Santé et Maladie - Maladies Infectieuses
Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais liés aux maladies infectieuses comme "pneumonie", "varicelle" et "lèpre".
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a tropical viral disease, characterized by fever, muscle pain, etc. which consequently leads to jaundice and potential death, transmitted by infected mosquitoes
fièvre jaune
a severe infectious disease marked by painful muscle contractions, particularly that of the jaw, as a result of bacteria invading the body through cuts or wounds
tétanos
a potentially fatal disease passed between humans that is caused by an influenza strain similar to swine flu in pigs
grippe porcine
an acute infectious disease characterized by fever and skin eruption, usually leaving permanent scars
variole
an infectious and often fatal disease that mainly affects the nervous system of sheep
tremblante du mouton
a viral illness that primarily affects the respiratory system, causing symptoms such as fever, coughing, and breathing difficulties, and it can lead to severe illness and even death
SRAS
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, a variation of coronavirus that was first reported back in 2019
SARS-CoV-2
the infection and inflammation of air sacs in one's lungs, usually caused by a bacterial infection that makes breathing difficult
pneumonie
L'hôpital l'a admise pour traitement après qu'elle a développé des symptômes sévères de pneumonie, incluant une forte fièvre et des difficultés respiratoires.
a dangerous disease spread by rats that causes fever and swellings, often kills if infected
peste
a contagious respiratory disease often characterized by violent coughs and breathing difficulties
coqueluche
a serious infectious disease characterized by inflammation of the thin protective tissue that covers the brain and spinal cord, causing intense headaches and high temperature
méningite
a contagious disease that causes high fever and small red spots on the body, common in children
rougeole
Les symptômes de la rougeole comprennent une forte fièvre, une toux, un écoulement nasal et une éruption cutanée rouge caractéristique.
a common respiratory infection in children that causes swelling around the vocal cords
croup
an infectious disease caused by a type of virus called coronavirus that causes fever, tiredness, a cough, etc., and in some cases can kill, originated in China and later became a pandemic
Covid-19
Les symptômes du COVID-19 peuvent aller de problèmes respiratoires légers à une pneumonie sévère et un syndrome de détresse respiratoire aiguë (SDRA).
a viral infection causing symptoms like a runny nose, cough, and sore throat
rhume
Un rhume peut vous faire sentir fatigué et congestionné.
a potentially fatal illness that is acquired from consumption of water or food contaminated with particular bacteria, causing diarrhea and vomiting
choléra
Les responsables de la santé se sont précipités pour contenir l'épidémie de choléra et fournir de l'eau potable aux zones touchées.
a contagious disease that causes a mild fever and an itchy rash with blisters, primarily affects children
varicelle
a medical condition wherein people continue to experience COVID-19 symptoms for weeks or months after they begin to recover
COVID, Covid
a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacteria called Mycobacterium leprae that can affect the nerves, skin, eyes, and lining of the nose
lèpre
a contagious viral illness, often occurring in children, that causes a red rash on the body as well as symptoms like fever, sore throat, and eye redness
rubéole
an intestinal infection that often causes watery diarrhea, inflammation, nausea, vomiting, or fever
grippe intestinale
a bacterial infection causing symptoms similar to typhoid fever, transmitted through contaminated food or water, and treated with antibiotics
fièvre paratyphoïde, paratyphoïde
La fièvre paratyphoïde est transmise par des aliments ou de l'eau contaminés, comme la fièvre typhoïde.
an infectious viral disease characterized by fever and the painful swelling of the neck
oreillons
a chronic infection caused by a gram-positive bacterium and characterized by the formation of a false membrane in the air passages, particularly those of the throat
diphtérie
an infectious disease caused by a type of virus that attacks the nose, lungs, and throat
grippe
La grippe se propage rapidement dans les écoles pendant l'hiver.
a type of influenza virus that rapidly spreads among birds and in rare cases, it can affect humans as well
grippe aviaire
an intestinal infection caused by the parasite Giardia lamblia, leading to symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and nausea
giardiase
La giardiase est généralement contractée en ingérant de la nourriture ou de l'eau contaminée.
a viral infection primarily caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, leading to symptoms like extreme fatigue, sore throat, and swollen glands
mononucléose infectieuse, mononucléose
La mononucléose infectieuse est généralement spontanément résolutive, les symptômes s'améliorant en quelques semaines.
a potentially fatal disease normally transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito
malaria
L'organisation de santé a distribué des moustiquaires pour aider à prévenir la propagation du paludisme.
a rare, potentially life-threatening condition caused by bacterial toxins, often associated with tampon use in menstruating individuals
syndrome de choc toxique, SCT
Le traitement du syndrome de choc toxique comprend l'hospitalisation, les soins de soutien et les antibiotiques intraveineux.
a serious and potentially life-threatening disease marked by high fever, diarrhea, and red spots that appear on the chest and abdomen
typhoïde
a potentially severe bacterial disease that primarily affects the lungs and causes swellings to appear on them or other parts of the body
tuberculose
a highly contagious and often fatal bacterial infection characterized by painful swollen lymph nodes, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis and transmitted through the bite of infected fleas
peste bubonique, peste noire
La peste bubonique peut évoluer vers des formes plus graves si elle n'est pas traitée.
a common herpesvirus that may cause mild to severe illness, particularly in individuals with weakened immune system, and is transmitted through bodily fluids
cytomegalovirus, cytomégalovirus
Propagé par les fluides corporels, le cytomegalovirus peut rester dormant à vie chez la plupart des individus infectés.
a common herpesvirus associated with infectious mononucleosis and can cause various illnesses, transmitted through saliva
virus d'Epstein-Barr, virus EBV
Le diagnostic du virus d'Epstein-Barr implique souvent des analyses de sang pour détecter des anticorps spécifiques liés au virus.
a severe form of pneumonia caused by the bacterium Legionella, often contracted through inhaling contaminated water droplets
la légionellose
La maladie des légionnaires se présente avec des symptômes comme une forte fièvre, une toux et un essoufflement.
a bacterial infection transmitted through contact with contaminated water or soil, causing flu-like symptoms and potentially severe complications
leptospirose, infection à leptospires
Les symptômes peuvent inclure de la fièvre, des maux de tête, des douleurs musculaires et, dans les cas graves, une défaillance organique.
a childhood illness with a red rash, sore throat, and fever caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria
scarlatine
L'éruption cutanée dans la scarlatine commence généralement sur la poitrine et se propage à d'autres parties du corps.
a swelling of the lymph nodes, often in the neck, caused by tuberculosis or other bacterial infections
scrofule, adénite tuberculeuse
Dans le passé, on pensait que l'écrouelles pouvait être guérie par le toucher d'un monarque, ce qui a conduit au terme "mal du roi".
a potentially fatal disease characterized by high temperature and appearance of purple marks on the body
typhus
a bacterial infection caused by the Leptospira bacteria, transmitted through contact with water or soil contaminated with the urine of infected animals
la maladie de Weil, la leptospirose
La maladie de Weil est souvent contractée lors d'activités de plein air dans des zones où les sources d'eau sont contaminées.
a tropical bacterial infection that causes chronic skin lesions and bone deformities, primarily affecting children in impoverished regions
pian, frambésie
Le pian est endémique dans les régions tropicales, en particulier dans certaines parties de l'Afrique, de l'Asie et du Pacifique.
a serious bacterial disease of warm-blooded animals, particularly cattle and sheep, that can be transmitted to people by contaminated wool, raw meat, or other animal products
charbon
a parasitic disease that mainly affects unborn children and is mostly transmitted through undercooked meat, soil, or cat feces
toxoplasmose
a mosquito-borne viral infection causing flu-like symptoms and, in severe cases, potentially leading to hemorrhagic fever or shock
fièvre dengue, dengue
Les symptômes de la fièvre dengue comprennent l'apparition soudaine d'une forte fièvre, de graves maux de tête, etc.
a tick-borne infectious disease caused by the bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii, characterized by fever, rash, and, if untreated, potential complications involving multiple organ systems
fièvre pourprée des montagnes Rocheuses, fièvre à tiques des montagnes Rocheuses
La recherche en cours vise à améliorer la sensibilisation du public concernant la fièvre pourprée des montagnes Rocheuses.
a mosquito-borne virus that can cause mild to severe illness, with symptoms ranging from fever and body aches to neurological complications
virus du Nil occidental, virus West Nile
La plupart des individus infectés par le virus du Nil occidental peuvent présenter des symptômes bénins.
