a person of the highest authority over a company's financial matters

directeur financier, directrice financière

directeur financier, directrice financière

Ex: She was promoted to chief financial officer after demonstrating exceptional financial acumen and leadership skills. 

Elle a été promue directrice financière après avoir fait preuve d'une acuité financière exceptionnelle et de compétences en leadership.

chief executive officer

the highest-ranking person in a company

PDG

PDG

Ex: She became the youngest CEO in the organization's history. 

Elle est devenue la plus jeune directrice générale de l'histoire de l'organisation.

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