ACT 人文学科 - 社会科学

the policy of separating a group of people from the rest based on racial, sexual, or religious grounds and discriminating against them

隔离

the understanding that others have thoughts, feelings, and perspectives that are different from one's own

心智理论

an organizational structure characterized by strict procedures, rules, and regulations designed to manage complex tasks or activities efficiently

官僚主义

the action of striving to bring about social or political reform, especially as a member of an organization with specific objectives

激进主义

the capacity or power of an individual or entity to take action, make decisions, and influence or control their environment or circumstances

机构

a large group of people who are related to each other

部落

a form of sociopolitical organization in which a centralized authority governs a community or a collection of communities

酋长制

a cooperative or united group of individuals, entities, or elements working together for a common purpose or interest

集体

to systematically collect and record demographic data about a population

进行普查

the statistical characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, and ethnicity

人口统计特征

the situation or condition that is currently at hand

现状

the process of developing and expanding industries within a region or country, involving the increased production of goods through the use of advanced machinery, technology, and organized labor

工业化

displaying violent acts for the sake of a social or political aim

激进的

the behavior or attitude that does not follow established norms, conventions, or expectations within a society or group

不从众

supporting and encouraging positive change and advancement

进步的

the process through which individuals within a society or group learn and internalize behavior patterns, norms, values, and customs through interactions, education, and social experiences

社会化

a society that has developed its own culture and institutions in a particular period of time or place

文明

the state of belonging to a certain ethnic group

民族性

any of the basic freedoms or rights that protect individuals from unfair treatment and ensure equality under the law, regardless of race, gender, religion, disability, or other characteristics

公民权利

referring to factors or conditions that involve both social and economic aspects

社会经济的

the process of people moving from rural areas to urban areas, resulting in the growth of cities and the expansion of urban areas

城市化

characteristic of or relating to a residential area outside a city or town

郊区的

to treat a person, group, or concept as insignificant or of secondary or minor importance

边缘化

a small group of people who differ in race, religion, etc. and are often mistreated by the society

少数派

people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles

贵族

kings and queens and any member of their families

皇室

a large, important city that serves as a significant economic, political, or cultural center for a region or country

大都市

the basic physical structures and systems that support and enable the functioning of a society or organization, such as roads and bridges

基础设施

referring to a vision of an ideal society, where everything is flawless or nearly perfect

乌托邦的

the quality of being acceptable by the law

合法性

the deliberate and nonviolent refusal to obey certain laws, demands, or commands of a government or authority, typically as a form of protest

公民抗命

to unfairly treat a person or group of people based on their sex, race, etc.

歧视

to help someone to restore to a healthy and independent state after a period of imprisonment, addiction, illness, etc.

重新融入

a person who has been rejected or excluded from a social group or society, often due to their behavior, beliefs, or social status

被抛弃者

a person who is forced to leave their own country because of war, natural disaster, etc.

难民

relating to the original inhabitants of a particular region or country, who have distinct cultural, social, and historical ties to that land

土著的

relating to a social system where men hold primary power and authority over women and families

父权的

having a low social rank or position, often characterized by modesty

谦逊的

to integrate into a new environment, often by adopting its language, norms, values, and practices

同化

a local administrative unit in certain countries, functioning as the smallest division of government

公社

the outer areas or parts of a city or town

郊区

an area with a church of its own that is under the care of a priest

教区

including a wide range of people with different nationalities and cultures

国际化的

involved in or related to helping people who are in need to improve their living conditions

人道的

marked by discrimination against or prejudice toward individuals or groups based on their social class

阶级歧视的

a system that divides the people of a society into different social classes based on their wealth, privilage, or profession

种姓

a level or rank in an organization, profession, or society, indicating a person's status or authority within that hierarchy

等级

a person's social rank or position within a structured hierarchy or society

社会地位

a draining and stressful lifestyle that consists of constantly competing with others for success, wealth, power, etc. and so leaving no room for rest and pleasure

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