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Základní Slovní Zásoba pro TOEFL - Svět podnikání

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova o obchodním světě, jako jsou "agentura", "průmysl", "podnik" atd., která jsou potřebná pro zkoušku TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
human capital
human capital
[Podstatné jméno]

one person or a group of people's abilities and strengths, looked at as valuable assets

lidský kapitál, lidské zdroje

lidský kapitál, lidské zdroje

marketplace
marketplace
[Podstatné jméno]

the physical or virtual space where goods, services, and commodities are bought, sold, or exchanged, often involving various sellers and buyers

tržiště, trh

tržiště, trh

Ex: The online marketplace allows customers to shop from a wide variety of sellers. 
commerce
commerce
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of buying and selling goods and services, particularly between countries

obchod

obchod

Ex: International commerce plays a vital role in global economic development, facilitating trade between nations. 
agency
agency
[Podstatné jméno]

a business or organization that provides services to other parties, especially by representing them in transactions

agentura, kancelář

agentura, kancelář

Ex: A real estate agency helps facilitate transactions between property buyers and sellers. 
commercial
commercial
[Přídavné jméno]

related to the purchasing and selling of different goods and services

komerční

komerční

Ex: Commercial transactions involve the exchange of goods or services for money. 
industry
industry
[Podstatné jméno]

all of the activities, companies, and people that are involved in providing a service or producing goods

průmysl, odvětví

průmysl, odvětví

Ex: The fashion industry is constantly evolving with new trends. 
enterprise
enterprise
[Podstatné jméno]

a company

podnik, společnost

podnik, společnost

Ex: The family-owned enterprise has been in operation for over three generations. 
corporation
corporation
[Podstatné jméno]

a company or group of people that are considered as a single unit by law

společnost, korporace

společnost, korporace

Ex: The corporation expanded its operations into international markets last year. 
human resources
human resources
[Podstatné jméno]

(in an organization, company, etc.) a department that is in charge of hiring new employees and training them

lidské zdroje, personální oddělení

lidské zdroje, personální oddělení

Ex: She applied for a job in the human resources. 
corporate
corporate
[Přídavné jméno]

involving a large company

korporátní, firemní

korporátní, firemní

Ex: The corporate headquarters of the company are located in New York City. 
start-up
start-up
[Podstatné jméno]

a newly established company or business venture, typically characterized by its innovative approach, early-stage development, and a focus on growth

start-up, nově založená společnost

start-up, nově založená společnost

Ex: He launched a tech start-up with his friends. 
headquarters
headquarters
[Podstatné jméno]

the place where the main offices of a large company or organization are located

ústředí, hlavní sídlo

ústředí, hlavní sídlo

Ex: The company's headquarters are located in downtown New York City. 
franchise
franchise
[Podstatné jméno]

a commercial enterprise that functions under an agreement, using the branding, systems, and products of an established company

franšíza, koncese

franšíza, koncese

Ex: He opened a franchise of a well-known pizza chain downtown. 
venture
venture
[Podstatné jméno]

a business activity that is mostly very risky

podnik, projekt

podnik, projekt

Ex: They started a new venture in the tech industry, knowing the risks. 
strategy
strategy
[Podstatné jméno]

an organized plan made to achieve a goal

strategie, plán

strategie, plán

Ex: Their marketing strategy increased sales last year. 
to manufacture

to produce products in large quantities by using machinery

vyrábět, produkovat

vyrábět, produkovat

Ex: The company manufactures electronic devices, such as smartphones and tablets. 
machinery
machinery
[Podstatné jméno]

machines, especially large ones, considered collectively

stroje, průmyslové vybavení

stroje, průmyslové vybavení

Ex: The factory was filled with heavy machinery, each performing a specific function in the production line. 
workshop
workshop
[Podstatné jméno]

a building or room in which particular goods are made or fixed by different means

dílna, workshop

dílna, workshop

Ex: The carpentry workshop is equipped with saws, drills, and sanders for making wooden furniture. 
profit margin
profit margin
[Podstatné jméno]

the difference between the earnings and the costs in a business

zisková marže, marže zisku

zisková marže, marže zisku

Ex: The company's profit margin increased significantly after implementing cost-saving measures and streamlining operations. 
earnings
earnings
[Podstatné jméno]

(always plural) money received for work done or services provided

výdělky, příjmy

výdělky, příjmy

Ex: The company reported higher-than-expected earnings for the quarter, boosting investor confidence. 
shareholder
shareholder
[Podstatné jméno]

a natural or legal person that owns at least one share in a company

akcionář, majitel podílů

akcionář, majitel podílů

representative
representative
[Podstatné jméno]

an advocate or agent promoting another's policy or purpose

zástupce, zmocněnec

zástupce, zmocněnec

Ex: The lobbyist acted as a representative of the corporation. 
to sponsor
to sponsor
[sloveso]

to cover the costs of a project, TV or radio program, activity, etc., often in exchange for advertising

sponzorovat, financovat

sponzorovat, financovat

Ex: The company sponsored the local sports team, contributing to their uniforms and equipment. 
merger
merger
[Podstatné jméno]

the joining of two companies or organizations together to form a larger one

fúze, sloučení

fúze, sloučení

Ex: The merger between the two leading airlines created one of the largest aviation companies in the world. 
association
association
[Podstatné jméno]

an organization of people who have a common purpose

asociace, organizace

asociace, organizace

Ex: The local book association hosts monthly meetings at the community center. 
administration
administration
[Podstatné jméno]

the process and activities required to control and manage an organization

správa,  řízení

správa, řízení

Ex: The nurse is responsible for the administration of medications at the correct times. 
administrative
administrative
[Přídavné jméno]

related to the management and organization of tasks, processes, or resources within an organization or system

administrativní

administrativní

Ex: The administrative staff handles day-to-day operations in the office. 
executive
executive
[Přídavné jméno]

using or having the power to decide on important matters, plans, etc. or to implement them

výkonný, řídící

výkonný, řídící

Ex: The executive order was issued by the president to enforce the new policy. 
marketing
marketing
[Podstatné jméno]

the act or process of selling or advertising a product or service, usually including market research

marketing, prodej

marketing, prodej

Ex: Successful marketing requires understanding customer needs. 
branding
branding
[Podstatné jméno]

the promotion of a particular product or company by means of advertising and distinctive design

značka, image značky

značka, image značky

promotion
promotion
[Podstatné jméno]

the activity of drawing public attention to a service or product in order to help it sell more

propagace,  reklama

propagace, reklama

Ex: The store is running a promotion this weekend, offering discounts on selected items. 
to publicize
to publicize
[sloveso]

to dispose information about something, so that it publicly known

zveřejnit, rozšířit

zveřejnit, rozšířit

Ex: The team publicized their achievements to gain more recognition. 
to launch
to launch
[sloveso]

to make a new product or provide a new service and introduce it to the public

spustit, představit

spustit, představit

Ex: The company will launch its new smartphone next week. 
distribution
distribution
[Podstatné jméno]

the process of supplying shops and other businesses with products to be sold

distribuce

distribuce

Ex: The company improved its distribution network to ensure products reach stores faster. 
to chair
to chair
[sloveso]

to lead a committee or meeting

předsedat, vést

předsedat, vést

Ex: She regularly chairs the weekly team meetings, ensuring all agenda items are addressed. 
chief technology officer
chief technology officer
[Podstatné jméno]

a person of senior rank in charge of a company's technological matters

technický ředitel, ředitel pro technologie

technický ředitel, ředitel pro technologie

Ex: The chief technology officer is responsible for overseeing the company's technological strategy and innovation. 
entrepreneur
entrepreneur
[Podstatné jméno]

a person who starts a business, especially one who takes financial risks

podnikatel

podnikatel

Ex: As an entrepreneur, she started her own tech company with just a small investment. 
merchant
merchant
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who buys and sells goods wholesale

obchodník, kupec

obchodník, kupec

Ex: The merchant traveled across the seas to trade spices and silk with distant lands. 
chief financial officer
chief financial officer
[Podstatné jméno]

a person of the highest authority over a company's financial matters

finanční ředitel, hlavní finanční úředník

finanční ředitel, hlavní finanční úředník

Ex: The chief financial officer presented the quarterly financial report to the board of directors. 
chief executive officer
chief executive officer
[Podstatné jméno]

the highest-ranking person in a company

generální ředitel, výkonný ředitel

generální ředitel, výkonný ředitel

Ex: The CEO announced a new strategy for the company. 
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