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Vocabolario Essenziale per il TOEFL - Geografia

Qui imparerai alcune parole inglesi sulla geografia, come "tropico", "collinoso", "pendio", ecc., che sono necessarie per l'esame TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
geology
[sostantivo]

a field of science that studies the structure of the earth and its history

geologia

geologia

Ex: Studying geology reveals the history of our planet , from the formation of continents to the evolution of life .Lo studio della **geologia** rivela la storia del nostro pianeta, dalla formazione dei continenti all'evoluzione della vita.
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hemisphere
[sostantivo]

one of the two halves of the Earth, separated by the equator or a meridian

emisfero

emisfero

Ex: The Earth 's hemispheres have different weather patterns due to their locations .Gli **emisferi** della Terra hanno modelli meteorologici diversi a causa delle loro posizioni.
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altitude
[sostantivo]

the distance between an object or point and sea level

altitudine

altitudine

Ex: Meteorologists study altitude variations to understand atmospheric pressure changes .I meteorologi studiano le variazioni di **altitudine** per comprendere i cambiamenti della pressione atmosferica.
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latitude
[sostantivo]

the distance of a point north or south of the equator that is measured in degrees

latitudine

latitudine

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continental
[aggettivo]

relating to or characteristic of any continent

continentale

continentale

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longitude
[sostantivo]

the distance of a point east or west of the meridian at Greenwich that is measured in degrees

longitudine

longitudine

Ex: Time zones are determined based on lines of longitude around the globe.I fusi orari sono determinati in base alle linee di **longitudine** intorno al globo.
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tropic
[sostantivo]

each of the two parallel and imaginary lines around the earth that is 23°26ʹ south or north of the equator

tropic

tropic

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tropical
[aggettivo]

associated with or characteristic of the tropics, regions of the Earth near the equator known for their warm climate and lush vegetation

tropicale

tropicale

Ex: The tropical sun provides abundant warmth and energy for photosynthesis in plants .Il sole **tropicale** fornisce calore ed energia abbondanti per la fotosintesi nelle piante.
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horizon
[sostantivo]

the line where the sky and earth seem to come in contact with each other

orizzonte

orizzonte

Ex: The sunset painted the horizon with hues of pink and orange .Il tramonto ha dipinto **l'orizzonte** con sfumature di rosa e arancione.
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equator
[sostantivo]

a hypothetical line around the Earth that divides it into Northern and Southern hemispheres

equatore

equatore

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peninsula
[sostantivo]

a large body of land that is partially surrounded by water but is attached to a larger area of land

penisola

penisola

Ex: The Arabian Peninsula is a vast desert region rich in oil and cultural history, bordered by several bodies of water, including the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf.La **penisola** arabica è una vasta regione desertica ricca di petrolio e storia culturale, delimitata da diversi specchi d'acqua, tra cui il Mar Rosso e il Golfo Persico.
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highland
[sostantivo]

land with mountains or hills

regione montuosa

regione montuosa

Ex: Highlands are often characterized by their cooler climates and unique flora and fauna adapted to higher elevations.Gli **altopiani** sono spesso caratterizzati dai loro climi più freschi e da una flora e fauna uniche adattate alle altitudini più elevate.
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inland
[aggettivo]

located away from the coast

interno, verso l’interno

interno, verso l’interno

Ex: The inland plains are ideal for agriculture due to fertile soil .Le pianure **interne** sono ideali per l'agricoltura grazie al terreno fertile.
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hilly
[aggettivo]

having many hills

collinoso

collinoso

Ex: The hilly roads can be dangerous during the rainy season .Le strade **collinari** possono essere pericolose durante la stagione delle piogge.
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terrain
[sostantivo]

an area of land, particularly in reference to its physical or natural features

terreno

terreno

Ex: Farmers adapted their cultivation techniques to suit the varying terrain of their land , employing terracing on slopes and irrigation systems in low-lying areas to optimize agricultural productivity .Gli agricoltori hanno adattato le loro tecniche di coltivazione per adattarsi al **terreno** variabile delle loro terre, impiegando terrazzamenti sui pendii e sistemi di irrigazione nelle zone basse per ottimizzare la produttività agricola.
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slope
[sostantivo]

a stretch of land forming part of a hill or mountain

pendio

pendio

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pole
[sostantivo]

the most northern or most southern points of the earth that are joined by its axis of rotation

Polo Nord/Sud

Polo Nord/Sud

Ex: The magnetic poles are not aligned exactly with the geographic poles and can shift due to changes in the Earth 's magnetic field .I **poli** magnetici non sono allineati esattamente con i poli geografici e possono spostarsi a causa dei cambiamenti nel campo magnetico terrestre.
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ravine
[sostantivo]

a deep narrow valley with steep sides, usually worn by a stream

burrone

burrone

Ex: Geologists study the formation of ravines to understand how water shapes the Earth 's surface over millennia .I geologi studiano la formazione dei **burroni** per capire come l'acqua modella la superficie terrestre nel corso dei millenni.
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branch
[sostantivo]

a smaller part of a river that is separated from the main and larger part

ramo

ramo

Ex: The bridge spanned the branch of the river , providing a scenic view of the surrounding landscape .Il ponte attraversava il **ramo** del fiume, offrendo una vista panoramica del paesaggio circostante.
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current
[sostantivo]

the flow or movement of water or a liquid in a specific direction

attuale

attuale

Ex: The warm ocean current influences the coastal climate, making winters milder.La **corrente** oceanica calda influenza il clima costiero, rendendo gli inverni più miti.
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tide
[sostantivo]

the rise and fall of the sea level, which happens regularly, as a result of the attraction of the sun and moon

marea

marea

Ex: Tidal energy , generated from the movement of the tide, is a renewable source of power in some coastal regions .L'energia mareomotrice, generata dal movimento delle **maree**, è una fonte di energia rinnovabile in alcune regioni costiere.
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gulf
[sostantivo]

an area of sea that is partly surrounded by land, with a narrow opening

golfo

golfo

Ex: The boat was anchored in a quiet gulf.La barca era ancorata in un tranquillo **golfo**.
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coastal
[aggettivo]

related to or situated along the coast, the area where land meets the sea

costiero

costiero

Ex: Coastal communities often rely on fishing and tourism for economic livelihood .Le comunità **costiere** spesso dipendono dalla pesca e dal turismo per il sostentamento economico.
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crater
[sostantivo]

the round top of a volcano

cratere

cratere

Ex: The volcanic crater was filled with lava that glowed orange at night.Il **cratere** vulcanico era pieno di lava che di notte brillava di arancione.
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lava
[sostantivo]

a substance from the inner layers of the earth which is erupted out of a volcanic mountain

lava

lava

Ex: Scientists study lava samples to understand the composition of the Earth 's interior .Gli scienziati studiano campioni di **lava** per comprendere la composizione dell'interno della Terra.
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iceberg
[sostantivo]

a very large floating piece of ice

iceberg

iceberg

Ex: The expedition team carefully navigated their ship around the towering iceberg.La squadra di spedizione ha navigato con attenzione la loro nave intorno all'imponente **iceberg**.
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glacier
[sostantivo]

a large mass of ice that forms over long periods of time, especially in polar regions or high mountains

ghiacciaio

ghiacciaio

Ex: The farm uses renewable energy to power its operations.L'azienda agricola utilizza energia rinnovabile per alimentare le sue operazioni.
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canyon
[sostantivo]

a valley that is deep and has very steep sides, through which a river is flowing usually

canyon

canyon

Ex: They set up camp near the bottom of the canyon.Hanno allestito il campo vicino al fondo del **canyon**.
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reef
[sostantivo]

a ridge of rock or a line of sand near the surface of a body of water

scogliera

scogliera

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coral reef
[sostantivo]

a natural underwater structure formed by coral

barriera corallina

barriera corallina

Ex: Coral reefs are often called the rainforests of the sea .Le **barriere coralline** sono spesso chiamate le foreste pluviali del mare.
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pond
[sostantivo]

an area containing still water that is comparatively smaller than a lake, particularly one that is made artificially

stagno

stagno

Ex: In winter , the pond froze over , allowing people to enjoy ice skating and other activities on its surface .In inverno, lo **stagno** si ghiacciò, permettendo alle persone di godersi il pattinaggio sul ghiaccio e altre attività sulla sua superficie.
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marine
[aggettivo]

related to the sea and the different life forms that exist there

marino

marino

Ex: Marine biology focuses on studying the organisms and environments of the ocean .La biologia **marina** si concentra sullo studio degli organismi e degli ambienti dell'oceano.
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peak
[sostantivo]

the pointed top of a mountain

cima

cima

Ex: The mountain 's peak was often shrouded in clouds , giving it a mysterious appearance .La **vetta** della montagna era spesso avvolta dalle nuvole, dandole un aspetto misterioso.
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Vocabolario Essenziale per il TOEFL
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