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Hälsa och Sjukdom - Infektionssjukdomar

Här kommer du att lära dig några engelska ord relaterade till infektionssjukdomar som "lunginflammation", "vattkoppor" och "spetälska".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
yellow fever
yellow fever
[Substantiv]

a tropical viral disease, characterized by fever, muscle pain, etc. which consequently leads to jaundice and potential death, transmitted by infected mosquitoes

gul feber, svart kräkning

gul feber, svart kräkning

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tetanus
tetanus
[Substantiv]

a severe infectious disease marked by painful muscle contractions, particularly that of the jaw, as a result of bacteria invading the body through cuts or wounds

stelkramp

stelkramp

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swine flu
swine flu
[Substantiv]

a potentially fatal disease passed between humans that is caused by an influenza strain similar to swine flu in pigs

svininfluensa, svinpest

svininfluensa, svinpest

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smallpox
smallpox
[Substantiv]

an acute infectious disease characterized by fever and skin eruption, usually leaving permanent scars

smittkoppor, variola

smittkoppor, variola

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scrapie
scrapie
[Substantiv]

an infectious and often fatal disease that mainly affects the nervous system of sheep

skrapesjuka, scrapie

skrapesjuka, scrapie

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SARS
SARS
[Substantiv]

a viral illness that primarily affects the respiratory system, causing symptoms such as fever, coughing, and breathing difficulties, and it can lead to severe illness and even death

SARS, allvarlig akut respiratorisk sjukdom

SARS, allvarlig akut respiratorisk sjukdom

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SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2
[Substantiv]

severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, a variation of coronavirus that was first reported back in 2019

allvarlig akut respiratorisk syndrom coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2

allvarlig akut respiratorisk syndrom coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2

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pneumonia
pneumonia
[Substantiv]

the infection and inflammation of air sacs in one's lungs, usually caused by a bacterial infection that makes breathing difficult

lunginflammation, lunghinfektion

lunginflammation, lunghinfektion

Ex: The doctor prescribed antibiotics to treat the bacterial pneumonia infection and recommended supportive care to alleviate symptoms. 

Läkaren ordinerade antibiotika för att behandla den bakteriella lunginflammation-infektionen och rekommenderade stödjande vård för att lindra symtomen.

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plague
plague
[Substantiv]

a dangerous disease spread by rats that causes fever and swellings, often kills if infected

pesten, den svarta döden

pesten, den svarta döden

Ex: Historical outbreaks of the plague have had devastating consequences, including widespread mortality during pandemics such as the Black Death in the 14th century. 
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pertussis
pertussis
[Substantiv]

a contagious respiratory disease often characterized by violent coughs and breathing difficulties

kikhosta, våldsam hosta

kikhosta, våldsam hosta

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meningitis
meningitis
[Substantiv]

a serious infectious disease characterized by inflammation of the thin protective tissue that covers the brain and spinal cord, causing intense headaches and high temperature

meningit

meningit

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measles
measles
[Substantiv]

a contagious disease that causes high fever and small red spots on the body, common in children

mässling, mässlingssjukdom

mässling, mässlingssjukdom

Ex: Vaccination with the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine is highly effective in preventing measles. 

Vaccination med vaccin mot mässling, påssjuka och röda hund (MPR) är mycket effektiv för att förebygga mässling.

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croup
croup
[Substantiv]

a common respiratory infection in children that causes swelling around the vocal cords

krup, pseudokrup

krup, pseudokrup

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Covid-19
Covid-19
[Substantiv]

an infectious disease caused by a type of virus called coronavirus that causes fever, tiredness, a cough, etc., and in some cases can kill, originated in China and later became a pandemic

COVID-19, coronasjukan 2019

COVID-19, coronasjukan 2019

Ex: Vaccines have been developed and distributed worldwide to combat COVID-19 and reduce its impact on public health. 

Vacciner har utvecklats och distribuerats över hela världen för att bekämpa COVID-19 och minska dess inverkan på den allmänna hälsan.

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common cold
common cold
[Substantiv]

a viral infection causing symptoms like a runny nose, cough, and sore throat

förkylning, vanlig förkylning

förkylning, vanlig förkylning

Ex: Drinking plenty of water helps when you have a common cold. 

Att dricka mycket vatten hjälper när du har en förkylning.

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cholera
cholera
[Substantiv]

a potentially fatal illness that is acquired from consumption of water or food contaminated with particular bacteria, causing diarrhea and vomiting

kolera, kolerasjukdom

kolera, kolerasjukdom

Ex: The cholera outbreak highlighted the need for better sanitation and hygiene practices. 

Utbrottet av kolera belyste behovet av bättre sanitet och hygienpraxis.

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chickenpox
chickenpox
[Substantiv]

a contagious disease that causes a mild fever and an itchy rash with blisters, primarily affects children

vattkoppor, varicella

vattkoppor, varicella

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long Covid
long Covid
[Substantiv]

a medical condition wherein people continue to experience COVID-19 symptoms for weeks or months after they begin to recover

lång Covid, post-Covid-syndrom

lång Covid, post-Covid-syndrom

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leprosy
leprosy
[Substantiv]

a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacteria called Mycobacterium leprae that can affect the nerves, skin, eyes, and lining of the nose

lepra

lepra

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rubella
rubella
[Substantiv]

a contagious viral illness, often occurring in children, that causes a red rash on the body as well as symptoms like fever, sore throat, and eye redness

röda hund, tysk mässling

röda hund, tysk mässling

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gastric flu
gastric flu
[Substantiv]

an intestinal infection‌ that often causes watery diarrhea, inflammation, nausea, vomiting, or fever

magsjuka, gastroenterit

magsjuka, gastroenterit

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paratyphoid fever
paratyphoid fever
[Substantiv]

a bacterial infection causing symptoms similar to typhoid fever, transmitted through contaminated food or water, and treated with antibiotics

paratyfoid feber, paratyfoid

paratyfoid feber, paratyfoid

Ex: Early detection and prompt medical intervention contribute to successful recovery from paratyphoid fever. 

Tidig upptäckt och snabb medicinsk intervention bidrar till en framgångsrik återhämtning från paratyfoid feber.

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ebola
ebola
[Substantiv]

a potentially fatal disease that causes problems with how one's blood clots

Ebola, Ebolavirus sjukdom

Ebola, Ebolavirus sjukdom

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tonsillitis
tonsillitis
[Substantiv]

an infection or inflammation of the tonsils

tonsillit, halsfluss

tonsillit, halsfluss

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mumps
mumps
[Substantiv]

an infectious viral disease characterized by fever and the painful swelling of the neck

påssjuka, epidemisk parotit

påssjuka, epidemisk parotit

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diphtheria
diphtheria
[Substantiv]

a chronic infection caused by a gram-positive bacterium and characterized by the formation of a false membrane in the air passages, particularly those of the throat

difteri, difteriinfektion

difteri, difteriinfektion

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influenza
influenza
[Substantiv]

an infectious disease caused by a type of virus that attacks the nose, lungs, and throat

influensa

influensa

Ex: Annual vaccines help protect people from severe influenza. 

Årliga vacciner hjälper till att skydda människor från allvarlig influensa.

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avian flu
avian flu
[Substantiv]

a type of influenza virus that rapidly spreads among birds and in rare cases, it can affect humans as well

fågelinfluensa, aviär influensa

fågelinfluensa, aviär influensa

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giardiasis
giardiasis
[Substantiv]

an intestinal infection caused by the parasite Giardia lamblia, leading to symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and nausea

giardiasis

giardiasis

Ex: Early detection and prompt treatment contribute to a faster resolution of giardiasis symptoms. 

Tidig upptäckt och omedelbar behandling bidrar till en snabbare lösning av giardiasis-symptom.

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infectious mononucleosis

a viral infection primarily caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, leading to symptoms like extreme fatigue, sore throat, and swollen glands

infektiös mononukleos, mononukleos

infektiös mononukleos, mononukleos

Ex: Infectious mononucleosis is most common in teenagers and young adults but can occur at any age. 

Infektiös mononukleos är vanligast hos tonåringar och unga vuxna men kan förekomma i vilken ålder som helst.

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malaria
malaria
[Substantiv]

a potentially fatal disease normally transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito

malaria

malaria

Ex: Many efforts have been made to develop a vaccine to protect against malaria. 

Många ansträngningar har gjorts för att utveckla ett vaccin för att skydda mot malaria.

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toxic shock syndrome

a rare, potentially life-threatening condition caused by bacterial toxins, often associated with tampon use in menstruating individuals

toxiskt chocksyndrom, TCS

toxiskt chocksyndrom, TCS

Ex: Toxic shock syndrome symptoms may include sudden high fever, a sunburn-like rash, and low blood pressure. 

Symtomen på toxiskt chocksyndrom kan inkludera plötslig hög feber, ett solbrännliknande utslag och lågt blodtryck.

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typhoid
typhoid
[Substantiv]

a serious and potentially life-threatening disease marked by high fever, diarrhea, and red spots that appear on the chest and abdomen

tyfoidfeber, tyfus

tyfoidfeber, tyfus

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tuberculosis
tuberculosis
[Substantiv]

a potentially severe bacterial disease that primarily affects the lungs and causes swellings to appear on them or other parts of the body

tuberkulos

tuberkulos

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bubonic plague
bubonic plague
[Substantiv]

a highly contagious and often fatal bacterial infection characterized by painful swollen lymph nodes, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis and transmitted through the bite of infected fleas

böldpest, svarta döden

böldpest, svarta döden

Ex: Bubonic plague historically caused devastating pandemics, such as the Black Death in the 14th century. 

Böldpest har historiskt orsakat förödande pandemier, som den svarta döden på 1300-talet.

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cytomegalovirus
cytomegalovirus
[Substantiv]

a common herpesvirus that may cause mild to severe illness, particularly in individuals with weakened immune system, and is transmitted through bodily fluids

cytomegalovirus, CMV

cytomegalovirus, CMV

Ex: Treatment is typically not required for cytomegalovirus in healthy individuals with mild or no symptoms. 

Behandling krävs vanligtvis inte för cytomegalovirus hos friska individer med milda eller inga symptom.

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epstein-barr virus
epstein-barr virus
[Substantiv]

a common herpesvirus associated with infectious mononucleosis and can cause various illnesses, transmitted through saliva

Epstein-Barr-virus, EBV

Epstein-Barr-virus, EBV

Ex: Severe complications may arise if EBV reactivates in individuals with weakened immune systems. 

Allvarliga komplikationer kan uppstå om Epstein-Barr-viruset reaktiveras hos personer med försvagat immunsystem.

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legionnaires' disease

a severe form of pneumonia caused by the bacterium Legionella, often contracted through inhaling contaminated water droplets

legionärssjuka

legionärssjuka

Ex: Awareness and education about the risks of Legionella in water systems contribute to prevention of Legionnaires' disease. 

Medvetenhet och utbildning om riskerna med Legionella i vattensystem bidrar till att förebygga legionärssjukan.

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leptospirosis
leptospirosis
[Substantiv]

a bacterial infection transmitted through contact with contaminated water or soil, causing flu-like symptoms and potentially severe complications

leptospiros, leptospirainfektion

leptospiros, leptospirainfektion

Ex: Awareness of environmental risk factors and prompt medical attention contribute to the prevention of leptospirosis. 

Medvetenhet om miljörisker och snabb medicinsk vård bidrar till förebyggande av leptospiros.

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scarlet fever
scarlet fever
[Substantiv]

a childhood illness with a red rash, sore throat, and fever caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria

scharlakansfeber

scharlakansfeber

Ex: While scarlet fever was once a serious illness, it is now generally treatable with antibiotics. 

Medan scharlakansfeber en gång var en allvarlig sjukdom, är den nu generellt behandlingsbar med antibiotika.

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scrofula
scrofula
[Substantiv]

a swelling of the lymph nodes, often in the neck, caused by tuberculosis or other bacterial infections

skrofulos, tuberkulös lymfadenit

skrofulos, tuberkulös lymfadenit

Ex: Scrofula may be an indicator of an underlying health condition, and comprehensive medical evaluation is recommended. 

Skrofulos kan vara en indikator på ett underliggande hälsotillstånd, och en omfattande medicinsk utvärdering rekommenderas.

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typhus
typhus
[Substantiv]

a potentially fatal disease characterized by high temperature and appearance of purple marks on the body

tyfus, tyfoidfeber

tyfus, tyfoidfeber

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weil's disease
weil's disease
[Substantiv]

a bacterial infection caused by the Leptospira bacteria, transmitted through contact with water or soil contaminated with the urine of infected animals

Weils sjukdom, leptospiros

Weils sjukdom, leptospiros

Ex: Vaccines for leptospirosis, the bacteria causing Weil's disease, may be recommended in specific high-risk situations. 

Vacciner mot leptospiros, bakterien som orsakar Weils sjukdom, kan rekommenderas i specifika högrisk situationer.

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yaws
yaws
[Substantiv]

a tropical bacterial infection that causes chronic skin lesions and bone deformities, primarily affecting children in impoverished regions

yaws, frambesi

yaws, frambesi

Ex: Antibiotic treatment, such as penicillin, is effective in curing yaws and preventing its progression. 

Antibiotikabehandling, såsom penicillin, är effektiv för att bota frambesi och förhindra dess progression.

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anthrax
anthrax
[Substantiv]

a serious bacterial disease of warm-blooded animals, particularly cattle and sheep, that can be transmitted to people by contaminated wool, raw meat, or other animal products

mjältbrand, anthrax

mjältbrand, anthrax

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toxoplasmosis
toxoplasmosis
[Substantiv]

a parasitic disease that mainly affects unborn children and is mostly transmitted through undercooked meat, soil, or cat feces

toxoplasmos

toxoplasmos

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dengue fever
dengue fever
[Substantiv]

a mosquito-borne viral infection causing flu-like symptoms and, in severe cases, potentially leading to hemorrhagic fever or shock

denguefeber, dengue

denguefeber, dengue

Ex: Public health campaigns educate communities on preventing dengue fever. 

Folkhälsokampanjer utbildar samhällen om att förebygga denguefeber.

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Rocky Mountain spotted fever

a tick-borne infectious disease caused by the bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii, characterized by fever, rash, and, if untreated, potential complications involving multiple organ systems

fläckfeber från Rocky Mountains, Rocky Mountain fläckfeber

fläckfeber från Rocky Mountains, Rocky Mountain fläckfeber

Ex: Early diagnosis of RMSF through clinical evaluation and laboratory tests is crucial for treatment. 

Tidig diagnos av Rocky Mountain fläckfeber genom klinisk utvärdering och laboratorietester är avgörande för behandlingen.

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West Nile virus
West Nile virus
[Substantiv]

a mosquito-borne virus that can cause mild to severe illness, with symptoms ranging from fever and body aches to neurological complications

Västnilvirus, West Nile-virus

Västnilvirus, West Nile-virus

Ex: There is no specific antiviral treatment for West Nile virus. 

Det finns ingen specifik antiviral behandling för West Nile-virus.

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