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Vocabular Esențial pentru TOEFL - Lumea Afacerilor

Aici vei învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză despre lumea afacerilor, cum ar fi "agenție", "industrie", "afacere" etc., care sunt necesare pentru examenul TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
human capital
human capital
[substantiv]

one person or a group of people's abilities and strengths, looked at as valuable assets

capital uman, resurse umane

capital uman, resurse umane

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marketplace
marketplace
[substantiv]

the physical or virtual space where goods, services, and commodities are bought, sold, or exchanged, often involving various sellers and buyers

piață, piață online

piață, piață online

Ex: The online marketplace allows customers to shop from a wide variety of sellers. 
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commerce
commerce
[substantiv]

the act of buying and selling goods and services, particularly between countries

comerț

comerț

Ex: International commerce plays a vital role in global economic development, facilitating trade between nations. 
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agency
agency
[substantiv]

a business or organization that provides services to other parties, especially by representing them in transactions

agenție, birou

agenție, birou

Ex: A real estate agency helps facilitate transactions between property buyers and sellers. 
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commercial
commercial
[adjectiv]

related to the purchasing and selling of different goods and services

comercial

comercial

Ex: Commercial transactions involve the exchange of goods or services for money. 
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industry
industry
[substantiv]

all of the activities, companies, and people that are involved in providing a service or producing goods

industrie, sector

industrie, sector

Ex: The fashion industry is constantly evolving with new trends. 
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enterprise
enterprise
[substantiv]

a company

întreprindere, companie

întreprindere, companie

Ex: The family-owned enterprise has been in operation for over three generations. 
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corporation
corporation
[substantiv]

a company or group of people that are considered as a single unit by law

corporatie, companie

corporatie, companie

Ex: The corporation expanded its operations into international markets last year. 
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human resources
human resources
[substantiv]

(in an organization, company, etc.) a department that is in charge of hiring new employees and training them

resurse umane, departamentul de personal

resurse umane, departamentul de personal

Ex: She applied for a job in the human resources. 
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corporate
corporate
[adjectiv]

involving a large company

corporativ, de companie

corporativ, de companie

Ex: The corporate headquarters of the company are located in New York City. 
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start-up
start-up
[substantiv]

a newly established company or business venture, typically characterized by its innovative approach, early-stage development, and a focus on growth

start-up, companie nou înființată

start-up, companie nou înființată

Ex: He launched a tech start-up with his friends. 
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headquarters
headquarters
[substantiv]

the place where the main offices of a large company or organization are located

sediu central, cartier general

sediu central, cartier general

Ex: The company's headquarters are located in downtown New York City. 
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franchise
franchise
[substantiv]

a commercial enterprise that functions under an agreement, using the branding, systems, and products of an established company

franciză, concesiune

franciză, concesiune

Ex: He opened a franchise of a well-known pizza chain downtown. 
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venture
venture
[substantiv]

a business activity that is mostly very risky

afacere, proiect

afacere, proiect

Ex: They started a new venture in the tech industry, knowing the risks. 
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strategy
strategy
[substantiv]

an organized plan made to achieve a goal

strategie, plan

strategie, plan

Ex: Their marketing strategy increased sales last year. 
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to manufacture

to produce products in large quantities by using machinery

fabrica, produce

fabrica, produce

Ex: The company manufactures electronic devices, such as smartphones and tablets. 
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machinery
machinery
[substantiv]

machines, especially large ones, considered collectively

mașinării, echipamente industriale

mașinării, echipamente industriale

Ex: The factory was filled with heavy machinery, each performing a specific function in the production line. 
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workshop
workshop
[substantiv]

a building or room in which particular goods are made or fixed by different means

atelier, workshop

atelier, workshop

Ex: The carpentry workshop is equipped with saws, drills, and sanders for making wooden furniture. 
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profit margin
profit margin
[substantiv]

the difference between the earnings and the costs in a business

marja de profit, marja de beneficiu

marja de profit, marja de beneficiu

Ex: The company's profit margin increased significantly after implementing cost-saving measures and streamlining operations. 
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earnings
earnings
[substantiv]

(always plural) money received for work done or services provided

câștiguri, venituri

câștiguri, venituri

Ex: The company reported higher-than-expected earnings for the quarter, boosting investor confidence. 
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shareholder
shareholder
[substantiv]

a natural or legal person that owns at least one share in a company

acționar, deținător de acțiuni

acționar, deținător de acțiuni

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representative
representative
[substantiv]

an advocate or agent promoting another's policy or purpose

reprezentant, mandatar

reprezentant, mandatar

Ex: The lobbyist acted as a representative of the corporation. 
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to sponsor

to cover the costs of a project, TV or radio program, activity, etc., often in exchange for advertising

sponsoriza, finanța

sponsoriza, finanța

Ex: The company sponsored the local sports team, contributing to their uniforms and equipment. 
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merger
merger
[substantiv]

the joining of two companies or organizations together to form a larger one

fuziune, unire

fuziune, unire

Ex: The merger between the two leading airlines created one of the largest aviation companies in the world. 
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association
association
[substantiv]

an organization of people who have a common purpose

asociație, organizație

asociație, organizație

Ex: The local book association hosts monthly meetings at the community center. 
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administration
administration
[substantiv]

the process and activities required to control and manage an organization

administrare,  gestionare

administrare, gestionare

Ex: The nurse is responsible for the administration of medications at the correct times. 
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administrative
administrative
[adjectiv]

related to the management and organization of tasks, processes, or resources within an organization or system

administrativ

administrativ

Ex: The administrative staff handles day-to-day operations in the office. 
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executive
executive
[adjectiv]

using or having the power to decide on important matters, plans, etc. or to implement them

executiv, directorial

executiv, directorial

Ex: The executive order was issued by the president to enforce the new policy. 
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marketing
marketing
[substantiv]

the act or process of selling or advertising a product or service, usually including market research

marketing, vânzare

marketing, vânzare

Ex: Successful marketing requires understanding customer needs. 
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branding
branding
[substantiv]

the promotion of a particular product or company by means of advertising and distinctive design

marcă, imaginea mărcii

marcă, imaginea mărcii

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promotion
promotion
[substantiv]

the activity of drawing public attention to a service or product in order to help it sell more

promovare,  publicitate

promovare, publicitate

Ex: The store is running a promotion this weekend, offering discounts on selected items. 
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to publicize

to dispose information about something, so that it publicly known

publica, face cunoscut publicului

publica, face cunoscut publicului

Ex: The team publicized their achievements to gain more recognition. 
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to launch
to launch
[verb]

to make a new product or provide a new service and introduce it to the public

lansa, introduce

lansa, introduce

Ex: The company will launch its new smartphone next week. 
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distribution
distribution
[substantiv]

the process of supplying shops and other businesses with products to be sold

distribuție

distribuție

Ex: The company improved its distribution network to ensure products reach stores faster. 
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to chair
to chair
[verb]

to lead a committee or meeting

președinte, conduce

președinte, conduce

Ex: She regularly chairs the weekly team meetings, ensuring all agenda items are addressed. 
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chief technology officer

a person of senior rank in charge of a company's technological matters

director tehnic, director de tehnologie

director tehnic, director de tehnologie

Ex: The chief technology officer is responsible for overseeing the company's technological strategy and innovation. 
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entrepreneur
entrepreneur
[substantiv]

a person who starts a business, especially one who takes financial risks

antreprenor

antreprenor

Ex: As an entrepreneur, she started her own tech company with just a small investment. 
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merchant
merchant
[substantiv]

someone who buys and sells goods wholesale

negustor, comerciant

negustor, comerciant

Ex: The merchant traveled across the seas to trade spices and silk with distant lands. 
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chief financial officer

a person of the highest authority over a company's financial matters

director financiar, șef finanțe

director financiar, șef finanțe

Ex: The chief financial officer presented the quarterly financial report to the board of directors. 
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chief executive officer

the highest-ranking person in a company

director general, președinte executiv

director general, președinte executiv

Ex: The CEO announced a new strategy for the company. 
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