pattern

Humaniora ACT - Ilmu Sosial

Pelajari kosakata humaniora ACT untuk ilmu sosial, termasuk masyarakat, perilaku, institusi, komunitas, penelitian, dan studi tentang hubungan manusia dan pola sosial.

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Mulai belajar
ACT Vocabulary for Humanities
segregation
segregation
[Kata benda]

a social system or practice that keeps minority groups separate from the majority, often through separate facilities or services

pemisahan, apartheid

pemisahan, apartheid

Ex: Segregation in housing contributed to unequal opportunities. 

Pemisahan dalam perumahan berkontribusi pada peluang yang tidak setara.

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theory of mind
theory of mind
[Kata benda]

the understanding that others have thoughts, feelings, and perspectives that are different from one's own

teori pikiran, pemahaman pikiran

teori pikiran, pemahaman pikiran

Ex: Researchers use various tasks, such as the "Sally-Anne test," to assess theory of mind in both children and adults. 

Para peneliti menggunakan berbagai tugas, seperti "tes Sally-Anne," untuk menilai teori pikiran pada anak-anak dan orang dewasa.

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bureaucracy
bureaucracy
[Kata benda]

an organizational structure characterized by strict procedures, rules, and regulations designed to manage complex tasks or activities efficiently

birokrasi, struktur administratif

birokrasi, struktur administratif

Ex: Bureaucracy in healthcare administration can sometimes hinder patient care due to lengthy approval procedures. 

Birokrasi dalam administrasi perawatan kesehatan terkadang dapat menghambat perawatan pasien karena prosedur persetujuan yang panjang.

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activism
activism
[Kata benda]

the action of striving to bring about social or political reform, especially as a member of an organization with specific objectives

aktivisme, perjuangan

aktivisme, perjuangan

Ex: Social media has become a powerful tool for activism, allowing campaigns to reach a global audience. 

Media sosial telah menjadi alat yang kuat untuk aktivisme, memungkinkan kampanye menjangkau audiens global.

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agency
agency
[Kata benda]

the capacity or power of an individual or entity to take action, make decisions, and influence or control their environment or circumstances

agen, kemampuan untuk bertindak

agen, kemampuan untuk bertindak

Ex: In literature, characters with agency drive the plot forward through their actions and decisions. 

Dalam sastra, karakter dengan keagenan mendorong alur cerita melalui tindakan dan keputusan mereka.

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clan
clan
[Kata benda]

a large group of people who are related to each other

klan, keluarga besar

klan, keluarga besar

Ex: Each summer, the clan traveled to their ancestral homeland to reconnect with their roots and heritage. 

Setiap musim panas, klan melakukan perjalanan ke tanah leluhur mereka untuk terhubung kembali dengan akar dan warisan mereka.

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chiefdom
chiefdom
[Kata benda]

a form of sociopolitical organization in which a centralized authority governs a community or a collection of communities

kepemimpinan, sistem kepala suku

kepemimpinan, sistem kepala suku

Ex: In a chiefdom, the chief often inherits their position and wields considerable influence over the tribe's decision-making processes. 

Dalam sebuah kepemimpinan suku, kepala suku sering mewarisi posisinya dan memiliki pengaruh yang cukup besar atas proses pengambilan keputusan suku.

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collective
collective
[Kata benda]

a cooperative or united group of individuals, entities, or elements working together for a common purpose or interest

kolektif

kolektif

Ex: The cooperative is a business model where a collective of farmers jointly owns and manages the agricultural production. 

Koperasi adalah model bisnis di mana kolektif petani bersama-sama memiliki dan mengelola produksi pertanian.

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to census
to census
[kata kerja]

to systematically collect and record demographic data about a population

melakukan sensus, mengadakan sensus

melakukan sensus, mengadakan sensus

Ex: Next month, the organization will census the community to assess healthcare needs. 

Bulan depan, organisasi akan melakukan sensus masyarakat untuk menilai kebutuhan perawatan kesehatan.

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demographic
demographic
[Kata benda]

the statistical characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, and ethnicity

demografis, karakteristik demografis

demografis, karakteristik demografis

Ex: The television show has gained popularity among the 18-34 age demographic. 

Acara televisi telah mendapatkan popularitas di kalangan demografis usia 18-34.

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status quo
status quo
[Kata benda]

the situation or condition that is currently at hand

status quo, keadaan saat ini

status quo, keadaan saat ini

Ex: They challenged the status quo with their innovative approach to the problem. 

Mereka menantang status quo dengan pendekatan inovatif mereka terhadap masalah.

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industrialization
industrialization
[Kata benda]

the process of developing and expanding industries within a region or country, involving the increased production of goods through the use of advanced machinery, technology, and organized labor

industrialisasi, pembangunan industri

industrialisasi, pembangunan industri

Ex: Industrialization in the 20th century saw the widespread adoption of assembly line production techniques. 

Industrialisasi pada abad ke-20 menyaksikan adopsi luas teknik produksi lini perakitan.

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militant
militant
[Adjektiva]

displaying violent acts for the sake of a social or political aim

militan, tempur

militan, tempur

Ex: She was known for her militant stance on animal rights, often participating in protests and direct actions. 

Dia dikenal karena sikap militannya tentang hak-hak hewan, sering berpartisipasi dalam protes dan aksi langsung.

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nonconformity
nonconformity
[Kata benda]

the behavior or attitude that does not follow established norms, conventions, or expectations within a society or group

ketidaksesuaian

ketidaksesuaian

Ex: Nonconformity can lead to social ostracism but also fosters innovation and creativity. 

Ketidaksesuaian dapat menyebabkan pengucilan sosial tetapi juga mendorong inovasi dan kreativitas.

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progressive
progressive
[Adjektiva]

supporting and encouraging positive change and advancement

progresif, maju

progresif, maju

Ex: The progressive approach to education focuses on adapting to the needs of each student. 

Pendekatan progresif dalam pendidikan berfokus pada adaptasi terhadap kebutuhan setiap siswa.

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socialization
socialization
[Kata benda]

the process through which individuals within a society or group learn and internalize behavior patterns, norms, values, and customs through interactions, education, and social experiences

sosialisasi, integrasi sosial

sosialisasi, integrasi sosial

Ex: Researchers studied how socialization shapes attitudes toward authority. 

Sosialisasi di tempat kerja membantu karyawan baru untuk berintegrasi ke dalam budaya organisasi dan memahami kebijakan perusahaan.

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civilization
civilization
[Kata benda]

a society that has developed its own culture and institutions in a particular period of time or place

peradaban, masyarakat

peradaban, masyarakat

Ex: Many aspects of Greek civilization influence contemporary philosophy and art. 

Banyak aspek peradaban Yunani mempengaruhi filsafat dan seni kontemporer.

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ethnicity
ethnicity
[Kata benda]

the state of belonging to a certain ethnic group

etnisitas

etnisitas

Ex: The school's diversity program celebrates students of every ethnicity. 

Program keragaman sekolah merayakan siswa dari setiap etnis.

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civil right
civil right
[Kata benda]

any of the basic freedoms or rights that protect individuals from unfair treatment and ensure equality under the law, regardless of race, gender, religion, disability, or other characteristics

hak sipil, kebebasan dasar

hak sipil, kebebasan dasar

Ex: Protecting civil rights ensures that every citizen has the opportunity to participate fully in society and enjoy equal access to employment, housing, and public services. 

Melindungi hak-hak sipil memastikan bahwa setiap warga negara memiliki kesempatan untuk berpartisipasi penuh dalam masyarakat dan menikmati akses yang setara ke pekerjaan, perumahan, dan layanan publik.

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socioeconomic
socioeconomic
[Adjektiva]

referring to factors or conditions that involve both social and economic aspects

sosioekonomi, ekonomi sosial

sosioekonomi, ekonomi sosial

Ex: Government policies aim to address socioeconomic inequalities and promote social mobility. 

Kebijakan pemerintah bertujuan untuk mengatasi ketidaksetaraan sosial ekonomi dan mempromosikan mobilitas sosial.

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urbanization
urbanization
[Kata benda]

the process of people moving from rural areas to urban areas, resulting in the growth of cities and the expansion of urban areas

urbanisasi, pembangunan kota

urbanisasi, pembangunan kota

Ex: Urbanization creates both opportunities and challenges. 

Urbanisasi menciptakan peluang dan tantangan.

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suburban
suburban
[Adjektiva]

characteristic of or relating to a residential area outside a city or town

pinggiran kota, suburban

pinggiran kota, suburban

Ex: Suburban areas often have lower crime rates compared to urban centers. 
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to marginalize
to marginalize
[kata kerja]

to treat a person, group, or concept as insignificant or of secondary or minor importance

meminggirkan, mengabaikan

meminggirkan, mengabaikan

Ex: The company's policies inadvertently marginalized employees with disabilities, making it difficult for them to fully participate in the workplace. 

Kebijakan perusahaan tanpa sengaja meminggirkan karyawan dengan disabilitas, menyulitkan mereka untuk berpartisipasi penuh di tempat kerja.

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minority
minority
[Kata benda]

a small group of people who differ in race, religion, etc. and are often mistreated by the society

minoritas

minoritas

Ex: The report highlighted the struggles of the minority in accessing resources. 

Laporan tersebut menyoroti perjuangan minoritas dalam mengakses sumber daya.

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aristocracy
aristocracy
[Kata benda]

people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles

aristokrasi, bangsawan

aristokrasi, bangsawan

Ex: The aristocracy often lived in grand estates and manors. 

Aristokrasi sering tinggal di perkebunan dan rumah besar yang megah.

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royalty
royalty
[Kata benda]

kings and queens and any member of their families

keluarga kerajaan, bangsawan

keluarga kerajaan, bangsawan

Ex: She admired the intricate crowns and jewelry worn by the royalty in historical portraits. 

Dia mengagumi mahkota dan perhiasan rumit yang dikenakan oleh keluarga kerajaan dalam potret sejarah.

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metropolis
metropolis
[Kata benda]

a large, important city that serves as a significant economic, political, or cultural center for a region or country

metropolis, kota besar

metropolis, kota besar

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infrastructure
infrastructure
[Kata benda]

the physical and organizational assets, such as roads, bridges, utilities, and public services, that support economic activity and daily life

infrastruktur, infrastruktur-infrastruktur

infrastruktur, infrastruktur-infrastruktur

Ex: The city's infrastructure includes highways, water systems, and public transit. 

Infrastruktur kota mencakup jalan raya, sistem air, dan transportasi umum.

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utopian
utopian
[Adjektiva]

referring to a vision of an ideal society, where everything is flawless or nearly perfect

utopis, idealistis

utopis, idealistis

Ex: In his novel, Thomas More envisioned a utopian society based on principles of equality and common property. 

Dalam novelnya, Thomas More membayangkan masyarakat utopis yang didasarkan pada prinsip kesetaraan dan kepemilikan bersama.

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legitimacy
legitimacy
[Kata benda]

the quality of being acceptable by the law

legitimasi

legitimasi

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civil disobedience
civil disobedience
[Kata benda]

the deliberate and nonviolent refusal to obey certain laws, demands, or commands of a government or authority, typically as a form of protest

pembangkangan sipil, perlawanan pasif

pembangkangan sipil, perlawanan pasif

Ex: Environmental activists engaged in civil disobedience to protest against government policies that endanger wildlife habitats. 

Aktivis lingkungan terlibat dalam pembangkangan sipil untuk memprotes kebijakan pemerintah yang membahayakan habitat satwa liar.

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to discriminate
to discriminate
[kata kerja]

to unfairly treat a person or group of people based on their sex, race, etc.

mendiskriminasi

mendiskriminasi

Ex: Discriminating against someone because of their race is a form of racism. 

Mendiskriminasi seseorang karena rasnya adalah bentuk rasisme.

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to rehabilitate
to rehabilitate
[kata kerja]

to help someone to restore to a healthy and independent state after a period of imprisonment, addiction, illness, etc.

merehabilitasi, memulihkan

merehabilitasi, memulihkan

Ex: Physical therapists worked tirelessly to rehabilitate the patient's injured leg, focusing on restoring mobility and strength. 

Fisioterapis bekerja tanpa lelah untuk merehabilitasi kaki yang terluka pasien, fokus pada pemulihan mobilitas dan kekuatan.

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outcast
outcast
[Kata benda]

a person who has been rejected or excluded from a social group or society, often due to their behavior, beliefs, or social status

terbuang, orang buangan

terbuang, orang buangan

Ex: The novel portrays the struggles of an outcast trying to find acceptance in a new environment. 

Novel ini menggambarkan perjuangan seorang terbuang yang berusaha mencari penerimaan di lingkungan baru.

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refugee
refugee
[Kata benda]

a person who is forced to leave their own country because of war, natural disaster, etc.

pengungsi, pengungsi

pengungsi, pengungsi

Ex: The international community mobilized to support refugees displaced by the conflict. 

Komunitas internasional bergerak untuk mendukung pengungsi yang mengungsi akibat konflik.

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indigenous
indigenous
[Adjektiva]

relating to the original inhabitants of a particular region or country, who have distinct cultural, social, and historical ties to that land

asli,  pribumi

asli, pribumi

Ex: The festival celebrated the rich cultural heritage of the indigenous people, featuring traditional music, dance, and crafts. 

Festival merayakan warisan budaya yang kaya dari masyarakat adat, menampilkan musik, tarian, dan kerajinan tradisional.

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patriarchal
patriarchal
[Adjektiva]

relating to a social system where men hold primary power and authority over women and families

patriarkal, kepala keluarga

patriarkal, kepala keluarga

Ex: The patriarchal norms of the time restricted women's access to education and employment. 

Norma patriarkal pada masa itu membatasi akses perempuan terhadap pendidikan dan pekerjaan.

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humble
humble
[Adjektiva]

having a low social rank or position, often characterized by modesty

rendah hati, sederhana

rendah hati, sederhana

Ex: Despite his humble beginnings, he rose to become a respected leader in the community. 

Meskipun awal yang sederhana, dia menjadi pemimpin yang dihormati di masyarakat.

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to assimilate
to assimilate
[kata kerja]

to integrate into a new environment, often by adopting its language, norms, values, and practices

berasimilasi, berintegrasi

berasimilasi, berintegrasi

Ex: Immigrants often face challenges as they try to assimilate into a new society while preserving their cultural identity. 

Para imigran sering menghadapi tantangan saat mereka mencoba untuk berasimilasi ke dalam masyarakat baru sambil mempertahankan identitas budaya mereka.

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commune
commune
[Kata benda]

a local administrative unit in certain countries, functioning as the smallest division of government

komune

komune

Ex: The budget for the commune was approved after a thorough review by the local council. 

Anggaran untuk komune disetujui setelah tinjauan menyeluruh oleh dewan lokal.

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outskirts
outskirts
[Kata benda]

the outer areas or parts of a city or town

pinggiran kota, daerah luar

pinggiran kota, daerah luar

Ex: As the city expanded, the outskirts became increasingly populated, leading to the development of new schools and parks to accommodate the growing community. 

Seiring dengan perluasan kota, pinggiran kota menjadi semakin padat penduduknya, yang mengarah pada pengembangan sekolah dan taman baru untuk menampung komunitas yang berkembang.

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parish
parish
[Kata benda]

an area with a church of its own that is under the care of a priest

paroki, jemaat

paroki, jemaat

Ex: The parish hosted a festival to celebrate its patron saint, drawing attendees from neighboring communities. 

Paroki mengadakan festival untuk merayakan santo pelindungnya, menarik peserta dari komunitas tetangga.

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cosmopolitan
cosmopolitan
[Adjektiva]

including a wide range of people with different nationalities and cultures

kosmopolitan

kosmopolitan

Ex: The hotel offered a cosmopolitan experience with guests from around the world. 

Hotel itu menawarkan pengalaman kosmopolitan dengan tamu dari seluruh dunia.

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humanitarian
humanitarian
[Adjektiva]

showing concern for the well-being of people and acting to improve human welfare

kemanusiaan, amal

kemanusiaan, amal

Ex: His efforts reflect a strong humanitarian spirit. 

Usahanya mencerminkan semangat kemanusiaan yang kuat.

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classist
classist
[Adjektiva]

marked by discrimination against or prejudice toward individuals or groups based on their social class

klasistis, diskriminatif berdasarkan kelas sosial

klasistis, diskriminatif berdasarkan kelas sosial

Ex: He faced backlash for making classist comments that stereotyped individuals based on their occupations. 

Dia menghadapi reaksi keras karena membuat komentar klasisme yang menstereotipkan individu berdasarkan pekerjaan mereka.

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caste
caste
[Kata benda]

a system that divides the people of a society into different social classes based on their wealth, privilage, or profession

kasta, sistem kasta

kasta, sistem kasta

Ex: The abolition of the caste system has been a long-standing goal of social reform movements in countries where it is prevalent. 

Penghapusan sistem kasta telah lama menjadi tujuan gerakan reformasi sosial di negara-negara di mana sistem ini berlaku.

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echelon
echelon
[Kata benda]

a level or rank in an organization, profession, or society, indicating a person's status or authority within that hierarchy

tingkat, jabatan

tingkat, jabatan

Ex: She worked hard for years to reach the upper echelons of the corporate world. 

Dia bekerja keras selama bertahun-tahun untuk mencapai tingkatan atas dunia korporat.

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station
station
[Kata benda]

a person's social rank or position within a structured hierarchy or society

pangkat, posisi sosial

pangkat, posisi sosial

Ex: Despite his humble station in life, he was respected for his integrity and hard work. 

Meskipun kedudukannya yang sederhana dalam hidup, ia dihormati karena integritas dan kerja kerasnya.

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rat race
rat race
[Kata benda]

a draining and stressful lifestyle that consists of constantly competing with others for success, wealth, power, etc. and so leaving no room for rest and pleasure

perlombaan hidup yang melelahkan, persaingan tanpa henti

perlombaan hidup yang melelahkan, persaingan tanpa henti

Ex: After years in the rat race, he finally chose a quieter life. 

Setelah bertahun-tahun terjebak dalam persaingan melelahkan, akhirnya ia memilih hidup yang lebih tenang.

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