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Mahalagang Bokabularyo para sa TOEFL - Ang Mundo ng Negosyo

Dito matututo ka ng ilang mga salitang Ingles tungkol sa mundo ng negosyo, tulad ng "agency", "industry", "venture", atbp. na kailangan para sa pagsusulit na TOEFL.

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Flashcards

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Pagsusulit

Simulan ang pag-aaral
Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
human capital
human capital
[Pangngalan]

one person or a group of people's abilities and strengths, looked at as valuable assets

kapital ng tao, yamang tao

kapital ng tao, yamang tao

Ex: The company invested in training to increase its human capital. 
marketplace
marketplace
[Pangngalan]

the physical or virtual space where goods, services, and commodities are bought, sold, or exchanged, often involving various sellers and buyers

pamilihan, merkado

pamilihan, merkado

Ex: The online marketplace allows customers to shop from a wide variety of sellers. 

Ang online marketplace ay nagbibigay-daan sa mga customer na mamili mula sa iba't ibang mga nagbebenta.

commerce
commerce
[Pangngalan]

the act of buying and selling goods and services, particularly between countries

kalakalan

kalakalan

Ex: International commerce plays a vital role in global economic development, facilitating trade between nations. 

Ang internasyonal na kalakalan ay may mahalagang papel sa pag-unlad ng pandaigdigang ekonomiya, na nagpapadali sa kalakalan sa pagitan ng mga bansa.

agency
agency
[Pangngalan]

a business or organization that provides services to other parties, especially by representing them in transactions

ahensya, opisina

ahensya, opisina

Ex: A real estate agency helps facilitate transactions between property buyers and sellers. 

Isang ahensya ng real estate ang tumutulong sa pagpapadali ng mga transaksyon sa pagitan ng mga mamimili at nagbebenta ng ari-arian.

commercial
commercial
[pang-uri]

related to the purchasing and selling of different goods and services

pangkalakalan

pangkalakalan

Ex: Commercial transactions involve the exchange of goods or services for money. 

Ang mga transaksyong pangkalakalan ay may kinalaman sa pagpapalitan ng mga kalakal o serbisyo para sa pera.

industry
industry
[Pangngalan]

all of the activities, companies, and people that are involved in providing a service or producing goods

industriya, sektor

industriya, sektor

Ex: The food industry follows strict safety regulations. 

Ang industriya ng pagkain ay sumusunod sa mahigpit na mga regulasyon sa kaligtasan.

enterprise
enterprise
[Pangngalan]

a company

negosyo, kumpanya

negosyo, kumpanya

Ex: The family-owned enterprise has been in operation for over three generations. 

Ang negosyo na pag-aari ng pamilya ay tumatakbo na ng mahigit sa tatlong henerasyon.

corporation
corporation
[Pangngalan]

a company or group of people that are considered as a single unit by law

korporasyon, kumpanya

korporasyon, kumpanya

Ex: The corporation expanded its operations into international markets last year. 

Ang korporasyon ay pinalawak ang mga operasyon nito sa mga internasyonal na merkado noong nakaraang taon.

human resources
human resources
[Pangngalan]

(in an organization, company, etc.) a department that is in charge of hiring new employees and training them

mga yamang tao, kagawaran ng tauhan

mga yamang tao, kagawaran ng tauhan

Ex: She applied for a job in the human resources. 

Nag-apply siya para sa isang trabaho sa human resources.

corporate
corporate
[pang-uri]

involving a large company

pangkorporasyon, ng kumpanya

pangkorporasyon, ng kumpanya

Ex: The corporate headquarters of the company are located in New York City. 
start-up
start-up
[Pangngalan]

a newly established company or business venture, typically characterized by its innovative approach, early-stage development, and a focus on growth

start-up, bagong tatag na kumpanya

start-up, bagong tatag na kumpanya

Ex: He launched a tech start-up with his friends. 

Nag-lunsad siya ng tech start-up kasama ang kanyang mga kaibigan.

headquarters
headquarters
[Pangngalan]

the place where the main offices of a large company or organization are located

punong-tanggapan, headquarters

punong-tanggapan, headquarters

Ex: The company's headquarters are located in downtown New York City. 

Ang punong-tanggapan ng kumpanya ay matatagpuan sa downtown New York City.

franchise
franchise
[Pangngalan]

a commercial enterprise that functions under an agreement, using the branding, systems, and products of an established company

prangkisa, pribilehiyo sa negosyo

prangkisa, pribilehiyo sa negosyo

Ex: Their franchise has become one of the top-performing outlets in the region. 

Ang kanilang franchise ay naging isa sa mga pinakamahusay na gumaganap na outlet sa rehiyon.

venture
venture
[Pangngalan]

a business activity that is mostly very risky

negosyo, proyekto

negosyo, proyekto

Ex: They started a new venture in the tech industry, knowing the risks. 

Nagsimula sila ng isang bagong venture sa tech industry, alam ang mga panganib.

strategy
strategy
[Pangngalan]

an organized plan made to achieve a goal

estratehiya, plano

estratehiya, plano

Ex: Their marketing strategy increased sales last year. 

Ang kanilang estratehiya sa marketing ay nagpataas ng mga benta noong nakaraang taon.

to manufacture

to produce products in large quantities by using machinery

gumawa, magprodyus

gumawa, magprodyus

Ex: The company manufactures electronic devices, such as smartphones and tablets. 

Ang kumpanya ay gumagawa ng mga elektronikong aparato, tulad ng mga smartphone at tablet.

machinery
machinery
[Pangngalan]

machines, especially large ones, considered collectively

makinarya, kagamitang pang-industriya

makinarya, kagamitang pang-industriya

Ex: The factory was filled with heavy machinery, each performing a specific function in the production line. 

Ang pabrika ay puno ng mabibigat na makinarya, bawat isa ay gumaganap ng isang tiyak na tungkulin sa linya ng produksyon.

workshop
workshop
[Pangngalan]

a building or room in which particular goods are made or fixed by different means

workshop, pagawaan

workshop, pagawaan

Ex: The carpentry workshop is equipped with saws, drills, and sanders for making wooden furniture. 

Ang workshop ng karpinterya ay nilagyan ng mga lagari, drill, at sander para sa paggawa ng mga kasangkapan sa kahoy.

profit margin
profit margin
[Pangngalan]

the difference between the earnings and the costs in a business

margin ng kita, profit margin

margin ng kita, profit margin

Ex: The company's profit margin increased significantly after implementing cost-saving measures and streamlining operations. 

Ang profit margin ng kumpanya ay tumaas nang malaki pagkatapos ipatupad ang mga hakbang sa pagtitipid at pagpapadali ng mga operasyon.

earnings
earnings
[Pangngalan]

(always plural) money received for work done or services provided

kita, kita

kita, kita

Ex: The company reported higher-than-expected earnings for the quarter, boosting investor confidence. 

Ang kumpanya ay nag-ulat ng mas mataas kaysa sa inaasahang kita para sa quarter, na nagpapalakas ng kumpiyansa ng mga investor.

shareholder
shareholder
[Pangngalan]

a natural or legal person that owns at least one share in a company

shareholder, may-ari ng bahagi

shareholder, may-ari ng bahagi

Ex: The shareholder voted on the proposed merger at the annual meeting. 
representative
representative
[Pangngalan]

an advocate or agent promoting another's policy or purpose

kinatawan, mandato

kinatawan, mandato

Ex: The lobbyist acted as a representative of the corporation. 

Ang lobbyist ay kumilos bilang kinatawan ng korporasyon.

to sponsor
to sponsor
[Pandiwa]

to cover the costs of a project, TV or radio program, activity, etc., often in exchange for advertising

isponsor, pondohan

isponsor, pondohan

Ex: The company sponsored the local sports team, contributing to their uniforms and equipment. 

Ang kumpanya ay nag-sponsor sa lokal na koponan ng sports, na nag-ambag sa kanilang mga uniporme at kagamitan.

merger
merger
[Pangngalan]

the joining of two companies or organizations together to form a larger one

pagsasama, pag-iisa

pagsasama, pag-iisa

Ex: The merger between the two leading airlines created one of the largest aviation companies in the world. 

Ang pagsasama ng dalawang nangungunang airline ay lumikha ng isa sa pinakamalaking kumpanya ng aviation sa mundo.

association
association
[Pangngalan]

an organization of people who have a common purpose

asosasyon, organisasyon

asosasyon, organisasyon

Ex: Associations often offer workshops and conferences to their members. 

Ang mga samahan ay madalas na nag-aalok ng mga workshop at kumperensya sa kanilang mga miyembro.

administration
administration
[Pangngalan]

the process and activities required to control and manage an organization

pangangasiwa,  pamamahala

pangangasiwa, pamamahala

Ex: The doctor supervised the administration of the experimental treatment. 

Pinangangasiwaan ng doktor ang pangangasiwa ng eksperimental na paggamot.

administrative
administrative
[pang-uri]

related to the management and organization of tasks, processes, or resources within an organization or system

administratibo

administratibo

Ex: The administrative staff handles day-to-day operations in the office. 

Ang administratibong staff ang humahawak sa pang-araw-araw na operasyon sa opisina.

executive
executive
[pang-uri]

using or having the power to decide on important matters, plans, etc. or to implement them

ehekutibo, pampamahala

ehekutibo, pampamahala

Ex: The president issued an executive order to enforce the new policy. 
marketing
marketing
[Pangngalan]

the act or process of selling or advertising a product or service, usually including market research

pamamalagi, marketing

pamamalagi, marketing

Ex: Successful marketing requires understanding customer needs. 

Ang matagumpay na marketing ay nangangailangan ng pag-unawa sa mga pangangailangan ng customer.

branding
branding
[Pangngalan]

the promotion of a particular product or company by means of advertising and distinctive design

tatak, imahe ng tatak

tatak, imahe ng tatak

Ex: Branding helped the startup stand out in a crowded market. 
promotion
promotion
[Pangngalan]

the activity of drawing public attention to a service or product in order to help it sell more

promosyon,  patalastas

promosyon, patalastas

Ex: The store is running a promotion this weekend, offering discounts on selected items. 

Ang tindahan ay nagpapatakbo ng isang promosyon sa katapusan ng linggo, nag-aalok ng mga diskwento sa mga napiling item.

to publicize
to publicize
[Pandiwa]

to dispose information about something, so that it publicly known

ipahayag, ipalaganap

ipahayag, ipalaganap

Ex: The team publicized their achievements to gain more recognition. 

Ipinahayag ng koponan ang kanilang mga nagawa upang makakuha ng higit na pagkilala.

to launch
to launch
[Pandiwa]

to make a new product or provide a new service and introduce it to the public

ilunsad, simulan

ilunsad, simulan

Ex: The company will launch its new smartphone next week. 

Ang kumpanya ay maglulunsad ng bagong smartphone nito sa susunod na linggo.

distribution
distribution
[Pangngalan]

the process of supplying shops and other businesses with products to be sold

pamamahagi

pamamahagi

Ex: The company improved its distribution network to ensure products reach stores faster. 

Pinabuti ng kumpanya ang network ng pamamahagi nito upang matiyak na mas mabilis na makarating ang mga produkto sa mga tindahan.

to chair
to chair
[Pandiwa]

to lead a committee or meeting

mangulo, pamunuan

mangulo, pamunuan

Ex: She regularly chairs the weekly team meetings, ensuring all agenda items are addressed. 

Regular niyang pinamumunuan ang lingguhang mga pulong ng koponan, tinitiyak na natatalakay ang lahat ng agenda.

chief technology officer

a person of senior rank in charge of a company's technological matters

punong opisyal ng teknolohiya, direktor ng teknolohiya

punong opisyal ng teknolohiya, direktor ng teknolohiya

Ex: The chief technology officer is responsible for overseeing the company's technological strategy and innovation. 

Ang punong opisyal ng teknolohiya ay responsable sa pangangasiwa ng estratehiya at pagbabago sa teknolohiya ng kumpanya.

entrepreneur
entrepreneur
[Pangngalan]

a person who starts a business, especially one who takes financial risks

negosyante

negosyante

Ex: As an entrepreneur, she started her own tech company with just a small investment. 

Bilang isang negosyante, sinimulan niya ang kanyang sariling kumpanya ng tech na may maliit na puhunan lamang.

merchant
merchant
[Pangngalan]

someone who buys and sells goods wholesale

mangangalakal, negosyante

mangangalakal, negosyante

Ex: The merchant traveled across the seas to trade spices and silk with distant lands. 

Ang mangangalakal ay naglakbay sa mga dagat upang makipagkalakalan ng mga pampalasa at seda sa malalayong lupain.

chief financial officer

a person of the highest authority over a company's financial matters

punong opisyal ng pananalapi, direktor pananalapi

punong opisyal ng pananalapi, direktor pananalapi

Ex: The chief financial officer presented the quarterly financial report to the board of directors. 

Ang chief financial officer ay nagharap ng quarterly financial report sa board of directors.

chief executive officer

the highest-ranking person in a company

punong ehekutibong opisyal, punong opisyal ng ehekutibo

punong ehekutibong opisyal, punong opisyal ng ehekutibo

Ex: The CEO announced a new strategy for the company. 

Inanunsyo ng punong ehekutibong opisyal ang isang bagong estratehiya para sa kumpanya.

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