Salud y Enfermedad - Enfermedades Infecciosas
Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con enfermedades infecciosas como "neumonía", "varicela" y "lepra".
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Cuestionario
a tropical viral disease, characterized by fever, muscle pain, etc. which consequently leads to jaundice and potential death, transmitted by infected mosquitoes

fiebre amarilla
a severe infectious disease marked by painful muscle contractions, particularly that of the jaw, as a result of bacteria invading the body through cuts or wounds

tétanos
a potentially fatal disease passed between humans that is caused by an influenza strain similar to swine flu in pigs

gripe porcina, influenza porcina
an acute infectious disease characterized by fever and skin eruption, usually leaving permanent scars

viruela
an infectious and often fatal disease that mainly affects the nervous system of sheep

tembladera
a viral illness that primarily affects the respiratory system, causing symptoms such as fever, coughing, and breathing difficulties, and it can lead to severe illness and even death

gripe aviar
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, a variation of coronavirus that was first reported back in 2019

SARS-CoV-2
the infection and inflammation of air sacs in one's lungs, usually caused by a bacterial infection that makes breathing difficult

neumonía, pulmonía
La vacunación contra patógenos comunes, como Streptococcus pneumoniae y el virus de la influenza, puede ayudar a prevenir la neumonía y reducir su gravedad si se contrae.
a dangerous disease spread by rats that causes fever and swellings, often kills if infected

plaga, peste
Los síntomas de la peste pueden incluir fiebre, escalofríos, dolor de cabeza, debilidad y ganglios linfáticos inflamados y dolorosos.
a contagious respiratory disease often characterized by violent coughs and breathing difficulties

tos ferina
a serious infectious disease characterized by inflammation of the thin protective tissue that covers the brain and spinal cord, causing intense headaches and high temperature

meningitis
a contagious disease that causes high fever and small red spots on the body, common in children

sarampión
Las complicaciones del sarampión pueden incluir neumonía, encefalitis (inflamación del cerebro) y, en casos graves, la muerte.
a common respiratory infection in children that causes swelling around the vocal cords

crup
an infectious disease caused by a type of virus called coronavirus that causes fever, tiredness, a cough, etc., and in some cases can kill, originated in China and later became a pandemic

COVID-19
La pandemia de COVID-19 ha tenido profundos impactos socioeconómicos, llevando a cambios en la atención médica, los viajes y la vida cotidiana a nivel mundial.
a viral infection causing symptoms like a runny nose, cough, and sore throat

resfriado común, resfrío común
Lávate las manos con frecuencia para evitar contraer un resfriado común.
a potentially fatal illness that is acquired from consumption of water or food contaminated with particular bacteria, causing diarrhea and vomiting

cólera
Los médicos trabajaron sin descanso para tratar a los pacientes que sufrían de cólera en la clínica improvisada.
a contagious disease that causes a mild fever and an itchy rash with blisters, primarily affects children

varicela
a medical condition wherein people continue to experience COVID-19 symptoms for weeks or months after they begin to recover

COVID-19 persistente
a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacteria called Mycobacterium leprae that can affect the nerves, skin, eyes, and lining of the nose

lepra
a contagious viral illness, often occurring in children, that causes a red rash on the body as well as symptoms like fever, sore throat, and eye redness

rubéola, rubeola
an intestinal infection that often causes watery diarrhea, inflammation, nausea, vomiting, or fever

gastroenteritis
a bacterial infection causing symptoms similar to typhoid fever, transmitted through contaminated food or water, and treated with antibiotics

fiebre paratifoidea, paratifoidea
Las personas con fiebre paratifoidea deben seguir el consejo médico, completar el tratamiento antibiótico prescrito y mantenerse hidratadas.
an infectious viral disease characterized by fever and the painful swelling of the neck

paperas, parotiditis
a chronic infection caused by a gram-positive bacterium and characterized by the formation of a false membrane in the air passages, particularly those of the throat

difteria
an infectious disease caused by a type of virus that attacks the nose, lungs, and throat

gripe
Los síntomas de la gripe incluyen fiebre, tos y dolores corporales.
a type of influenza virus that rapidly spreads among birds and in rare cases, it can affect humans as well

gripe aviar
an intestinal infection caused by the parasite Giardia lamblia, leading to symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and nausea

giardiasis
Para la prevención de la giardiasis, puedes practicar una buena higiene, especialmente al manipular alimentos y agua.
a viral infection primarily caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, leading to symptoms like extreme fatigue, sore throat, and swollen glands

mononucleosis infecciosa, mononucleosis
Las buenas prácticas de higiene, incluyendo evitar compartir utensilios y bebidas, pueden ayudar a prevenir la mononucleosis infecciosa.
a potentially fatal disease normally transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito

malaria, paludismo
El brote de malaria en el pueblo provocó una respuesta rápida de los equipos médicos.
a rare, potentially life-threatening condition caused by bacterial toxins, often associated with tampon use in menstruating individuals

síndrome de shock tóxico, SST
El síndrome de shock tóxico puede resultar de la liberación de toxinas producidas por bacterias, como Staphylococcus aureus o Streptococcus pyogenes.
a serious and potentially life-threatening disease marked by high fever, diarrhea, and red spots that appear on the chest and abdomen

tifoidea, fiebre tifoidea
a potentially severe bacterial disease that primarily affects the lungs and causes swellings to appear on them or other parts of the body

tuberculosis
a highly contagious and often fatal bacterial infection characterized by painful swollen lymph nodes, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis and transmitted through the bite of infected fleas

peste bubónica, peste negra
Los síntomas de la peste bubónica incluyen fiebre, escalofríos, debilidad y la aparición distintiva de ganglios linfáticos dolorosos e hinchados.
a common herpesvirus that may cause mild to severe illness, particularly in individuals with weakened immune system, and is transmitted through bodily fluids

citomegalovirus, virus citomegálico
La educación y la concienciación juegan un papel en la prevención de la transmisión del citomegalovirus, especialmente en entornos sanitarios.
a common herpesvirus associated with infectious mononucleosis and can cause various illnesses, transmitted through saliva

virus de Epstein-Barr, virus EBV
Después de la infección inicial, el virus de Epstein-Barr puede permanecer latente en el cuerpo y reactivarse sin causar síntomas en la mayoría de los casos.
a severe form of pneumonia caused by the bacterium Legionella, often contracted through inhaling contaminated water droplets

la enfermedad del legionario
El monitoreo y las pruebas regulares de los sistemas de agua en entornos de alto riesgo son cruciales para prevenir la enfermedad del legionario.
a bacterial infection transmitted through contact with contaminated water or soil, causing flu-like symptoms and potentially severe complications

leptospirosis, infección por leptospiras
Las actividades al aire libre como la agricultura, el camping o los deportes acuáticos pueden representar un mayor riesgo de exposición a la leptospirosis (una infección bacteriana transmitida por contacto con agua o suelo contaminado, que causa síntomas similares a los de la gripe y complicaciones potencialmente graves).
a childhood illness with a red rash, sore throat, and fever caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria

fiebre escarlata
Los casos no tratados de escarlatina pueden provocar complicaciones como fiebre reumática o problemas renales.
a swelling of the lymph nodes, often in the neck, caused by tuberculosis or other bacterial infections

escrófula, adenitis tuberculosa
La asociación histórica entre la escrófula y la tuberculosis refleja la evolución del conocimiento médico y la terminología.
a potentially fatal disease characterized by high temperature and appearance of purple marks on the body

tifus
a bacterial infection caused by the Leptospira bacteria, transmitted through contact with water or soil contaminated with the urine of infected animals

la enfermedad de Weil, la leptospirosis
Las personas que realizan actividades como la agricultura, la natación o los deportes acuáticos pueden tener un mayor riesgo de enfermedad de Weil.
a tropical bacterial infection that causes chronic skin lesions and bone deformities, primarily affecting children in impoverished regions

pian, frambesia
La pian es más común en los niños, y el tratamiento inmediato es esencial para prevenir complicaciones a largo plazo.
a serious bacterial disease of warm-blooded animals, particularly cattle and sheep, that can be transmitted to people by contaminated wool, raw meat, or other animal products

ántrax, carbunco
a parasitic disease that mainly affects unborn children and is mostly transmitted through undercooked meat, soil, or cat feces

toxoplasmosis
a mosquito-borne viral infection causing flu-like symptoms and, in severe cases, potentially leading to hemorrhagic fever or shock

fiebre del dengue, dengue
Las investigaciones y los esfuerzos de control de vectores contribuyen a los esfuerzos globales para reducir el impacto del dengue.
a tick-borne infectious disease caused by the bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii, characterized by fever, rash, and, if untreated, potential complications involving multiple organ systems

fiebre maculosa de las Montañas Rocosas, fiebre manchada de las Montañas Rocosas
Los primeros síntomas de la fiebre maculosa de las Montañas Rocosas pueden incluir fiebre, dolor de cabeza y dolores musculares.
a mosquito-borne virus that can cause mild to severe illness, with symptoms ranging from fever and body aches to neurological complications

virus del Nilo Occidental, virus West Nile
El virus del Nilo Occidental está presente en varias regiones del mundo, con brotes periódicos en las áreas afectadas.
