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Vocabolario Essenziale per il TOEFL - Geografia

Qui imparerai alcune parole inglesi sulla geografia, come "tropico", "collinoso", "pendio", ecc., che sono necessarie per l'esame TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
geology
geology
[sostantivo]

a field of science that studies the structure of the earth and its history

geologia

geologia

Ex: Understanding the principles of geology helps predict earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. 

Comprendere i principi della geologia aiuta a prevedere terremoti ed eruzioni vulcaniche.

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hemisphere
hemisphere
[sostantivo]

one of the two halves of the Earth, separated by the equator or a meridian

emisfero

emisfero

Ex: The Earth's hemispheres have different weather patterns due to their locations. 

Gli emisferi della Terra hanno modelli meteorologici diversi a causa delle loro posizioni.

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altitude
altitude
[sostantivo]

the distance between an object or point and sea level

altitudine

altitudine

Ex: Meteorologists study altitude variations to understand atmospheric pressure changes. 

I meteorologi studiano le variazioni di altitudine per comprendere i cambiamenti della pressione atmosferica.

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latitude
latitude
[sostantivo]

an imaginary horizontal circle around the Earth parallel to the equator, used to measure north-south position

latitudine

latitudine

Ex: Latitude coordinates are paired with longitude to specify locations. 

Le coordinate di latitudine sono abbinate alla longitudine per specificare le posizioni.

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continental
continental
[aggettivo]

of, relating to, or characteristic of a continent

continentale

continentale

Ex: Geologists examined changes along the continental margin. 
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longitude
longitude
[sostantivo]

the distance of a point east or west of the meridian at Greenwich that is measured in degrees

longitudine

longitudine

Ex: Time zones are determined based on lines of longitude around the globe. 

I fusi orari sono determinati in base alle linee di longitudine intorno al globo.

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tropic
tropic
[sostantivo]

either of the two imaginary lines around the Earth located about 23° north and south of the equator

tropic

tropic

Ex: Many deserts are found along the tropic due to global weather patterns. 

Molti deserti si trovano lungo il tropico a causa dei modelli meteorologici globali.

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tropical
tropical
[aggettivo]

of, relating to, or characteristic of the hot regions around the equator

tropicale

tropicale

Ex: Tropical diseases remain a major health concern in some regions. 
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horizon
horizon
[sostantivo]

the apparent line in the distance where the sky seems to meet the land or sea

orizzonte

orizzonte

Ex: From the beach, the horizon stretched across the calm blue sea. 
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equator
equator
[sostantivo]

a hypothetical line around the Earth that divides it into Northern and Southern hemispheres

equatore

equatore

Ex: The equator plays a key role in global climate patterns. 

L'equatore svolge un ruolo chiave nei modelli climatici globali.

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peninsula
peninsula
[sostantivo]

a large body of land that is partially surrounded by water but is attached to a larger area of land

penisola

penisola

Ex: The Arabian Peninsula is a vast desert region rich in oil and cultural history, bordered by several bodies of water, including the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf. 

La penisola arabica è una vasta regione desertica ricca di petrolio e storia culturale, delimitata da diversi specchi d'acqua, tra cui il Mar Rosso e il Golfo Persico.

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highland
highland
[sostantivo]

land with mountains or hills

regione montuosa

regione montuosa

Ex: The Scottish Highlands boast breathtaking landscapes of rugged mountains, pristine lochs, and rolling hills. 

Le Highlands scozzesi vantano paesaggi mozzafiato di montagne aspre, laghi incontaminati e colline ondulate.

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inland
inland
[aggettivo]

located away from the coast

interno, verso l’interno

interno, verso l’interno

Ex: The inland regions experience hotter temperatures compared to coastal areas. 

Le regioni interne sperimentano temperature più calde rispetto alle zone costiere.

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hilly
hilly
[aggettivo]

having many hills

collinoso

collinoso

Ex: The hilly roads can be dangerous during the rainy season. 

Le strade collinari possono essere pericolose durante la stagione delle piogge.

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terrain
terrain
[sostantivo]

an area of land, particularly in reference to its physical or natural features

terreno

terreno

Ex: Farmers adapted their cultivation techniques to suit the varying terrain of their land, employing terracing on slopes and irrigation systems in low-lying areas to optimize agricultural productivity. 

Gli agricoltori hanno adattato le loro tecniche di coltivazione per adattarsi al terreno variabile delle loro terre, impiegando terrazzamenti sui pendii e sistemi di irrigazione nelle zone basse per ottimizzare la produttività agricola.

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slope
slope
[sostantivo]

the inclined side of a hill, mountain, or valley

pendio

pendio

Ex: Trees grow thickly on the lower slopes of the hill. 
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pole
pole
[sostantivo]

either of the two points at the northern and southern ends of Earth's axis of rotation

Polo Nord/Sud

Polo Nord/Sud

Ex: Scientists conduct research in regions close to the poles. 
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ravine
ravine
[sostantivo]

a deep narrow valley with steep sides, usually worn by a stream

burrone

burrone

Ex: Geologists study the formation of ravines to understand how water shapes the Earth's surface over millennia. 

I geologi studiano la formazione dei burroni per capire come l'acqua modella la superficie terrestre nel corso dei millenni.

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branch
branch
[sostantivo]

a smaller part of a river that is separated from the main and larger part

ramo

ramo

Ex: The bridge spanned the branch of the river, providing a scenic view of the surrounding landscape. 
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current
current
[sostantivo]

the flow or movement of water or a liquid in a specific direction

attuale

attuale

Ex: The ocean current carried the boat farther out to sea than they had anticipated. 
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tide
tide
[sostantivo]

the regular rise and fall of sea level caused mainly by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun

marea

marea

Ex: The rising tide covered the sand within an hour. 
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gulf
gulf
[sostantivo]

an area of sea that is partly surrounded by land, with a narrow opening

golfo

golfo

Ex: The boat was anchored in a quiet gulf. 
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coastal
coastal
[aggettivo]

related to or situated along the coast, the area where land meets the sea

costiero

costiero

Ex: Coastal communities often rely on fishing and tourism for economic livelihood. 

Le comunità costiere spesso dipendono dalla pesca e dal turismo per il sostentamento economico.

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crater
crater
[sostantivo]

the round top of a volcano

cratere

cratere

Ex: The volcanic crater was filled with lava that glowed orange at night. 

Il cratere vulcanico era pieno di lava che di notte brillava di arancione.

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lava
lava
[sostantivo]

a substance from the inner layers of the earth which is erupted out of a volcanic mountain

lava

lava

Ex: Scientists study lava samples to understand the composition of the Earth's interior. 

Gli scienziati studiano campioni di lava per comprendere la composizione dell'interno della Terra.

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iceberg
iceberg
[sostantivo]

a very large floating piece of ice

iceberg

iceberg

Ex: The expedition team carefully navigated their ship around the towering iceberg. 

La squadra di spedizione ha navigato con attenzione la loro nave intorno all'imponente iceberg.

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glacier
glacier
[sostantivo]

a large mass of ice that forms over long periods of time, especially in polar regions or high mountains

ghiacciaio

ghiacciaio

Ex: The farm uses renewable energy to power its operations. 

L'azienda agricola utilizza energia rinnovabile per alimentare le sue operazioni.

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canyon
canyon
[sostantivo]

a valley that is deep and has very steep sides, through which a river is flowing usually

canyon

canyon

Ex: They set up camp near the bottom of the canyon. 

Hanno allestito il campo vicino al fondo del canyon.

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reef
reef
[sostantivo]

a ridge of rock or a line of sand near the surface of a body of water

scogliera

scogliera

Ex: Maps showed a dangerous reef along the coastline. 

Le mappe mostravano una pericolosa barriera corallina lungo la costa.

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coral reef
coral reef
[sostantivo]

a natural underwater structure formed by coral

barriera corallina

barriera corallina

Ex: Coral reefs are often called the rainforests of the sea. 

Le barriere coralline sono spesso chiamate le foreste pluviali del mare.

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pond
pond
[sostantivo]

a small area of still water, smaller than a lake and often artificially made

stagno

stagno

Ex: Fish live among the plants at the bottom of the pond. 
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marine
marine
[aggettivo]

of, relating to, found in, or living in the sea

marino

marino

Ex: Scientists collected marine sediments from the ocean floor. 
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peak
peak
[sostantivo]

the pointed top of a mountain

cima

cima

Ex: The mountain's peak was often shrouded in clouds, giving it a mysterious appearance. 
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