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the policy of separating a group of people from the rest based on racial, sexual, or religious grounds and discriminating against them
隔離, 分離
the understanding that others have thoughts, feelings, and perspectives that are different from one's own
心の理論, メンタル理論
an organizational structure characterized by strict procedures, rules, and regulations designed to manage complex tasks or activities efficiently
官僚制度
the action of striving to bring about social or political reform, especially as a member of an organization with specific objectives
アクティビズム, ミリタント性
the capacity or power of an individual or entity to take action, make decisions, and influence or control their environment or circumstances
エージェンシー, 能力
a form of sociopolitical organization in which a centralized authority governs a community or a collection of communities
首長制, チーフダム
a cooperative or united group of individuals, entities, or elements working together for a common purpose or interest
コレクティブ, 集団
to systematically collect and record demographic data about a population
国勢調査する, censusする
the statistical characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, and ethnicity
人口統計学的, デモグラフィック
the process of developing and expanding industries within a region or country, involving the increased production of goods through the use of advanced machinery, technology, and organized labor
産業化, 産業化
the behavior or attitude that does not follow established norms, conventions, or expectations within a society or group
非従属, 非適合
the process through which individuals within a society or group learn and internalize behavior patterns, norms, values, and customs through interactions, education, and social experiences
社会化, ソーシャリゼーション
a society that has developed its own culture and institutions in a particular period of time or place
文明, 社会
any of the basic freedoms or rights that protect individuals from unfair treatment and ensure equality under the law, regardless of race, gender, religion, disability, or other characteristics
市民権, 市民の権利
referring to factors or conditions that involve both social and economic aspects
社会経済的, 社会-経済的
the process of people moving from rural areas to urban areas, resulting in the growth of cities and the expansion of urban areas
都市化, アーバニゼーション
characteristic of or relating to a residential area outside a city or town
郊外の, サバービア
to treat a person, group, or concept as insignificant or of secondary or minor importance
疎外する, マージナライズする
a small group of people who differ in race, religion, etc. and are often mistreated by the society
マイノリティ, 少数派
people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles
貴族階級
a large, important city that serves as a significant economic, political, or cultural center for a region or country
大都市, メトロポリス
the basic physical structures and systems that support and enable the functioning of a society or organization, such as roads and bridges
インフラ, インフラストラクチャー
referring to a vision of an ideal society, where everything is flawless or nearly perfect
ユートピア的な
the deliberate and nonviolent refusal to obey certain laws, demands, or commands of a government or authority, typically as a form of protest
市民的不服従, 平和的抵抗
to unfairly treat a person or group of people based on their sex, race, etc.
差別する, 区別する
to help someone to restore to a healthy and independent state after a period of imprisonment, addiction, illness, etc.
リハビリテーションする, 復帰させる
a person who has been rejected or excluded from a social group or society, often due to their behavior, beliefs, or social status
はぐれ者, アウトキャスト
a person who is forced to leave their own country because of war, natural disaster, etc.
難民, 女性難民
relating to the original inhabitants of a particular region or country, who have distinct cultural, social, and historical ties to that land
先住民の, 土着の
relating to a social system where men hold primary power and authority over women and families
父権的, パトリアカレ
to integrate into a new environment, often by adopting its language, norms, values, and practices
同化する, 統合する
a local administrative unit in certain countries, functioning as the smallest division of government
コミューン
including a wide range of people with different nationalities and cultures
国際的, 多文化の
involved in or related to helping people who are in need to improve their living conditions
人道的, 人道的な支援
marked by discrimination against or prejudice toward individuals or groups based on their social class
階級主義的, 階級に基づく
a system that divides the people of a society into different social classes based on their wealth, privilage, or profession
カースト, カースト制度
a level or rank in an organization, profession, or society, indicating a person's status or authority within that hierarchy
階層, レベル
a person's social rank or position within a structured hierarchy or society
社会的地位, 階級
a draining and stressful lifestyle that consists of constantly competing with others for success, wealth, power, etc. and so leaving no room for rest and pleasure
ネズミのレース, 疲れる競争社会
