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Sănătate și Boală - Boli Infecțioase

Aici veți învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză legate de boli infecțioase precum "pneumonie", "varicelă" și "lepră".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
yellow fever
yellow fever
[substantiv]

a tropical viral disease, characterized by fever, muscle pain, etc. which consequently leads to jaundice and potential death, transmitted by infected mosquitoes

febră galbenă, vărsături negre

febră galbenă, vărsături negre

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tetanus
tetanus
[substantiv]

a severe infectious disease marked by painful muscle contractions, particularly that of the jaw, as a result of bacteria invading the body through cuts or wounds

tetanos

tetanos

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swine flu
swine flu
[substantiv]

a potentially fatal disease passed between humans that is caused by an influenza strain similar to swine flu in pigs

gripa porcină, influența porcină

gripa porcină, influența porcină

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smallpox
smallpox
[substantiv]

an acute infectious disease characterized by fever and skin eruption, usually leaving permanent scars

variolă, vărsat de vânt

variolă, vărsat de vânt

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scrapie
scrapie
[substantiv]

an infectious and often fatal disease that mainly affects the nervous system of sheep

scrapie, tremura

scrapie, tremura

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SARS
SARS
[substantiv]

a viral illness that primarily affects the respiratory system, causing symptoms such as fever, coughing, and breathing difficulties, and it can lead to severe illness and even death

SARS, sindromul respirator acut sever

SARS, sindromul respirator acut sever

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SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2
[substantiv]

severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, a variation of coronavirus that was first reported back in 2019

sindromul respirator acut sever coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2

sindromul respirator acut sever coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2

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pneumonia
pneumonia
[substantiv]

the infection and inflammation of air sacs in one's lungs, usually caused by a bacterial infection that makes breathing difficult

pneumonie, infecție pulmonară

pneumonie, infecție pulmonară

Ex: After recovering from pneumonia, he followed his doctor's advice to get plenty of rest and stay hydrated. 
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plague
plague
[substantiv]

a dangerous disease spread by rats that causes fever and swellings, often kills if infected

ciumă, moartea neagră

ciumă, moartea neagră

Ex: The plague, also known as the Black Death, is a deadly infectious disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis. 
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pertussis
pertussis
[substantiv]

a contagious respiratory disease often characterized by violent coughs and breathing difficulties

tuse convulsivă, tuse puternică

tuse convulsivă, tuse puternică

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meningitis
meningitis
[substantiv]

a serious infectious disease characterized by inflammation of the thin protective tissue that covers the brain and spinal cord, causing intense headaches and high temperature

meningită

meningită

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measles
measles
[substantiv]

a contagious disease that causes high fever and small red spots on the body, common in children

pojar, boala pojarului

pojar, boala pojarului

Ex: Measles is a highly contagious viral infection that primarily affects children. 
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croup
croup
[substantiv]

a common respiratory infection in children that causes swelling around the vocal cords

crup, laringită striduloasă

crup, laringită striduloasă

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Covid-19
Covid-19
[substantiv]

an infectious disease caused by a type of virus called coronavirus that causes fever, tiredness, a cough, etc., and in some cases can kill, originated in China and later became a pandemic

COVID-19, boala coronavirus 2019

COVID-19, boala coronavirus 2019

Ex: COVID-19, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, emerged as a global pandemic in early 2020. 
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common cold
common cold
[substantiv]

a viral infection causing symptoms like a runny nose, cough, and sore throat

răceală comună, răceală

răceală comună, răceală

Ex: He caught a common cold after being outside in the cold. 
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cholera
cholera
[substantiv]

a potentially fatal illness that is acquired from consumption of water or food contaminated with particular bacteria, causing diarrhea and vomiting

holeră, boala holeră

holeră, boala holeră

Ex: The village suffered a severe cholera outbreak after the water supply became contaminated. 
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chickenpox
chickenpox
[substantiv]

a contagious disease that causes a mild fever and an itchy rash with blisters, primarily affects children

varicelă, vărsat de vânt

varicelă, vărsat de vânt

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long Covid
long Covid
[substantiv]

a medical condition wherein people continue to experience COVID-19 symptoms for weeks or months after they begin to recover

Covid lung, sindromul post-Covid

Covid lung, sindromul post-Covid

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leprosy
leprosy
[substantiv]

a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacteria called Mycobacterium leprae that can affect the nerves, skin, eyes, and lining of the nose

lepră

lepră

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rubella
rubella
[substantiv]

a contagious viral illness, often occurring in children, that causes a red rash on the body as well as symptoms like fever, sore throat, and eye redness

rubeolă, pojar german

rubeolă, pojar german

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gastric flu
gastric flu
[substantiv]

an intestinal infection‌ that often causes watery diarrhea, inflammation, nausea, vomiting, or fever

gripă gastrică, gastroenterită

gripă gastrică, gastroenterită

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paratyphoid fever
paratyphoid fever
[substantiv]

a bacterial infection causing symptoms similar to typhoid fever, transmitted through contaminated food or water, and treated with antibiotics

febră paratifoidă, paratifoid

febră paratifoidă, paratifoid

Ex: Vaccines are available to prevent typhoid and, in some cases, paratyphoid fever. 
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ebola
ebola
[substantiv]

a potentially fatal disease that causes problems with how one's blood clots

Ebola, boala provocată de virusul Ebola

Ebola, boala provocată de virusul Ebola

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tonsillitis
tonsillitis
[substantiv]

an infection or inflammation of the tonsils

amigdalită, angină

amigdalită, angină

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mumps
mumps
[substantiv]

an infectious viral disease characterized by fever and the painful swelling of the neck

oreion, parotidita epidemica

oreion, parotidita epidemica

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diphtheria
diphtheria
[substantiv]

a chronic infection caused by a gram-positive bacterium and characterized by the formation of a false membrane in the air passages, particularly those of the throat

difterie, infecție difterică

difterie, infecție difterică

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influenza
influenza
[substantiv]

an infectious disease caused by a type of virus that attacks the nose, lungs, and throat

gripă

gripă

Ex: She missed work for a week after catching influenza. 
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avian flu
avian flu
[substantiv]

a type of influenza virus that rapidly spreads among birds and in rare cases, it can affect humans as well

gripa aviară, influenza aviară

gripa aviară, influenza aviară

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giardiasis
giardiasis
[substantiv]

an intestinal infection caused by the parasite Giardia lamblia, leading to symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and nausea

giardioză

giardioză

Ex: Giardiasis is not typically severe but can persist if not properly treated. 
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infectious mononucleosis

a viral infection primarily caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, leading to symptoms like extreme fatigue, sore throat, and swollen glands

mononucleoză infecțioasă, mononucleoză

mononucleoză infecțioasă, mononucleoză

Ex: Symptoms include severe fatigue, fever, sore throat, and swollen lymph nodes. 
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malaria
malaria
[substantiv]

a potentially fatal disease normally transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito

malarie

malarie

Ex: He contracted malaria during his trip to the tropical region and had to be treated immediately. 
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toxic shock syndrome

a rare, potentially life-threatening condition caused by bacterial toxins, often associated with tampon use in menstruating individuals

sindromul de șoc toxic, SST

sindromul de șoc toxic, SST

Ex: Public health campaigns aim to raise awareness about TSS and its potential triggers. 
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typhoid
typhoid
[substantiv]

a serious and potentially life-threatening disease marked by high fever, diarrhea, and red spots that appear on the chest and abdomen

febră tifoidă, tifos

febră tifoidă, tifos

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tuberculosis
tuberculosis
[substantiv]

a potentially severe bacterial disease that primarily affects the lungs and causes swellings to appear on them or other parts of the body

tuberculoză

tuberculoză

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bubonic plague
bubonic plague
[substantiv]

a highly contagious and often fatal bacterial infection characterized by painful swollen lymph nodes, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis and transmitted through the bite of infected fleas

ciumă bubonică, moartea neagră

ciumă bubonică, moartea neagră

Ex: Bubonic plague timely diagnosis through laboratory tests is crucial for effective treatment. 
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cytomegalovirus
cytomegalovirus
[substantiv]

a common herpesvirus that may cause mild to severe illness, particularly in individuals with weakened immune system, and is transmitted through bodily fluids

citomegalovirus, CMV

citomegalovirus, CMV

Ex: CMV diagnosis involves blood tests for antibodies or the virus itself. 
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epstein-barr virus
epstein-barr virus
[substantiv]

a common herpesvirus associated with infectious mononucleosis and can cause various illnesses, transmitted through saliva

virusul Epstein-Barr, EBV

virusul Epstein-Barr, EBV

Ex: Infectious mononucleosis is a common illness caused by the Epstein-Barr virus. 
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legionnaires' disease

a severe form of pneumonia caused by the bacterium Legionella, often contracted through inhaling contaminated water droplets

boala legionarilor

boala legionarilor

Ex: Legionnaires' disease is not transmitted person-to-person. 
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leptospirosis
leptospirosis
[substantiv]

a bacterial infection transmitted through contact with contaminated water or soil, causing flu-like symptoms and potentially severe complications

leptospiroză, infecție cu leptospire

leptospiroză, infecție cu leptospire

Ex: Vaccines for leptospirosis exist and may be recommended in specific high-risk situations. 
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scarlet fever
scarlet fever
[substantiv]

a childhood illness with a red rash, sore throat, and fever caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria

scarlatină

scarlatină

Ex: Prompt medical attention is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment of scarlet fever. 
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scrofula
scrofula
[substantiv]

a swelling of the lymph nodes, often in the neck, caused by tuberculosis or other bacterial infections

scrofuloză, adenită tuberculoasă

scrofuloză, adenită tuberculoasă

Ex: Scrofula was historically associated with tuberculosis, specifically the involvement of lymph nodes in the neck. 
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typhus
typhus
[substantiv]

a potentially fatal disease characterized by high temperature and appearance of purple marks on the body

tifos, febră tifoidă

tifos, febră tifoidă

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weil's disease
weil's disease
[substantiv]

a bacterial infection caused by the Leptospira bacteria, transmitted through contact with water or soil contaminated with the urine of infected animals

boala Weil, leptospiroză

boala Weil, leptospiroză

Ex: Antibiotic treatment is effective, especially when initiated early in the course of Weil's disease. 
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yaws
yaws
[substantiv]

a tropical bacterial infection that causes chronic skin lesions and bone deformities, primarily affecting children in impoverished regions

yaws, frambezie

yaws, frambezie

Ex: Public health initiatives aim to reduce the prevalence of yaws through community-based interventions. 
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anthrax
anthrax
[substantiv]

a serious bacterial disease of warm-blooded animals, particularly cattle and sheep, that can be transmitted to people by contaminated wool, raw meat, or other animal products

antrax, boala antrax

antrax, boala antrax

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toxoplasmosis
toxoplasmosis
[substantiv]

a parasitic disease that mainly affects unborn children and is mostly transmitted through undercooked meat, soil, or cat feces

toxoplasmoză

toxoplasmoză

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dengue fever
dengue fever
[substantiv]

a mosquito-borne viral infection causing flu-like symptoms and, in severe cases, potentially leading to hemorrhagic fever or shock

febra dengue, dengue

febra dengue, dengue

Ex: Dengue fever is transmitted to humans through the bites of infected Aedes mosquitoes. 
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Rocky Mountain spotted fever

a tick-borne infectious disease caused by the bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii, characterized by fever, rash, and, if untreated, potential complications involving multiple organ systems

febra peteșiată a Munților Stâncoși, febra Munților Stâncoși

febra peteșiată a Munților Stâncoși, febra Munților Stâncoși

Ex: RMSF is not limited to the Rocky Mountain region and can occur in various parts of North and South America. 
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West Nile virus
West Nile virus
[substantiv]

a mosquito-borne virus that can cause mild to severe illness, with symptoms ranging from fever and body aches to neurological complications

virusul Nilului de Vest, virusul West Nile

virusul Nilului de Vest, virusul West Nile

Ex: West Nile virus is primarily transmitted to humans through the bites of infected mosquitoes. 
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