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Vocabulario Esencial para el TOEFL - Geografía

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre geografía, como "tropic", "hilly", "slope", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
geology
[Sustantivo]

a field of science that studies the structure of the earth and its history

geología

geología

Ex: Studying geology reveals the history of our planet , from the formation of continents to the evolution of life .El estudio de la **geología** revela la historia de nuestro planeta, desde la formación de los continentes hasta la evolución de la vida.
hemisphere
[Sustantivo]

one of the two halves of the Earth, separated by the equator or a meridian

hemisferio

hemisferio

Ex: The Earth 's hemispheres have different weather patterns due to their locations .Los **hemisferios** de la Tierra tienen diferentes patrones climáticos debido a sus ubicaciones.
altitude
[Sustantivo]

the distance between an object or point and sea level

altitud, altura

altitud, altura

Ex: Meteorologists study altitude variations to understand atmospheric pressure changes .Los meteorólogos estudian las variaciones de **altitud** para comprender los cambios en la presión atmosférica.
latitude
[Sustantivo]

the distance of a point north or south of the equator that is measured in degrees

latitud

latitud

continental
[Adjetivo]

relating to or characteristic of any continent

continental

continental

longitude
[Sustantivo]

the distance of a point east or west of the meridian at Greenwich that is measured in degrees

longitud

longitud

Ex: Time zones are determined based on lines of longitude around the globe.Los husos horarios se determinan en función de las líneas de **longitud** alrededor del globo.
tropic
[Sustantivo]

each of the two parallel and imaginary lines around the earth that is 23°26ʹ south or north of the equator

trópico

trópico

tropical
[Adjetivo]

associated with or characteristic of the tropics, regions of the Earth near the equator known for their warm climate and lush vegetation

tropical

tropical

Ex: The tropical sun provides abundant warmth and energy for photosynthesis in plants .El sol **tropical** proporciona abundante calor y energía para la fotosíntesis en las plantas.
horizon
[Sustantivo]

the line where the sky and earth seem to come in contact with each other

horizonte

horizonte

Ex: The sunset painted the horizon with hues of pink and orange .El atardecer pintó **el horizonte** con tonos de rosa y naranja.
equator
[Sustantivo]

a hypothetical line around the Earth that divides it into Northern and Southern hemispheres

ecuador

ecuador

peninsula
[Sustantivo]

a large body of land that is partially surrounded by water but is attached to a larger area of land

península

península

Ex: The Arabian Peninsula is a vast desert region rich in oil and cultural history, bordered by several bodies of water, including the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf.La **península** arábiga es una vasta región desértica rica en petróleo e historia cultural, bordeada por varios cuerpos de agua, incluidos el Mar Rojo y el Golfo Pérsico.
highland
[Sustantivo]

land with mountains or hills

tierras altas

tierras altas

Ex: Highlands are often characterized by their cooler climates and unique flora and fauna adapted to higher elevations.Las **tierras altas** a menudo se caracterizan por sus climas más frescos y una flora y fauna únicas adaptadas a elevaciones más altas.
inland
[Adjetivo]

located away from the coast

del interior, interior

del interior, interior

Ex: The inland plains are ideal for agriculture due to fertile soil .Las llanuras **interiores** son ideales para la agricultura debido al suelo fértil.
hilly
[Adjetivo]

having many hills

montañoso

montañoso

Ex: The hilly roads can be dangerous during the rainy season .Las carreteras **montañosas** pueden ser peligrosas durante la temporada de lluvias.
terrain
[Sustantivo]

an area of land, particularly in reference to its physical or natural features

terreno

terreno

Ex: Farmers adapted their cultivation techniques to suit the varying terrain of their land , employing terracing on slopes and irrigation systems in low-lying areas to optimize agricultural productivity .Los agricultores adaptaron sus técnicas de cultivo para adaptarse al **terreno** variado de sus tierras, empleando terrazas en las pendientes y sistemas de riego en las zonas bajas para optimizar la productividad agrícola.
slope
[Sustantivo]

a stretch of land forming part of a hill or mountain

cuesta

cuesta

pole
[Sustantivo]

the most northern or most southern points of the earth that are joined by its axis of rotation

polo

polo

Ex: The magnetic poles are not aligned exactly with the geographic poles and can shift due to changes in the Earth 's magnetic field .Los **polos** magnéticos no están alineados exactamente con los polos geográficos y pueden desplazarse debido a cambios en el campo magnético de la Tierra.
ravine
[Sustantivo]

a deep narrow valley with steep sides, usually worn by a stream

barranco

barranco

Ex: Geologists study the formation of ravines to understand how water shapes the Earth 's surface over millennia .Los geólogos estudian la formación de los **barrancos** para comprender cómo el agua moldea la superficie de la Tierra a lo largo de los milenios.
branch
[Sustantivo]

a smaller part of a river that is separated from the main and larger part

brazo

brazo

Ex: The bridge spanned the branch of the river , providing a scenic view of the surrounding landscape .El puente abarcaba el **ramal** del río, proporcionando una vista pintoresca del paisaje circundante.
current
[Sustantivo]

the flow or movement of water or a liquid in a specific direction

corriente

corriente

Ex: The warm ocean current influences the coastal climate, making winters milder.La **corriente** oceánica cálida influye en el clima costero, haciendo los inviernos más suaves.
tide
[Sustantivo]

the rise and fall of the sea level, which happens regularly, as a result of the attraction of the sun and moon

marea

marea

Ex: Tidal energy , generated from the movement of the tide, is a renewable source of power in some coastal regions .La energía mareomotriz, generada por el movimiento de las **mareas**, es una fuente de energía renovable en algunas regiones costeras.
gulf
[Sustantivo]

an area of sea that is partly surrounded by land, with a narrow opening

golfo

golfo

Ex: The boat was anchored in a quiet gulf.El barco estaba anclado en un **golfo** tranquilo.
coastal
[Adjetivo]

related to or situated along the coast, the area where land meets the sea

costero

costero

Ex: Coastal communities often rely on fishing and tourism for economic livelihood .Las comunidades **costeras** a menudo dependen de la pesca y el turismo para su sustento económico.
crater
[Sustantivo]

the round top of a volcano

cráter

cráter

Ex: The volcanic crater was filled with lava that glowed orange at night.El **cráter** volcánico estaba lleno de lava que brillaba en color naranja por la noche.
lava
[Sustantivo]

a substance from the inner layers of the earth which is erupted out of a volcanic mountain

lava

lava

Ex: Scientists study lava samples to understand the composition of the Earth 's interior .Los científicos estudian muestras de **lava** para comprender la composición del interior de la Tierra.
iceberg
[Sustantivo]

a very large floating piece of ice

iceberg

iceberg

Ex: The expedition team carefully navigated their ship around the towering iceberg.El equipo de expedición navegó cuidadosamente su barco alrededor del imponente **iceberg**.
glacier
[Sustantivo]

a large mass of ice that forms over long periods of time, especially in polar regions or high mountains

glaciar

glaciar

Ex: The farm uses renewable energy to power its operations.La granja utiliza energía renovable para alimentar sus operaciones.
canyon
[Sustantivo]

a valley that is deep and has very steep sides, through which a river is flowing usually

cañón

cañón

Ex: They set up camp near the bottom of the canyon.Acamparon cerca del fondo del **cañón**.
reef
[Sustantivo]

a ridge of rock or a line of sand near the surface of a body of water

arrecife

arrecife

coral reef
[Sustantivo]

a natural underwater structure formed by coral

arrecife de coral

arrecife de coral

Ex: Coral reefs are often called the rainforests of the sea .Los **arrecifes de coral** a menudo son llamados las selvas tropicales del mar.
pond
[Sustantivo]

an area containing still water that is comparatively smaller than a lake, particularly one that is made artificially

estanque

estanque

Ex: In winter , the pond froze over , allowing people to enjoy ice skating and other activities on its surface .En invierno, el **estanque** se congeló, permitiendo que la gente disfrutara del patinaje sobre hielo y otras actividades en su superficie.
marine
[Adjetivo]

related to the sea and the different life forms that exist there

marino, naval

marino, naval

Ex: Marine biology focuses on studying the organisms and environments of the ocean .La biología **marina** se centra en el estudio de los organismos y los entornos del océano.
peak
[Sustantivo]

the pointed top of a mountain

cumbre, cima

cumbre, cima

Ex: The mountain 's peak was often shrouded in clouds , giving it a mysterious appearance .La **cima** de la montaña a menudo estaba envuelta en nubes, dándole una apariencia misteriosa.
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