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Kesehatan dan Penyakit - Penyakit Menular

Di sini Anda akan mempelajari beberapa kata dalam bahasa Inggris yang terkait dengan penyakit menular seperti "pneumonia", "cacar air", dan "kusta".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
yellow fever
yellow fever
[Kata benda]

a tropical viral disease, characterized by fever, muscle pain, etc. which consequently leads to jaundice and potential death, transmitted by infected mosquitoes

demam kuning, muntah hitam

demam kuning, muntah hitam

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tetanus
tetanus
[Kata benda]

a severe infectious disease marked by painful muscle contractions, particularly that of the jaw, as a result of bacteria invading the body through cuts or wounds

tetanus

tetanus

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swine flu
swine flu
[Kata benda]

a potentially fatal disease passed between humans that is caused by an influenza strain similar to swine flu in pigs

flu babi, influensa babi

flu babi, influensa babi

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smallpox
smallpox
[Kata benda]

an acute infectious disease characterized by fever and skin eruption, usually leaving permanent scars

cacar, variola

cacar, variola

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scrapie
scrapie
[Kata benda]

an infectious and often fatal disease that mainly affects the nervous system of sheep

scrapie, penyakit saraf menular pada domba

scrapie, penyakit saraf menular pada domba

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SARS
SARS
[Kata benda]

a viral illness that primarily affects the respiratory system, causing symptoms such as fever, coughing, and breathing difficulties, and it can lead to severe illness and even death

SARS, sindrom pernapasan akut berat

SARS, sindrom pernapasan akut berat

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SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2
[Kata benda]

severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, a variation of coronavirus that was first reported back in 2019

sindrom pernapasan akut parah coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2

sindrom pernapasan akut parah coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2

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pneumonia
pneumonia
[Kata benda]

the infection and inflammation of air sacs in one's lungs, usually caused by a bacterial infection that makes breathing difficult

pneumonia, infeksi paru-paru

pneumonia, infeksi paru-paru

Ex: Pneumonia can be caused by various pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi, and typically presents with symptoms such as cough, fever, and chest pain. 

Pneumonia dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai patogen, termasuk bakteri, virus, dan jamur, dan biasanya muncul dengan gejala seperti batuk, demam, dan nyeri dada.

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plague
plague
[Kata benda]

a dangerous disease spread by rats that causes fever and swellings, often kills if infected

wabah, maut hitam

wabah, maut hitam

Ex: Without prompt treatment with antibiotics, the plague can be fatal, leading to septicemia (blood infection) and organ failure. 

Tanpa pengobatan segera dengan antibiotik, wabah bisa berakibat fatal, menyebabkan septikemia (infeksi darah) dan kegagalan organ.

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pertussis
pertussis
[Kata benda]

a contagious respiratory disease often characterized by violent coughs and breathing difficulties

batuk rejan, batuk parah

batuk rejan, batuk parah

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meningitis
meningitis
[Kata benda]

a serious infectious disease characterized by inflammation of the thin protective tissue that covers the brain and spinal cord, causing intense headaches and high temperature

meningitis

meningitis

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measles
measles
[Kata benda]

a contagious disease that causes high fever and small red spots on the body, common in children

campak, penyakit campak

campak, penyakit campak

Ex: Measles can spread through coughing and sneezing, as well as direct contact with infected droplets. 

Campak dapat menyebar melalui batuk dan bersin, serta kontak langsung dengan tetesan yang terinfeksi.

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croup
croup
[Kata benda]

a common respiratory infection in children that causes swelling around the vocal cords

croup, laringitis stridulus

croup, laringitis stridulus

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Covid-19
Covid-19
[Kata benda]

an infectious disease caused by a type of virus called coronavirus that causes fever, tiredness, a cough, etc., and in some cases can kill, originated in China and later became a pandemic

COVID-19, penyakit coronavirus 2019

COVID-19, penyakit coronavirus 2019

Ex: Preventive measures such as wearing masks, practicing social distancing, and washing hands frequently are crucial in reducing the spread of COVID-19. 

Tindakan pencegahan seperti memakai masker, menjaga jarak sosial, dan sering mencuci tangan sangat penting untuk mengurangi penyebaran COVID-19.

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common cold
common cold
[Kata benda]

a viral infection causing symptoms like a runny nose, cough, and sore throat

pilek biasa, pilek

pilek biasa, pilek

Ex: She missed school because of a common cold. 

Dia tidak masuk sekolah karena pilek biasa.

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cholera
cholera
[Kata benda]

a potentially fatal illness that is acquired from consumption of water or food contaminated with particular bacteria, causing diarrhea and vomiting

kolera, penyakit kolera

kolera, penyakit kolera

Ex: She contracted cholera during her travels and had to be hospitalized immediately. 

Dia tertular kolera selama perjalanannya dan harus segera dirawat di rumah sakit.

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chickenpox
chickenpox
[Kata benda]

a contagious disease that causes a mild fever and an itchy rash with blisters, primarily affects children

cacar air, varisela

cacar air, varisela

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long Covid
long Covid
[Kata benda]

a medical condition wherein people continue to experience COVID-19 symptoms for weeks or months after they begin to recover

Covid panjang, sindrom pasca-Covid

Covid panjang, sindrom pasca-Covid

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leprosy
leprosy
[Kata benda]

a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacteria called Mycobacterium leprae that can affect the nerves, skin, eyes, and lining of the nose

kusta

kusta

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rubella
rubella
[Kata benda]

a contagious viral illness, often occurring in children, that causes a red rash on the body as well as symptoms like fever, sore throat, and eye redness

rubella, campak Jerman

rubella, campak Jerman

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gastric flu
gastric flu
[Kata benda]

an intestinal infection‌ that often causes watery diarrhea, inflammation, nausea, vomiting, or fever

flu lambung, gastroenteritis

flu lambung, gastroenteritis

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paratyphoid fever
paratyphoid fever
[Kata benda]

a bacterial infection causing symptoms similar to typhoid fever, transmitted through contaminated food or water, and treated with antibiotics

demam paratifoid, paratifoid

demam paratifoid, paratifoid

Ex: Paratyphoid fever is less common than typhoid fever but can occur in regions with inadequate sanitation. 

Demam paratifoid kurang umum daripada demam tifoid tetapi dapat terjadi di daerah dengan sanitasi yang tidak memadai.

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ebola
ebola
[Kata benda]

a potentially fatal disease that causes problems with how one's blood clots

Ebola, penyakit virus Ebola

Ebola, penyakit virus Ebola

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tonsillitis
tonsillitis
[Kata benda]

an infection or inflammation of the tonsils

tonsilitis, radang amandel

tonsilitis, radang amandel

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mumps
mumps
[Kata benda]

an infectious viral disease characterized by fever and the painful swelling of the neck

gondongan, parotitis epidemik

gondongan, parotitis epidemik

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diphtheria
diphtheria
[Kata benda]

a chronic infection caused by a gram-positive bacterium and characterized by the formation of a false membrane in the air passages, particularly those of the throat

difteri, infeksi difteri

difteri, infeksi difteri

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influenza
influenza
[Kata benda]

an infectious disease caused by a type of virus that attacks the nose, lungs, and throat

influensa

influensa

Ex: The doctor confirmed it was influenza, not just a cold. 

Dokter mengonfirmasi bahwa itu adalah influenza, bukan hanya pilek.

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avian flu
avian flu
[Kata benda]

a type of influenza virus that rapidly spreads among birds and in rare cases, it can affect humans as well

flu burung, virus influenza burung

flu burung, virus influenza burung

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giardiasis
giardiasis
[Kata benda]

an intestinal infection caused by the parasite Giardia lamblia, leading to symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and nausea

giardiasis

giardiasis

Ex: Symptoms of giardiasis may include watery diarrhea, bloating, and weight loss. 

Gejala giardiasis dapat mencakup diare berair, kembung, dan penurunan berat badan.

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infectious mononucleosis

a viral infection primarily caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, leading to symptoms like extreme fatigue, sore throat, and swollen glands

mononukleosis menular, mononukleosis

mononukleosis menular, mononukleosis

Ex: Mono is commonly spread through the exchange of saliva, hence its nickname "kissing disease." 

Mononukleosis infeksius umumnya menyebar melalui pertukaran air liur, sehingga dijuluki "penyakit ciuman".

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malaria
malaria
[Kata benda]

a potentially fatal disease normally transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito

malaria

malaria

Ex: Symptoms of malaria include high fever, chills, and flu-like illness. 

Gejala malaria termasuk demam tinggi, menggigil, dan penyakit seperti flu.

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toxic shock syndrome

a rare, potentially life-threatening condition caused by bacterial toxins, often associated with tampon use in menstruating individuals

sindrom syok toksik, SST

sindrom syok toksik, SST

Ex: Education on proper tampon use and hygiene practices can help reduce the risk of toxic shock syndrome. 

Pendidikan tentang penggunaan tampon yang benar dan praktik kebersihan dapat membantu mengurangi risiko sindrom syok toksik.

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typhoid
typhoid
[Kata benda]

a serious and potentially life-threatening disease marked by high fever, diarrhea, and red spots that appear on the chest and abdomen

demam tifoid, tifoid

demam tifoid, tifoid

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tuberculosis
tuberculosis
[Kata benda]

a potentially severe bacterial disease that primarily affects the lungs and causes swellings to appear on them or other parts of the body

tuberkulosis

tuberkulosis

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bubonic plague
bubonic plague
[Kata benda]

a highly contagious and often fatal bacterial infection characterized by painful swollen lymph nodes, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis and transmitted through the bite of infected fleas

wabah pes, maut hitam

wabah pes, maut hitam

Ex: Public health measures play a role in preventing the spread of bubonic plague. 

Tindakan kesehatan masyarakat berperan dalam mencegah penyebaran wabah pes bubonik.

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cytomegalovirus
cytomegalovirus
[Kata benda]

a common herpesvirus that may cause mild to severe illness, particularly in individuals with weakened immune system, and is transmitted through bodily fluids

cytomegalovirus, CMV

cytomegalovirus, CMV

Ex: Pregnant individuals should seek prenatal care and discuss CMV testing with healthcare providers. 

Individu hamil harus mencari perawatan prenatal dan mendiskusikan tes cytomegalovirus dengan penyedia layanan kesehatan.

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epstein-barr virus
epstein-barr virus
[Kata benda]

a common herpesvirus associated with infectious mononucleosis and can cause various illnesses, transmitted through saliva

virus Epstein-Barr, EBV

virus Epstein-Barr, EBV

Ex: EBV is primarily spread through the exchange of saliva, earning it the nickname "kissing disease." 

Virus Epstein-Barr terutama menyebar melalui pertukaran air liur, sehingga dijuluki "penyakit ciuman".

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legionnaires' disease

a severe form of pneumonia caused by the bacterium Legionella, often contracted through inhaling contaminated water droplets

penyakit legionnaires

penyakit legionnaires

Ex: Public health measures involve investigating and controlling outbreaks of Legionnaires' disease in various settings. 

Tindakan kesehatan masyarakat melibatkan penyelidikan dan pengendalian wabah penyakit legionnaires' di berbagai setting.

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leptospirosis
leptospirosis
[Kata benda]

a bacterial infection transmitted through contact with contaminated water or soil, causing flu-like symptoms and potentially severe complications

leptospirosis, infeksi leptospira

leptospirosis, infeksi leptospira

Ex: Public health efforts focus on rodent control, surveillance, and educating individuals about the risks associated with leptospirosis. 

Upaya kesehatan masyarakat berfokus pada pengendalian hewan pengerat, pengawasan, dan mendidik individu tentang risiko yang terkait dengan leptospirosis.

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scarlet fever
scarlet fever
[Kata benda]

a childhood illness with a red rash, sore throat, and fever caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria

demam skarlatina

demam skarlatina

Ex: Good hygiene practices, such as regular handwashing, help prevent the spread of scarlet fever. 

Praktik kebersihan yang baik, seperti mencuci tangan secara teratur, membantu mencegah penyebaran demam berdarah.

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scrofula
scrofula
[Kata benda]

a swelling of the lymph nodes, often in the neck, caused by tuberculosis or other bacterial infections

skrofula, pembengkakan kelenjar getah bening akibat tuberkulosis

skrofula, pembengkakan kelenjar getah bening akibat tuberkulosis

Ex: Tuberculosis is a common cause of scrofula, but other chronic infections can also result in similar lymph node enlargements. 

Tuberkulosis adalah penyebab umum skrofula, tetapi infeksi kronis lainnya juga dapat mengakibatkan pembesaran kelenjar getah bening yang serupa.

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typhus
typhus
[Kata benda]

a potentially fatal disease characterized by high temperature and appearance of purple marks on the body

tifus, demam tifoid

tifus, demam tifoid

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weil's disease
weil's disease
[Kata benda]

a bacterial infection caused by the Leptospira bacteria, transmitted through contact with water or soil contaminated with the urine of infected animals

penyakit Weil, leptospirosis

penyakit Weil, leptospirosis

Ex: Timely medical attention is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment of Weil's disease. 

Perhatian medis yang tepat waktu sangat penting untuk diagnosis yang akurat dan pengobatan yang tepat dari penyakit Weil.

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yaws
yaws
[Kata benda]

a tropical bacterial infection that causes chronic skin lesions and bone deformities, primarily affecting children in impoverished regions

yaws, frambusia

yaws, frambusia

Ex: If left untreated, yaws can progress to more severe stages, involving bone and joint deformities. 

Jika tidak diobati, frambusia dapat berkembang ke tahap yang lebih parah, melibatkan kelainan bentuk tulang dan sendi.

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anthrax
anthrax
[Kata benda]

a serious bacterial disease of warm-blooded animals, particularly cattle and sheep, that can be transmitted to people by contaminated wool, raw meat, or other animal products

antraks, penyakit antraks

antraks, penyakit antraks

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toxoplasmosis
toxoplasmosis
[Kata benda]

a parasitic disease that mainly affects unborn children and is mostly transmitted through undercooked meat, soil, or cat feces

toksoplasmosis

toksoplasmosis

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dengue fever
dengue fever
[Kata benda]

a mosquito-borne viral infection causing flu-like symptoms and, in severe cases, potentially leading to hemorrhagic fever or shock

demam berdarah, dengue

demam berdarah, dengue

Ex: Travelers to regions with a high risk of dengue fever should be careful of mosquito bites. 

Para pelancong ke daerah dengan risiko tinggi demam berdarah harus berhati-hati terhadap gigitan nyamuk.

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Rocky Mountain spotted fever

a tick-borne infectious disease caused by the bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii, characterized by fever, rash, and, if untreated, potential complications involving multiple organ systems

demam berbintik Rocky Mountain, demam Rocky Mountain berbintik

demam berbintik Rocky Mountain, demam Rocky Mountain berbintik

Ex: Prompt treatment with antibiotics is essential to prevent severe outcomes in Rocky Mountain spotted fever. 

Perawatan segera dengan antibiotik sangat penting untuk mencegah hasil yang parah pada demam berbintik Rocky Mountain.

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West Nile virus
West Nile virus
[Kata benda]

a mosquito-borne virus that can cause mild to severe illness, with symptoms ranging from fever and body aches to neurological complications

virus Nil Barat, virus West Nile

virus Nil Barat, virus West Nile

Ex: Diagnosis involves blood tests to detect the presence of West Nile virus antibodies. 

Diagnosis melibatkan tes darah untuk mendeteksi keberadaan antibodi terhadap virus West Nile.

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